diff --git a/apps/web/app/globals.css b/apps/web/app/globals.css
index 0743278..f577e57 100644
--- a/apps/web/app/globals.css
+++ b/apps/web/app/globals.css
@@ -164,7 +164,81 @@ body {
   }
 }
 
+/* AI 工作中·三点波动（比 animate-pulse 更明显：竖向弹跳 + 亮度，供 ThinkingIndicator 用）。 */
+.ai-dot {
+  animation: ai-dot 1.2s ease-in-out infinite;
+}
+@keyframes ai-dot {
+  0%,
+  80%,
+  100% {
+    transform: translateY(0);
+    opacity: 0.4;
+  }
+  40% {
+    transform: translateY(-3px);
+    opacity: 1;
+  }
+}
+
+/* AI 流式/处理中·不确定进度条（细条来回扫，明确传达"正在工作"）。 */
+.ai-stream-track {
+  position: relative;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  background: var(--color-cinnabar-wash);
+}
+.ai-stream-track::after {
+  content: "";
+  position: absolute;
+  inset-block: 0;
+  left: -40%;
+  width: 40%;
+  border-radius: 9999px;
+  background: var(--color-cinnabar);
+  animation: ai-stream 1.4s ease-in-out infinite;
+}
+@keyframes ai-stream {
+  0% {
+    left: -40%;
+    width: 35%;
+  }
+  50% {
+    width: 55%;
+  }
+  100% {
+    left: 100%;
+    width: 35%;
+  }
+}
+
+/* AI 构思中·占位微光（正文区首 token 前的呼吸感，比骨架更"活"）。 */
+.ai-breathe {
+  animation: ai-breathe 1.8s ease-in-out infinite;
+}
+@keyframes ai-breathe {
+  0%,
+  100% {
+    opacity: 0.55;
+  }
+  50% {
+    opacity: 1;
+  }
+}
+
 @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
+  .ai-dot {
+    animation: none;
+    opacity: 0.85;
+  }
+  .ai-stream-track::after {
+    animation: none;
+    left: 0;
+    width: 100%;
+    opacity: 0.35;
+  }
+  .ai-breathe {
+    animation: none;
+  }
   .typewriter-cursor {
     animation: none;
   }
diff --git a/apps/web/components/ThinkingIndicator.tsx b/apps/web/components/ThinkingIndicator.tsx
index d778d11..0ac916b 100644
--- a/apps/web/components/ThinkingIndicator.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/components/ThinkingIndicator.tsx
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ export function ThinkingIndicator({
       role="status"
       aria-live="polite"
     >
-      <span className="inline-flex gap-0.5" aria-hidden="true">
+      <span className="inline-flex gap-1" aria-hidden="true">
         {[0, 1, 2].map((i) => (
           <span
             key={i}
-            className="h-1.5 w-1.5 rounded-full bg-current opacity-70 motion-safe:animate-pulse"
-            style={{ animationDelay: `${i * 200}ms` }}
+            className="ai-dot h-2 w-2 rounded-full bg-current"
+            style={{ animationDelay: `${i * 150}ms` }}
           />
         ))}
       </span>
diff --git a/apps/web/components/generation/CharacterGenerator.tsx b/apps/web/components/generation/CharacterGenerator.tsx
index fea3da3..43345a4 100644
--- a/apps/web/components/generation/CharacterGenerator.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/components/generation/CharacterGenerator.tsx
@@ -171,8 +171,8 @@ export function CharacterGenerator({
 
         <Button
           onClick={() => void onGenerate()}
+          loading={generating}
           disabled={
-            generating ||
             brief.trim().length === 0 ||
             (mode === "mix"
               ? mixTotal < MIN_CHARACTER_COUNT
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ export function CharacterGenerator({
           variant="primary"
         >
           <Sparkles className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
-          {generating ? "生成中…" : "生成"}
+          生成
         </Button>
       </div>
 
diff --git a/apps/web/components/generation/WorldGenerator.tsx b/apps/web/components/generation/WorldGenerator.tsx
index 3cb27dc..54122c4 100644
--- a/apps/web/components/generation/WorldGenerator.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/components/generation/WorldGenerator.tsx
@@ -66,11 +66,12 @@ export function WorldGenerator({ projectId }: WorldGeneratorProps) {
         </Field>
         <Button
           onClick={() => void onGenerate()}
-          disabled={generating || brief.trim().length === 0}
+          loading={generating}
+          disabled={brief.trim().length === 0}
           variant="primary"
         >
           <Sparkles className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
-          {generating ? "生成中…" : "生成世界观"}
+          生成世界观
         </Button>
       </div>
 
diff --git a/apps/web/components/toolbox/GeneratorRunner.tsx b/apps/web/components/toolbox/GeneratorRunner.tsx
index b5e4479..957d188 100644
--- a/apps/web/components/toolbox/GeneratorRunner.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/components/toolbox/GeneratorRunner.tsx
@@ -254,9 +254,9 @@ export function GeneratorRunner({
             onChange={(v) => setField(field.name, v)}
           />
         ))}
-        <Button type="submit" disabled={generating} variant="primary">
+        <Button type="submit" loading={generating} variant="primary">
           <Sparkles className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
-          {generating ? "生成中…" : "生成"}
+          生成
         </Button>
         {generating ? (
           <ThinkingIndicator
@@ -297,15 +297,14 @@ export function GeneratorRunner({
           {canIngest && gen.ingestStatus !== "conflict" ? (
             <Button
               onClick={() => void runIngest(false)}
-              disabled={ingesting || (!singleObject && selected.size === 0)}
+              loading={ingesting}
+              disabled={!singleObject && selected.size === 0}
               variant="outline"
             >
               <Database className="h-4 w-4" aria-hidden="true" />
-              {ingesting
-                ? "入库中…"
-                : singleObject
-                  ? `入库为规则至 ${table}`
-                  : `入库选中（${selected.size}）至 ${table}`}
+              {singleObject
+                ? `入库为规则至 ${table}`
+                : `入库选中（${selected.size}）至 ${table}`}
             </Button>
           ) : null}
 
diff --git a/apps/web/components/ui/Button.tsx b/apps/web/components/ui/Button.tsx
index 7bd197c..aab8650 100644
--- a/apps/web/components/ui/Button.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/components/ui/Button.tsx
@@ -5,11 +5,14 @@ import {
   type ButtonSize,
   type ButtonVariant,
 } from "@/lib/ui/variants";
+import { Spinner } from "./Spinner";
 
 interface ButtonProps extends ButtonHTMLAttributes<HTMLButtonElement> {
   children: ReactNode;
   variant?: ButtonVariant;
   size?: ButtonSize;
+  // 忙碌态：显示转圈 + 禁用 + aria-busy，统一各处"处理中"的过程感。
+  loading?: boolean;
 }
 
 export const Button = forwardRef<HTMLButtonElement, ButtonProps>(function Button(
@@ -19,6 +22,8 @@ export const Button = forwardRef<HTMLButtonElement, ButtonProps>(function Button
     variant,
     size,
     type = "button",
+    loading = false,
+    disabled,
     ...props
   },
   ref,
@@ -28,8 +33,11 @@ export const Button = forwardRef<HTMLButtonElement, ButtonProps>(function Button
       ref={ref}
       type={type}
       className={buttonClass({ variant, size, className })}
+      disabled={disabled || loading}
+      aria-busy={loading || undefined}
       {...props}
     >
+      {loading ? <Spinner className="h-4 w-4" /> : null}
       {children}
     </button>
   );
diff --git a/apps/web/components/ui/GenerationSkeleton.tsx b/apps/web/components/ui/GenerationSkeleton.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95cc87e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/web/components/ui/GenerationSkeleton.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import { ThinkingIndicator } from "@/components/ThinkingIndicator";
+import { cn } from "@/lib/ui/variants";
+
+interface GenerationSkeletonProps {
+  // 状态文案（如「续写中」「AI 正在构思本章…」）。
+  label: string;
+  // 呼吸微光占位行数（默认 3）。
+  lines?: number;
+  // sm：面板内小占位；lg：正文区大占位（更粗行 + 稍大标签）。
+  size?: "sm" | "lg";
+  className?: string;
+}
+
+// 占位行宽度序列（错落感，示意即将落笔的段落）。
+const LINE_WIDTHS = ["90%", "78%", "84%", "68%", "72%"];
+
+// AI 同步/构思等待占位：三点波动标签 + `ai-breathe` 呼吸微光占位行，
+// 比单三点更明显地传达「正在生成」。占位行 aria-hidden；role=status/aria-live 由
+// ThinkingIndicator 提供，读屏可知在生成。ai-breathe 自带 reduced-motion 回退。
+export function GenerationSkeleton({
+  label,
+  lines = 3,
+  size = "sm",
+  className,
+}: GenerationSkeletonProps) {
+  return (
+    <div className={cn("space-y-2.5", className)}>
+      <ThinkingIndicator
+        label={label}
+        className={cn("text-cinnabar", size === "lg" ? "text-sm" : "text-xs")}
+      />
+      <div className="space-y-2" aria-hidden="true">
+        {Array.from({ length: lines }).map((_, i) => (
+          <div
+            key={i}
+            className={cn(
+              "ai-breathe rounded bg-line/60",
+              size === "lg" ? "h-3.5" : "h-3",
+            )}
+            style={{
+              width: LINE_WIDTHS[i % LINE_WIDTHS.length],
+              animationDelay: `${i * 160}ms`,
+            }}
+          />
+        ))}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/apps/web/components/ui/Spinner.tsx b/apps/web/components/ui/Spinner.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cfca471
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/web/components/ui/Spinner.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { cn } from "@/lib/ui/variants";
+
+interface SpinnerProps {
+  className?: string;
+}
+
+// 转圈忙碌指示：环形（顶部留缺口）motion-safe 旋转；reduced-motion 下为静止环。
+export function Spinner({ className }: SpinnerProps) {
+  return (
+    <span
+      aria-hidden="true"
+      className={cn(
+        "inline-block h-4 w-4 shrink-0 rounded-full border-2 border-current border-t-transparent motion-safe:animate-spin",
+        className,
+      )}
+    />
+  );
+}
diff --git a/apps/web/components/ui/StreamingBar.tsx b/apps/web/components/ui/StreamingBar.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a16ba7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/web/components/ui/StreamingBar.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { cn } from "@/lib/ui/variants";
+
+interface StreamingBarProps {
+  label?: string;
+  className?: string;
+}
+
+// AI 流式/处理中·不确定进度条：细朱砂条来回扫，明确传达"正在工作"。
+// 显隐由调用方控制（只在生成时挂载）；reduced-motion 下为静态朱砂条（见 globals.css）。
+export function StreamingBar({ label = "AI 生成中", className }: StreamingBarProps) {
+  return (
+    <div
+      role="progressbar"
+      aria-label={label}
+      className={cn("ai-stream-track h-0.5 w-full rounded-full", className)}
+    />
+  );
+}
diff --git a/apps/web/components/workbench/ChapterRewritePanel.tsx b/apps/web/components/workbench/ChapterRewritePanel.tsx
index 1d32a47..68ed092 100644
--- a/apps/web/components/workbench/ChapterRewritePanel.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/components/workbench/ChapterRewritePanel.tsx
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { ThinkingIndicator } from "@/components/ThinkingIndicator";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/Button";
 import { SectionHeader } from "@/components/ui/SectionHeader";
 import { StatusNote } from "@/components/ui/StatusNote";
+import { StreamingBar } from "@/components/ui/StreamingBar";
 import { TextArea } from "@/components/ui/TextArea";
 import type { AiMessageView } from "@/lib/api/types";
 import { friendlyError } from "@/lib/errors/messages";
@@ -198,6 +199,11 @@ export function ChapterRewritePanel({
         </Button>
       </div>
 
+      {/* 重写流式期间：气泡区顶部挂一条不确定进度条，明确「进行中」（生成结束卸载）。 */}
+      {rewrite.isStreaming ? (
+        <StreamingBar label="重写生成中" className="mt-3" />
+      ) : null}
+
       {/* 内联对话气泡流：本章 rewrite 往复（已落库）+ 本轮进行中气泡（流式逐字），作者右 / AI 左，滚动区。 */}
       {flatCount > 0 || status === "error" ? (
         <div
diff --git a/apps/web/components/workbench/ContinuePanel.tsx b/apps/web/components/workbench/ContinuePanel.tsx
index 87c73da..8072731 100644
--- a/apps/web/components/workbench/ContinuePanel.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/components/workbench/ContinuePanel.tsx
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef } from "react";
 import { Check, Plus, X } from "lucide-react";
 
-import { ThinkingIndicator } from "@/components/ThinkingIndicator";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/Button";
+import { GenerationSkeleton } from "@/components/ui/GenerationSkeleton";
 import { SectionHeader } from "@/components/ui/SectionHeader";
 import { StatusNote } from "@/components/ui/StatusNote";
 import { useContinue } from "@/lib/workbench/useContinue";
@@ -72,12 +72,6 @@ export function ContinuePanel({
         </Button>
       </div>
 
-      {candidates.length === 0 && busy ? (
-        <div className="mt-3">
-          <ThinkingIndicator label="续写中" className="text-xs text-cinnabar" />
-        </div>
-      ) : null}
-
       {candidates.length === 0 && status === "error" ? (
         <StatusNote variant="danger" className="mt-3 text-xs" title="续写失败">
           <button
@@ -112,10 +106,13 @@ export function ContinuePanel({
         ))}
       </ul>
 
+      {/* 续写为同步请求（无逐字流）：生成期间放一块呼吸微光骨架占位，比单三点更明显地示意正在生成。 */}
+      {busy ? <GenerationSkeleton label="续写中" className="mt-3" /> : null}
+
       <div className="mt-3">
         <Button
           onClick={() => void runGenerate()}
-          disabled={busy}
+          loading={busy}
           variant="secondary"
           size="sm"
         >
diff --git a/apps/web/components/workbench/ConversationThread.tsx b/apps/web/components/workbench/ConversationThread.tsx
index 67c5f0b..1ef901c 100644
--- a/apps/web/components/workbench/ConversationThread.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/components/workbench/ConversationThread.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 "use client";
 
-import { ThinkingIndicator } from "@/components/ThinkingIndicator";
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/Button";
+import { GenerationSkeleton } from "@/components/ui/GenerationSkeleton";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/ui/variants";
 import type { AiMessageView } from "@/lib/api/types";
 import { bubbleSide, type AcceptAction } from "@/lib/workbench/aiConversation";
@@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ function Bubble({ message, action, onAccept }: BubbleProps) {
         )}
       >
         {showThinking ? (
-          <ThinkingIndicator label="生成中" className="text-sm text-cinnabar" />
+          // 空正文的进行中 ai 气泡（如同步 refine 的整段等待）：呼吸微光骨架，比单三点更明显。
+          <GenerationSkeleton label="生成中" lines={2} className="min-w-[8rem]" />
         ) : (
           <p className="max-h-56 overflow-y-auto whitespace-pre-wrap text-sm text-ink">
             {message.content}
diff --git a/apps/web/components/workbench/Editor.tsx b/apps/web/components/workbench/Editor.tsx
index 0f9a20a..ad0de3e 100644
--- a/apps/web/components/workbench/Editor.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/components/workbench/Editor.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { useEffect, useRef } from "react";
 
 import { cn, focusRing, proseBody } from "@/lib/ui/variants";
+import { ThinkingPlaceholder } from "./ThinkingPlaceholder";
 
 export interface EditorSelection {
   start: number;
@@ -14,6 +15,9 @@ interface EditorProps {
   value: string;
   onChange: (value: string) => void;
   streaming: boolean;
+  // 构思中（流式已开始但首 token 未到）：在正文区覆盖「AI 正在构思本章…」占位，
+  // 首个 token 到达即消失换成正文。纯展示层，不触碰流式逻辑。
+  isThinking?: boolean;
   // 选区变化上报（供「润色选段」等选区级 AI 动作取材）。空选区也会上报（start===end）。
   onSelectionChange?: (selection: EditorSelection) => void;
 }
@@ -24,6 +28,7 @@ export function Editor({
   value,
   onChange,
   streaming,
+  isThinking = false,
   onSelectionChange,
 }: EditorProps) {
   const ref = useRef<HTMLTextAreaElement>(null);
@@ -46,7 +51,7 @@ export function Editor({
   }, [value]);
 
   return (
-    <div className="mx-auto max-w-prose">
+    <div className="relative mx-auto max-w-prose">
       <label htmlFor="chapter-editor" className="sr-only">
         正文编辑器
       </label>
@@ -65,12 +70,13 @@ export function Editor({
           focusRing,
         )}
       />
-      {streaming ? (
+      {streaming && !isThinking ? (
         <span
           className="typewriter-cursor ml-0.5 inline-block h-[1.2em] w-[2px] translate-y-1 bg-cinnabar align-middle"
           aria-hidden="true"
         />
       ) : null}
+      {isThinking ? <ThinkingPlaceholder /> : null}
     </div>
   );
 }
diff --git a/apps/web/components/workbench/RefinePanel.tsx b/apps/web/components/workbench/RefinePanel.tsx
index 16e4de9..8968608 100644
--- a/apps/web/components/workbench/RefinePanel.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/components/workbench/RefinePanel.tsx
@@ -283,7 +283,8 @@ export function RefinePanel({
         <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
           <Button
             onClick={() => void onRecommunicate(false)}
-            disabled={busy || clarifying || instruction.trim().length === 0}
+            loading={busy}
+            disabled={clarifying || instruction.trim().length === 0}
             variant="secondary"
             size="sm"
           >
diff --git a/apps/web/components/workbench/ThinkingPlaceholder.tsx b/apps/web/components/workbench/ThinkingPlaceholder.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93daf62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/web/components/workbench/ThinkingPlaceholder.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { GenerationSkeleton } from "@/components/ui/GenerationSkeleton";
+
+// 正文区「AI 正在构思本章」占位（补首 token 前的最大缺口——长首字延迟不再像卡死）。
+// 覆盖编辑区（absolute inset-0 + bg-bg 遮住空/陈旧正文），三点波动 + 呼吸微光占位行示意即将落笔；
+// 首个 token 到达（stream 有正文）即由 Editor 卸载换成正文。role=status/aria-live 由内部
+// ThinkingIndicator 提供，读屏可知在生成。放在 Editor 的 relative 容器内。
+export function ThinkingPlaceholder() {
+  return (
+    <div className="absolute inset-0 z-10 rounded bg-bg pt-1">
+      <GenerationSkeleton label="AI 正在构思本章…" size="lg" lines={5} />
+    </div>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/apps/web/components/workbench/Workbench.tsx b/apps/web/components/workbench/Workbench.tsx
index e00f055..282012c 100644
--- a/apps/web/components/workbench/Workbench.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/components/workbench/Workbench.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { AppShell } from "@/components/AppShell";
 import { Drawer } from "@/components/Drawer";
 import { useToast } from "@/components/Toast";
 import { StatusNote } from "@/components/ui/StatusNote";
+import { StreamingBar } from "@/components/ui/StreamingBar";
 import type { ProjectResponse } from "@/lib/api/types";
 import { friendlyError } from "@/lib/errors/messages";
 import { useAutosave } from "@/lib/autosave/useAutosave";
@@ -90,6 +91,8 @@ export function Workbench({
   const toast = useToast();
   const autosave = useAutosave(project.id, chapterNo, initialText);
   const stream = useDraftStream();
+  // 构思中 = 流式已开始但首 token 未到（正文区覆盖构思占位）；有字后即为在吐字。
+  const isThinking = stream.isStreaming && stream.state.text.length === 0;
   const lastStreamText = useRef("");
   const canRefine = selection !== null && selection.text.trim().length > 0;
   const chapterTriggerRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
@@ -382,6 +385,10 @@ export function Workbench({
               onClose={() => setRewriteOpen(false)}
             />
           ) : null}
+          {/* 写本章流式期间：编辑区顶部常挂一条不确定进度条，明确「进行中」（生成结束卸载）。 */}
+          {stream.isStreaming ? (
+            <StreamingBar label="AI 正在写本章" className="shrink-0" />
+          ) : null}
           <div ref={editorScrollRef} className="flex-1 overflow-auto px-6 py-8">
             {chapters.length === 0 ? (
               <StatusNote variant="info" className="mb-4">
@@ -392,6 +399,7 @@ export function Workbench({
               value={text}
               onChange={onEditorChange}
               streaming={stream.isStreaming}
+              isThinking={isThinking}
               onSelectionChange={setSelection}
             />
           </div>