Files
openbb-invest-api/routes_backtest.py
Yaojia Wang 5c7a0ee4c0 feat: add backtesting engine with 4 strategies (TDD)
Strategies:
- POST /backtest/sma-crossover - SMA crossover (short/long window)
- POST /backtest/rsi - RSI oversold/overbought signals
- POST /backtest/buy-and-hold - passive benchmark
- POST /backtest/momentum - multi-symbol momentum rotation

Returns: total_return, annualized_return, sharpe_ratio, max_drawdown,
win_rate, total_trades, equity_curve (last 20 points)

Implementation: pure pandas/numpy, no external backtesting libs.
Shared _compute_metrics helper across all strategies.
79 new tests (46 service unit + 33 route integration).
All 391 tests passing.
2026-03-19 22:35:00 +01:00

142 lines
5.0 KiB
Python

"""Routes for backtesting strategies."""
import logging
from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
import backtest_service
from models import ApiResponse
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/v1/backtest", tags=["backtest"])
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Request models
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
class BacktestRequest(BaseModel):
symbol: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=20)
days: int = Field(default=365, ge=30, le=3650)
initial_capital: float = Field(default=10000.0, gt=0, le=1_000_000_000)
class SMARequest(BacktestRequest):
short_window: int = Field(default=20, ge=5, le=100)
long_window: int = Field(default=50, ge=10, le=400)
class RSIRequest(BacktestRequest):
period: int = Field(default=14, ge=2, le=50)
oversold: float = Field(default=30.0, ge=1, le=49)
overbought: float = Field(default=70.0, ge=51, le=99)
class BuyAndHoldRequest(BacktestRequest):
pass
class MomentumRequest(BaseModel):
symbols: list[str] = Field(..., min_length=2, max_length=20)
lookback: int = Field(default=60, ge=5, le=252)
top_n: int = Field(default=2, ge=1)
rebalance_days: int = Field(default=30, ge=5, le=252)
days: int = Field(default=365, ge=60, le=3650)
initial_capital: float = Field(default=10000.0, gt=0)
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Route handlers
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@router.post("/sma-crossover", response_model=ApiResponse)
async def sma_crossover(req: SMARequest) -> ApiResponse:
"""SMA crossover strategy: buy when short SMA crosses above long SMA."""
try:
result = await backtest_service.backtest_sma_crossover(
req.symbol,
short_window=req.short_window,
long_window=req.long_window,
days=req.days,
initial_capital=req.initial_capital,
)
return ApiResponse(data=result)
except ValueError as exc:
logger.warning("SMA crossover backtest validation error: %s", exc)
raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(exc)) from exc
except Exception as exc:
logger.exception("SMA crossover backtest failed")
raise HTTPException(
status_code=502, detail="Data provider error. Check server logs."
) from exc
@router.post("/rsi", response_model=ApiResponse)
async def rsi_strategy(req: RSIRequest) -> ApiResponse:
"""RSI strategy: buy when RSI < oversold, sell when RSI > overbought."""
try:
result = await backtest_service.backtest_rsi(
req.symbol,
period=req.period,
oversold=req.oversold,
overbought=req.overbought,
days=req.days,
initial_capital=req.initial_capital,
)
return ApiResponse(data=result)
except ValueError as exc:
logger.warning("RSI backtest validation error: %s", exc)
raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(exc)) from exc
except Exception as exc:
logger.exception("RSI backtest failed")
raise HTTPException(
status_code=502, detail="Data provider error. Check server logs."
) from exc
@router.post("/buy-and-hold", response_model=ApiResponse)
async def buy_and_hold(req: BuyAndHoldRequest) -> ApiResponse:
"""Buy-and-hold benchmark: buy on day 1, hold through end of period."""
try:
result = await backtest_service.backtest_buy_and_hold(
req.symbol,
days=req.days,
initial_capital=req.initial_capital,
)
return ApiResponse(data=result)
except ValueError as exc:
logger.warning("Buy-and-hold backtest validation error: %s", exc)
raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(exc)) from exc
except Exception as exc:
logger.exception("Buy-and-hold backtest failed")
raise HTTPException(
status_code=502, detail="Data provider error. Check server logs."
) from exc
@router.post("/momentum", response_model=ApiResponse)
async def momentum_strategy(req: MomentumRequest) -> ApiResponse:
"""Momentum strategy: every rebalance_days pick top_n symbols by lookback return."""
try:
result = await backtest_service.backtest_momentum(
symbols=req.symbols,
lookback=req.lookback,
top_n=req.top_n,
rebalance_days=req.rebalance_days,
days=req.days,
initial_capital=req.initial_capital,
)
return ApiResponse(data=result)
except ValueError as exc:
logger.warning("Momentum backtest validation error: %s", exc)
raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(exc)) from exc
except Exception as exc:
logger.exception("Momentum backtest failed")
raise HTTPException(
status_code=502, detail="Data provider error. Check server logs."
) from exc