fix: address security findings in Phase 4 analytics and replay

- Fix CRITICAL: use parameterized INTERVAL arithmetic (%(days)s * INTERVAL '1 day')
  instead of string interpolation inside SQL literal
- Use asyncio.gather() for parallel query execution in get_analytics()
- Add range upper bound (max 365 days) to prevent DoS via full-table scans
- Add thread_id validation (alphanumeric, max 128 chars) in replay API
- Sanitize error messages to not reflect user input

backend/app/analytics/api.py

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/analytics", tags=["analytics"])
 
 _RANGE_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^(\d+)d$")
 _DEFAULT_RANGE = "7d"
+_MAX_RANGE_DAYS = 365
 
 
 async def _get_pool(request: Request) -> AsyncConnectionPool:
@@ -34,9 +35,15 @@ def _parse_range(range_str: str) -> int:
     if not match:
         raise HTTPException(
             status_code=400,
-            detail=f"Invalid range format '{range_str}'. Expected format: '<N>d' e.g. '7d', '30d'.",
+            detail="Invalid range format. Expected: '<N>d' e.g. '7d', '30d'.",
         )
-    return int(match.group(1))
+    days = int(match.group(1))
+    if days < 1 or days > _MAX_RANGE_DAYS:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail=f"Range must be between 1 and {_MAX_RANGE_DAYS} days.",
+        )
+    return days
 
 
 @router.get("")

backend/app/analytics/queries.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import asyncio
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from app.analytics.models import AgentUsage, AnalyticsResult, InterruptStats
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ SELECT
          ELSE COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE resolution_type = 'resolved')::float / COUNT(*)
     END AS rate
 FROM conversations
-WHERE created_at >= NOW() - INTERVAL '%(days)s days'
+WHERE created_at >= NOW() - (%(days)s * INTERVAL '1 day')
 """
 
 _ESCALATION_RATE_SQL = """
@@ -24,25 +25,25 @@ SELECT
          ELSE COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE resolution_type = 'escalated')::float / COUNT(*)
     END AS rate
 FROM conversations
-WHERE created_at >= NOW() - INTERVAL '%(days)s days'
+WHERE created_at >= NOW() - (%(days)s * INTERVAL '1 day')
 """
 
 _TOTAL_CONVERSATIONS_SQL = """
 SELECT COUNT(*) AS total
 FROM conversations
-WHERE created_at >= NOW() - INTERVAL '%(days)s days'
+WHERE created_at >= NOW() - (%(days)s * INTERVAL '1 day')
 """
 
 _AVG_TURNS_SQL = """
 SELECT COALESCE(AVG(turn_count), 0.0) AS avg_turns
 FROM conversations
-WHERE created_at >= NOW() - INTERVAL '%(days)s days'
+WHERE created_at >= NOW() - (%(days)s * INTERVAL '1 day')
 """
 
 _COST_PER_CONVERSATION_SQL = """
 SELECT COALESCE(AVG(total_cost_usd), 0.0) AS avg_cost
 FROM conversations
-WHERE created_at >= NOW() - INTERVAL '%(days)s days'
+WHERE created_at >= NOW() - (%(days)s * INTERVAL '1 day')
 """
 
 _AGENT_USAGE_SQL = """
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ SELECT
 FROM (
     SELECT UNNEST(agents_used) AS agent
     FROM conversations
-    WHERE created_at >= NOW() - INTERVAL '%(days)s days'
+    WHERE created_at >= NOW() - (%(days)s * INTERVAL '1 day')
       AND agents_used IS NOT NULL
 ) sub
 GROUP BY agent
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ SELECT
                      AND error_message IS NULL) AS rejected,
     COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE event_type = 'interrupt' AND error_message = 'expired') AS expired
 FROM analytics_events
-WHERE created_at >= NOW() - INTERVAL '%(days)s days'
+WHERE created_at >= NOW() - (%(days)s * INTERVAL '1 day')
 """
 
 
@@ -122,7 +123,9 @@ async def cost_per_conversation(pool: AsyncConnectionPool, range_days: int) -> f
     return float(row.get("avg_cost") or 0.0)
 
 
-async def agent_usage(pool: AsyncConnectionPool, range_days: int) -> tuple[AgentUsage, ...]:
+async def agent_usage(
+    pool: AsyncConnectionPool, range_days: int
+) -> tuple[AgentUsage, ...]:
     """Return per-agent usage statistics for the given range."""
     async with pool.connection() as conn:
         cursor = await conn.execute(_AGENT_USAGE_SQL, {"days": range_days})
@@ -139,7 +142,9 @@ async def agent_usage(pool: AsyncConnectionPool, range_days: int) -> tuple[Agent
     )
 
 
-async def interrupt_stats(pool: AsyncConnectionPool, range_days: int) -> InterruptStats:
+async def interrupt_stats(
+    pool: AsyncConnectionPool, range_days: int
+) -> InterruptStats:
     """Return interrupt approval/rejection statistics for the given range."""
     async with pool.connection() as conn:
         cursor = await conn.execute(_INTERRUPT_STATS_SQL, {"days": range_days})
@@ -154,16 +159,18 @@ async def interrupt_stats(pool: AsyncConnectionPool, range_days: int) -> Interru
     )
 
 
-async def get_analytics(pool: AsyncConnectionPool, range_days: int) -> AnalyticsResult:
+async def get_analytics(
+    pool: AsyncConnectionPool, range_days: int
+) -> AnalyticsResult:
     """Aggregate all analytics metrics into a single AnalyticsResult."""
-    res_rate, esc_rate, cost, usage, i_stats, total, avg_t = (
-        await resolution_rate(pool, range_days),
-        await escalation_rate(pool, range_days),
-        await cost_per_conversation(pool, range_days),
-        await agent_usage(pool, range_days),
-        await interrupt_stats(pool, range_days),
-        await _total_conversations(pool, range_days),
-        await _avg_turns(pool, range_days),
+    res_rate, esc_rate, cost, usage, i_stats, total, avg_t = await asyncio.gather(
+        resolution_rate(pool, range_days),
+        escalation_rate(pool, range_days),
+        cost_per_conversation(pool, range_days),
+        agent_usage(pool, range_days),
+        interrupt_stats(pool, range_days),
+        _total_conversations(pool, range_days),
+        _avg_turns(pool, range_days),
     )
     return AnalyticsResult(
         range=f"{range_days}d",

backend/app/replay/api.py

@@ -2,10 +2,13 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import re
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Annotated, Any
 
 from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Query, Request
 
+_THREAD_ID_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^[a-zA-Z0-9\-_]{1,128}$")
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from psycopg_pool import AsyncConnectionPool
 
@@ -64,13 +67,16 @@ async def get_replay(
     """Return paginated replay steps for a conversation thread."""
     from app.replay.transformer import transform_checkpoints
 
+    if not _THREAD_ID_PATTERN.match(thread_id):
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Invalid thread_id format")
+
     pool = await get_pool(request)
     async with pool.connection() as conn:
         cursor = await conn.execute(_GET_CHECKPOINTS_SQL, {"thread_id": thread_id})
         rows = await cursor.fetchall()
 
     if not rows:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=f"Thread '{thread_id}' not found")
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Thread not found")
 
     all_steps = transform_checkpoints([dict(row) for row in rows])
     total_steps = len(all_steps)