Merge diff-panel-design: style the project-detail diff panel (52 unstyled classes)

The project-detail Git panel's diff viewer emitted 52 class names that
style.css had no rule for, so it rendered as browser defaults: Working /
Staged / the base picker / ✕ Close as native OS buttons on a dark warm
panel, and a diff body with no monospace font and no +/- colouring at
all. The user's screenshot showed the toolbar; the audit (literal AND
template-literal class names) found the rest.

Adds the B1 diff-viewer block and the proj-*/tl-* rules, all on :root
tokens, following the file's existing two-button-role doctrine.

Also fixes, in passing:
- .df-commit-btn hardcoded #1a1712 where THEME.md mandates
  var(--on-accent) for text on a gold background
- .proj-pr-hidden — a "hidden" state class with no rule, so it never hid
- .proj-dot-stuck — ClaudeStatus has 'stuck' but only four of the five
  dots were styled, so a stuck session was the same colour as "no signal"
- --warn-wash: a derived token for the deletion wash, documented in
  THEME.md, so a re-skin moves the wash with --warn

Notable decisions, recorded in the CSS comments:
- .proj-tl-container gets NO height cap. Every capping mechanism tried
  (overflow-y:auto, mask-image, an ::after fade, a :has() row gate) cost
  more than the height it saved — the 5s wipe-and-re-append render loop
  cannot host a scroll position, and mask-clip:border-box ate the well's
  own border. It grew freely before this CSS existed; maxEvents=50 bounds it.
- The horizontal scroller stays per-hunk on .df-lines. Hoisting it to
  .df-file would drag the file path out of view when you scroll right.
- .df-file > .df-file-header keeps a smaller unscoped padding: the
  terminal page's .approval-preview also calls renderDiffFile().

Verified against the real DOM in a browser at 900px and 390x844 via a
throwaway harness (removed before commit), not from the CSS text alone.
typecheck exit 0; 2216 unit + 27 e2e tests pass.

.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# public/projects.ts embeds literal NUL bytes on purpose: the namespace-group
+# sentinels ACTIVE_GROUP_KEY = '\0active' and OTHER_GROUP_KEY = '\0other' are
+# prefixed with NUL so they can never collide with a real `First.Second` key.
+#
+# git classifies any file containing NUL as binary, so `git diff`/`git show`
+# print "Binary files differ" and review of this file is impossible. The `diff`
+# attribute tells git to diff it as text anyway. It does NOT set `text`, so
+# nothing is line-ending-normalised and the bytes on disk are untouched.
+#
+# Same trap in the shell: `grep` prints only "Binary file ... matches" and looks
+# like a no-match. Use `grep -a` on this file.
+public/projects.ts diff

.github/workflows/android.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+# Android CI (F2). Until this file existed the Android client had ZERO CI — 10 modules,
+# 691 JVM tests and the whole `WEBTERM_TOKEN` secret-handling wave (Tink AEAD under an
+# AndroidKeystore master key, the POST /auth probe, cookie stamping on every route and on
+# the WS upgrade) were gated by nothing at all. Modelled on ios.yml: same `on:` shape
+# (push + pull_request, path-filtered), same "one job per verification layer" structure,
+# and — like ios.yml — deliberately NO `concurrency:` group, so the two workflows behave
+# the same way on rapid pushes.
+#
+# ── HONESTY NOTE (read before trusting a green badge) ────────────────────────────────────
+# This repository's only remote is a self-hosted Gitea instance, so GitHub Actions has
+# NEVER run here and this file has never been executed by the platform. What IS verified:
+# every command below was run locally on macOS against the same Gradle build
+# (`./gradlew test :app:assembleDebug koverVerify koverLog` + the androidTest compile),
+# and the YAML parses. What is NOT verified: the runner-side pieces — action resolution,
+# the preinstalled Android SDK layout on `ubuntu-latest`, and the emulator leg.
+#
+# ── Why no `src/**` path trigger (ios.yml HAS one) ───────────────────────────────────────
+# ios.yml watches `src/**` because it owns `integration-tests`, a Swift layer that boots the
+# real Node server and would catch client↔server protocol drift. Android has no equivalent
+# leg (android/README.md, "DEFERRED — end-to-end access token": nothing here starts a server
+# with WEBTERM_TOKEN set and completes a cookie-gated WS upgrade). Triggering on `src/**`
+# would therefore burn runner minutes without checking a single contract. When an Android
+# server-contract leg is added, add `src/**` here at the same time.
+name: android
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - "android/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/android.yml"
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - "android/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/android.yml"
+  # Manual trigger for the instrumented (device) leg below, which is dispatch-only.
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  # Layer 1 — everything that runs without a device. This is exactly the green gate
+  # android/README.md documents ("./gradlew test :app:assembleDebug koverVerify"), plus a
+  # compile-only pass over the instrumented sources so they cannot silently rot.
+  build-and-test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 45
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: android
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      # jvmToolchain(17) is declared by every module; Gradle resolves it from the
+      # installed JDKs, so 17 must actually be present (the runner image's default may
+      # be a different major).
+      - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        with:
+          distribution: temurin
+          java-version: "17"
+          cache: gradle
+
+      # :app/:terminal-view/:host-registry/:client-tls-android compile against SDK 36 with
+      # build-tools 36.0.0 (android/README.md "Android SDK setup"). The runner image ships an
+      # Android SDK, but which platforms it holds drifts image to image — so install what the
+      # build actually needs instead of assuming, and FAIL LOUDLY if there is no sdkmanager.
+      - name: Install the Android SDK packages this build compiles against
+        run: |
+          # `set -eu` WITHOUT pipefail on purpose: `yes | sdkmanager --licenses` kills `yes`
+          # with SIGPIPE (141) as soon as the prompts stop, and pipefail would report that
+          # normal ending as a failed step.
+          set -eu
+          sdkmanager_bin="$ANDROID_HOME/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/sdkmanager"
+          if [ ! -x "$sdkmanager_bin" ]; then
+            sdkmanager_bin="$(ls -1 "$ANDROID_HOME"/cmdline-tools/*/bin/sdkmanager 2>/dev/null | tail -n 1 || true)"
+          fi
+          if [ ! -x "$sdkmanager_bin" ]; then
+            echo "::error title=No sdkmanager::none found under $ANDROID_HOME/cmdline-tools — the Android SDK is not usable on this runner" >&2
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          yes | "$sdkmanager_bin" --licenses > /dev/null
+          "$sdkmanager_bin" "platforms;android-36" "build-tools;36.0.0" "platform-tools"
+
+      # 10 modules of JVM unit tests (JUnit 5 + coroutines-test + Turbine + MockK). Includes
+      # the Android-library modules' testDebugUnitTest and :app's — no device needed.
+      - name: JVM unit tests (all modules)
+        run: ./gradlew test
+
+      # The APK build is its own step: a Kotlin/KSP/Hilt/Compose breakage that unit tests do
+      # not reach (resources, manifest merge, DI graph assembly) must not hide behind them.
+      - name: Debug APK builds
+        run: ./gradlew :app:assembleDebug
+
+      # Coverage floor: >=80% line coverage on the four modules that apply the Kover plugin
+      # (:wire-protocol, :session-core, :api-client, :client-tls). koverLog prints the actual
+      # percentages into the run log so a near-miss is visible before it becomes a failure.
+      # The Android-framework modules are NOT gated (no Kover on them) — a known gap.
+      - name: Coverage gate (Kover, >= 80% on the four gated modules)
+        run: ./gradlew koverVerify koverLog
+
+      # The instrumented sources cannot RUN here, but they must keep COMPILING. Three modules
+      # carry them, 119 @Test in total: `:app` (67 — the device-blocker suite: key routing,
+      # resize, alternate-screen scroll, autofill, driven through a custom HiltTestRunner),
+      # `:host-registry` (31 — incl. TinkAccessTokenStoreTest, the only assertion anywhere that
+      # the access token is ciphertext at rest) and `:client-tls-android` (21 — AndroidKeyStore
+      # import). A silent compile break would delete all of that without anyone noticing.
+      - name: Instrumented test sources still compile
+        run: ./gradlew :app:assembleDebugAndroidTest :host-registry:assembleDebugAndroidTest :client-tls-android:assembleDebugAndroidTest
+
+      - name: Upload test + coverage reports
+        if: failure()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: android-reports
+          path: |
+            android/*/build/reports/tests/**
+            android/*/build/test-results/**
+            android/*/build/reports/kover/**
+          retention-days: 7
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
+
+  # Layer 2 — instrumented (device) tests. DISPATCH-ONLY, on purpose.
+  #
+  # What is at stake: `TinkAccessTokenStoreTest` is the ONLY test anywhere that proves the
+  # frozen at-rest properties of the access token (ios-completion §1.1) — that a fresh store
+  # instance decrypts it after a cold start, and that the bytes on disk are ciphertext rather
+  # than the token in the clear. Tink's AEAD + the AndroidKeystore-wrapped master key have no
+  # JVM double, so this can only run on a device or emulator.
+  #
+  # The suite itself is NOT unproven: the android-blocker-fixes session ran `:app`'s 67
+  # instrumented tests green on real hardware. What has never been proven is this leg — the
+  # CI *emulator* path. Those are different claims and only the second one gates this `if:`.
+  #
+  # Why it is not on push: this workflow has never executed on any runner (see the honesty
+  # note at the top), and an emulator leg is the single most fragile thing in Android CI —
+  # it needs KVM, a system image download, and an AVD boot. Wiring an unvalidated, ~15-minute,
+  # KVM-dependent job into every push would either block the repo on a leg nobody has seen
+  # pass, or push people to make it non-blocking — and a leg that cannot fail is a false green
+  # (the same trap ios.yml's `ios17-floor-tests` comment calls out).
+  #
+  # THEREFORE: run it by hand from the Actions tab (workflow_dispatch) whenever the token
+  # store, the DataStore stores, the AndroidKeyStore importer, or the terminal view/input
+  # path change. Once it has been seen green on a real runner, promote it by deleting the
+  # `if:` below — the suite has already earned it on hardware.
+  #
+  # MANUAL EQUIVALENT (the path that has actually been walked — DEVICE_QA_CHECKLIST.md):
+  # with a device/emulator attached,
+  #   cd android && ANDROID_HOME=<sdk> ./gradlew :app:connectedDebugAndroidTest \
+  #                                              :host-registry:connectedDebugAndroidTest \
+  #                                              :client-tls-android:connectedDebugAndroidTest
+  # (StrongBox falls back to software keys on an emulator, so hardware-backed key claims still
+  # need real hardware.)
+  instrumented-tests:
+    if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        with:
+          distribution: temurin
+          java-version: "17"
+          cache: gradle
+      - name: Enable KVM for the emulator
+        run: |
+          echo 'KERNEL=="kvm", GROUP="kvm", MODE="0666", OPTIONS+="static_node=kvm"' \
+            | sudo tee /etc/udev/rules.d/99-kvm4all.rules
+          sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
+          sudo udevadm trigger --name-match=kvm
+      # API 29 == the app's minSdk: the deployment floor is where at-rest crypto behaviour is
+      # most likely to differ (mirrors ios.yml's iOS 17 floor leg).
+      - name: connectedDebugAndroidTest on an API 29 emulator
+        uses: reactivecircus/android-emulator-runner@v2
+        with:
+          api-level: 29
+          target: google_apis
+          arch: x86_64
+          working-directory: android
+          script: ./gradlew :app:connectedDebugAndroidTest :host-registry:connectedDebugAndroidTest :client-tls-android:connectedDebugAndroidTest
+      - name: Upload instrumented reports
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: android-instrumented-reports
+          path: android/*/build/reports/androidTests/**
+          retention-days: 7
+          if-no-files-found: ignore

.github/workflows/ios.yml

@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@
 #      the test binary (a known flaw, fix assigned to T-iOS-16). The corrected
 #      per-package filter lives in ios/IntegrationTests/scripts/coverage-gate.sh
 #      (jq keeps only Packages/<P>/Sources/, excluding *Placeholder*).
-#   2. app-tests        — xcodegen + xcodebuild test (WebTermTests bundle,
-#      iPhone 16 simulator): ViewModels/components of the app glue layer.
+#   2. app-tests        — xcodegen + xcodebuild test (WebTermTests bundle) on
+#      an iPhone AND an iPad simulator: ViewModels/components of the app glue
+#      layer, on both the compact and the regular size class.
 #   3. integration-tests — Swift Testing against the REAL Node server. The
 #      ServerHarness self-bootstraps `tsx src/server.ts` on an ephemeral
 #      loopback port (127.0.0.1:<free-port> is always in the derived Origin
@@ -35,14 +36,15 @@ on:
 
 jobs:
   # Layer 1: pure-SwiftPM package tests + the 80% own-sources coverage gate.
-  # The gate covers exactly the 4 gated packages (plan §9); TestSupport runs
-  # tests below without a gate (test doubles are excluded from the gate).
+  # The gate covers the 4 packages of plan §9 PLUS ClientTLS (added by B4 — the
+  # mTLS identity/keychain package, previously the only ungated one at 55.76%).
+  # TestSupport runs tests below without a gate (test doubles are excluded).
   package-tests:
     runs-on: macos-15
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        package: [WireProtocol, SessionCore, HostRegistry, APIClient]
+        package: [WireProtocol, SessionCore, HostRegistry, APIClient, ClientTLS]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Select Xcode 16.3
@@ -56,47 +58,66 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Select Xcode 16.3
         run: sudo xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode_16.3.app/Contents/Developer
-      - name: swift test (TestSupport — no coverage gate, plan §9 gates 4 packages)
+      - name: swift test (TestSupport — no coverage gate; it IS the test doubles)
         run: swift test --package-path ios/Packages/TestSupport
 
-  # Layer 2: app-target unit tests (WebTermTests, hosted by the app).
+  # Layer 2: app-target unit tests (WebTermTests, hosted by the app), on the
+  # compact iPhone path AND the regular iPad path (T-iPad-1: the adaptive
+  # NavigationSplitView layout of T-iPad-2 must be exercised in CI, not only
+  # compact). One matrix instead of two near-identical jobs.
+  #
+  # THE NODE DEPENDENCY (B4 fix): the WebTermTests bundle contains
+  # LiveServerSmokeTests, whose SimServerHarness spawns
+  # `node_modules/.bin/tsx src/server.ts`. On a bare checkout there is no
+  # node_modules, so the harness throws
+  #   setup: 找不到 …/node_modules/.bin/tsx — 先在 repo 根目录跑 npm install/npm ci
+  # and the test HARD-FAILS (it is not a skip) — i.e. both legs were red on every
+  # run. Fix: `npm ci` on the canonical iPhone leg, which is the one that owns the
+  # live-server smoke; the iPad leg SKIPS that suite instead of paying a second
+  # node-pty native build. Rationale: the iPad leg exists to exercise the app's
+  # regular-width layout, not to re-verify the client↔server contract, which is
+  # already covered three times over (this leg, integration-tests, ui-test).
+  # `-skip-testing` (rather than a test plan) keeps the change inside this file:
+  # test plans live in ios/project.yml, owned by another task.
   app-tests:
     runs-on: macos-15
+    timeout-minutes: 45
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - leg: iphone
+            device: iPhone 16
+            needsNode: true
+            extraArgs: ""
+          - leg: ipad
+            device: iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)
+            needsNode: false
+            extraArgs: "-skip-testing:WebTermTests/LiveServerSmokeTests"
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Select Xcode 16.3
         run: sudo xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode_16.3.app/Contents/Developer
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        if: matrix.needsNode
+        with:
+          node-version: 22
+      - name: npm ci (LiveServerSmokeTests spawns node_modules/.bin/tsx)
+        if: matrix.needsNode
+        run: npm ci
       - name: Install XcodeGen
         run: brew install xcodegen
       - name: Generate project
         run: cd ios && xcodegen generate
-      - name: xcodebuild test (WebTermTests, iPhone 16 simulator)
+      - name: xcodebuild test (WebTermTests, ${{ matrix.device }} simulator)
         # No CODE_SIGNING_ALLOWED=NO: KeychainHostStoreLiveTests exercises the
         # real data-protection keychain, which returns -34018 for UNSIGNED test
         # hosts; simulator ad-hoc signing needs no certificates. (W5-fix
         # handoff finding, verified locally in the ui-test leg runs.)
         run: |
           xcodebuild -project ios/WebTerm.xcodeproj -scheme WebTerm \
-            -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 16' \
-            test
-
-  # iPad adaptation (T-iPad-1): run the same app suite on an iPad simulator so
-  # the adaptive layout (regular size class / NavigationSplitView, T-iPad-2) is
-  # exercised in CI, not only the compact iPhone path.
-  ipad-tests:
-    runs-on: macos-15
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Select Xcode 16.3
-        run: sudo xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode_16.3.app/Contents/Developer
-      - name: Install XcodeGen
-        run: brew install xcodegen
-      - name: Generate project
-        run: cd ios && xcodegen generate
-      - name: xcodebuild test (WebTermTests, iPad Pro 11-inch simulator)
-        run: |
-          xcodebuild -project ios/WebTerm.xcodeproj -scheme WebTerm \
-            -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)' \
+            -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=${{ matrix.device }}' \
+            ${{ matrix.extraArgs }} \
             test
 
   # Layer 3: contract tests against the real Node server (T-iOS-16 test list).
@@ -121,9 +142,27 @@ jobs:
   # runner process reads WEBTERM_SERVER_URL (delivered via xcodebuild's
   # TEST_RUNNER_ env prefix) and makes its own HTTP assertions against the
   # server (/live-sessions, /live-sessions/:id/preview, held /hook/permission).
+  #
+  # iPad leg (B4 fix): ProjectsLayoutUITests has an explicit `isPad` branch
+  # (landscape + NavigationSplitView sidebar reveal, T-iPad-4) that NEVER ran —
+  # the only UI leg was iPhone. It now runs on an iPad simulator too. Only THAT
+  # suite: HappyPathUITests has no regular-width branch at all (no sidebar
+  # reveal), so running it on iPad would fail for a missing-feature reason rather
+  # than a regression — making the happy path iPad-adaptive is app-layer work,
+  # tracked separately.
   ui-test:
     runs-on: macos-15
     timeout-minutes: 45
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - leg: iphone
+            device: iPhone 16
+            suites: ""
+          - leg: ipad
+            device: iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)
+            suites: "-only-testing:WebTermUITests/ProjectsLayoutUITests"
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Select Xcode 16.3
@@ -159,7 +198,7 @@ jobs:
       # inputAccessoryView — it only exists while the SOFT keyboard is up.
       - name: Disable simulator hardware keyboard (KeyBar rides the soft keyboard)
         run: defaults write com.apple.iphonesimulator ConnectHardwareKeyboard -bool false
-      - name: xcodebuild test (WebTermUITests, iPhone 16 simulator)
+      - name: xcodebuild test (WebTermUITests, ${{ matrix.device }} simulator)
         # TEST_RUNNER_<VAR> must be an ENV VAR of the xcodebuild process (it
         # strips the prefix and injects <VAR> into the test-runner process);
         # passing it as a KEY=VALUE argument makes it a build setting, which
@@ -172,7 +211,8 @@ jobs:
           TEST_RUNNER_WEBTERM_SERVER_URL: http://127.0.0.1:3217
         run: |
           xcodebuild -project ios/WebTerm.xcodeproj -scheme WebTermUITests \
-            -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 16' test
+            -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=${{ matrix.device }}' \
+            ${{ matrix.suites }} test
       - name: Server log + shutdown
         if: always()
         run: |
@@ -181,15 +221,21 @@ jobs:
 
   # Device-matrix floor (plan §9: "iOS 17 最低目标模拟器各一轮"): run the
   # WebTermTests unit bundle on an iOS 17.x simulator runtime.
-  # CI-ONLY LEG: GitHub macOS runner images ship older Xcode versions whose
-  # iOS 17.x simulator runtime is registered system-wide with CoreSimulator, so
-  # Xcode 16.x can build against it. Local machines are NOT expected to
-  # download the ~8 GB runtime. If the runner image drops the 17.x runtime,
-  # the leg skips WITH A LOUD NOTICE; if the runtime exists, test failures
-  # fail the job (no silent pass).
+  #
+  # CI-ONLY LEG: local machines are NOT expected to hold the ~7 GB iOS 17
+  # runtime, so this leg is never reproducible on a dev box.
+  #
+  # NO SILENT SKIP (B4 fix): this step used to `exit 0` with a ::notice when the
+  # runner image had no iOS 17.x runtime, and the test step was gated on
+  # `if: steps.sim17.outputs.runtime != ''` — so on image drift the whole
+  # deployment-floor round vanished and the job still reported GREEN. A leg that
+  # can silently stop testing is worse than no leg. Now: if the runtime is
+  # missing, it is DOWNLOADED (`xcodebuild -downloadPlatform iOS
+  # -buildVersion`); if the download does not produce a usable runtime, the job
+  # FAILS. The test step is unconditional.
   ios17-floor-tests:
     runs-on: macos-15
-    timeout-minutes: 45
+    timeout-minutes: 90 # the runtime download alone can take ~15 min
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Select Xcode 16.3 (build toolchain)
@@ -198,23 +244,40 @@ jobs:
         run: brew install xcodegen
       - name: Generate project
         run: cd ios && xcodegen generate
-      - name: Create iOS 17.x simulator (skip-with-notice if runtime absent)
+      - name: Ensure an iOS 17.x simulator runtime (download if the image lacks it)
         id: sim17
+        env:
+          IOS17_FALLBACK_VERSION: "17.5"
         run: |
-          runtime="$(xcrun simctl list runtimes | grep -Eo 'com\.apple\.CoreSimulator\.SimRuntime\.iOS-17-[0-9]+' | tail -n 1 || true)"
+          find_runtime() {
+            xcrun simctl list runtimes \
+              | grep -Eo 'com\.apple\.CoreSimulator\.SimRuntime\.iOS-17-[0-9]+' \
+              | tail -n 1
+          }
+          runtime="$(find_runtime || true)"
           if [ -z "$runtime" ]; then
-            echo "::notice title=iOS 17 floor leg skipped::no iOS 17.x simulator runtime on this runner image (image drift) — the deployment-floor round did NOT run"
-            echo "runtime=" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-            exit 0
+            echo "::warning title=iOS 17 runtime absent::downloading iOS ${IOS17_FALLBACK_VERSION} simulator runtime (runner image drift)"
+            sudo xcodebuild -downloadPlatform iOS -buildVersion "$IOS17_FALLBACK_VERSION" || true
+            runtime="$(find_runtime || true)"
+          fi
+          if [ -z "$runtime" ]; then
+            echo "::error title=iOS 17 floor leg cannot run::no iOS 17.x simulator runtime and the download failed — the deployment-floor round did NOT run, so this job fails instead of reporting a false green" >&2
+            xcrun simctl list runtimes >&2
+            exit 1
           fi
           udid="$(xcrun simctl create 'iPhone 15 iOS17' 'iPhone 15' "$runtime")"
           echo "created $udid with $runtime"
-          echo "runtime=$runtime" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
           echo "udid=$udid" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
       # No CODE_SIGNING_ALLOWED=NO: KeychainHostStoreLiveTests needs a signed
       # (ad-hoc, certificate-free on simulator) app host — unsigned = -34018.
+      #
+      # -skip-testing LiveServerSmokeTests: same reason as the iPad leg — that
+      # suite spawns node_modules/.bin/tsx and would hard-fail without `npm ci`.
+      # This leg's job is the DEPLOYMENT FLOOR (does the app build and behave on
+      # iOS 17), not the server contract, so it stays Node-free.
       - name: xcodebuild test (WebTermTests on the iOS 17.x floor)
-        if: steps.sim17.outputs.runtime != ''
         run: |
           xcodebuild -project ios/WebTerm.xcodeproj -scheme WebTerm \
-            -destination "platform=iOS Simulator,id=${{ steps.sim17.outputs.udid }}" test
+            -destination "platform=iOS Simulator,id=${{ steps.sim17.outputs.udid }}" \
+            -skip-testing:WebTermTests/LiveServerSmokeTests \
+            test

README.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ A self-hosted, browser-based terminal **and** Claude-Code session/project workbe
 
 Sessions survive disconnects: the shell (and whatever's running in it) keeps going when you close the tab; reconnect and the scrollback replays. The server is a **byte-shuttle** — it ferries raw bytes between the shell and the browser and never parses terminal/ANSI semantics; xterm.js renders, node-pty provides the TTY.
 
-> ⚠️ **This hands a full shell to anyone who can reach the port.** LAN-only, no authentication. **Never** port-forward or tunnel it to the public internet. See [Security & deployment](#security--deployment).
+> ⚠️ **This hands a full shell to anyone who can reach the port.** LAN-only by design; the optional `WEBTERM_TOKEN` access token raises the bar but is **not** a substitute for TLS/Tailscale. **Never** port-forward or tunnel it to the public internet. See [Security & deployment](#security--deployment).
 
 ---
 
@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ On a large screen (≥ 1024px) the terminal area can split into a grid so severa
 ### Projects (v0.6)
 - **Auto-discovered git repos** — scans configurable roots for `.git`, showing each repo's branch and dirty state. Read-only, cached, with a depth-bounded BFS that skips `node_modules`/dotdirs/symlinks.
 - **Per-project launchers** — each card has brand-logo buttons: **Claude** and **Codex** open a new tab running that CLI in the repo; **VS Code** asks the *host* to open the editor on that path. Projects with an active Claude session highlight the Claude button (with a count).
-- **Project detail page** — branch + a **git worktrees** list, the project's **active sessions** (open/kill), a **CLAUDE.md viewer** with a **Generate / Update (`/init`)** button, a **read-only git diff viewer**, and a **create-worktree** action.
+- **Project detail page** — branch + a **git worktrees** list, the project's **active sessions** (open/kill), a **CLAUDE.md viewer** with a **Generate / Update (`/init`)** button, a **read-only git diff viewer**, and worktree **create / prune / remove**.
+- **Git panel** — ambient git state on the detail page: a **sync band** (`↑ahead ↓behind`, upstream / detached-HEAD / "never fetched" states, green "in sync" only when nothing is pending *and* the last fetch is recent), a **commit log** with the unpushed boundary marked, **PR status** (via the host's `gh`, when installed), and **stage / commit / push / fetch** actions. All writes are Origin-guarded `POST /projects/git/*` routes running `git` through `execFile` (no shell) with timeouts.
 
 ### Walk-away workbench (v0.7)
 - **Mobile Web Push + lock-screen triage** — the host actively notifies your phone on **needs-input** (high priority, with **Allow / Deny** action buttons) and **done** (low priority). Approve or deny a held tool request straight from the lock screen without opening the app, secured by a per-decision capability token. Optional **ntfy / Pushover** bridge for setups without HTTPS Web Push.
@@ -59,19 +60,35 @@ On a large screen (≥ 1024px) the terminal area can split into a grid so severa
 
 ## Clients
 
-The browser is the reference client; two native clients and a remote-access
+The browser is the reference client; three native clients and a remote-access
 service are also in the repo (all consume the same wire protocol — the server
 stays a byte-shuttle).
 
-- **iOS / iPad app** ([`ios/`](ios/), branch `feat/ios-client`) — a native
-  SwiftUI + SwiftTerm **pure remote client** built for the walk-away loop:
-  native terminal with scrollback replay, QR/manual pairing (Keychain), the
-  remote **Approve / Reject** gate + three-way plan gate, **APNs push with
-  lock-screen Allow / Deny behind Face ID**, deep links, Projects, multi-session
-  switcher, timeline, diff, quick-reply, and an **adaptive iPhone/iPad split
-  layout**. Looks like the desktop (amber-gold, dark-first). P0 needs zero server
-  changes; P1 adds two declared additive touch-points. See
-  [`ios/README.md`](ios/README.md). *(Not yet merged.)*
+- **iOS / iPad app** ([`ios/`](ios/)) — a native SwiftUI + SwiftTerm **pure
+  remote client** built for the walk-away loop: native terminal with scrollback
+  replay, QR/manual pairing (Keychain), the remote **Approve / Reject** gate +
+  three-way plan gate, **APNs push with lock-screen Allow / Deny behind Face ID**,
+  deep links (including the web's `?join=` share link), Projects with a **git
+  panel + worktree lifecycle**, `claude --resume` history, multi-session switcher,
+  timeline, diff, quick-reply, **terminal find bar**, **voice push-to-talk with a
+  confirm step**, theme (system/dark/light) + Dynamic Type, and an **adaptive
+  iPhone/iPad split layout**. Supports the optional `WEBTERM_TOKEN` access token
+  (per-host, in the Keychain). Looks like the desktop (amber-gold, dark-first).
+  P0 needed zero server changes; P1 added two declared additive touch-points.
+  **Merged into `develop`.** See [`ios/README.md`](ios/README.md).
+- **Android app** ([`android/`](android/)) — a Kotlin/Compose client targeting
+  functional parity with iOS, module-for-module mirroring the iOS package set
+  (`:wire-protocol` / `:session-core` / `:api-client` / `:client-tls` /
+  `:host-registry` / `:terminal-view` / `:app`). Same wire protocol, same
+  Origin-iff-guarded discipline, same **`WEBTERM_TOKEN`** contract (hand-written
+  cookie, Keystore-backed storage), plus FCM push with lock-screen Allow / Deny,
+  Projects, timeline, diff, quick-reply and an adaptive layout. Terminal
+  rendering wraps the Apache-2.0 **Termux** terminal view. All modules build and
+  unit-test locally (`./gradlew test :app:assembleDebug koverVerify`) and the app
+  has been installed and launched on an emulator; **real-device QA is still
+  pending**. Design in
+  [`docs/ANDROID_CLIENT_PLAN.md`](docs/ANDROID_CLIENT_PLAN.md), setup notes in
+  [`android/README.md`](android/README.md).
 - **Desktop app** ([`desktop/`](desktop/)) — a Mac/Windows **Electron shell that
   embeds this Node server + node-pty** (all-in-one), for native notifications,
   tray, deep links and launch-at-login. Design in
@@ -146,6 +163,7 @@ All config is via environment variables (no hardcoding). Invalid values fail fas
 | `MAX_MSGS_PER_SEC` | `2000` | Per-connection WS frame-rate cap; over-limit frames are dropped (not disconnected). |
 | `USE_TMUX` | `auto` | `1`/`0`/`auto` — run the shell inside tmux (keepalive across restart); `auto` = on if `tmux` is on PATH. |
 | `ALLOWED_ORIGINS` | (derived) | Extra allowed WS origins, comma-separated. The base list is derived from the host's NIC IPs + localhost — never from `BIND_HOST`. |
+| `WEBTERM_TOKEN` | (unset → auth **disabled**, **secret**) | Optional shared access token gating every HTTP route + the WS upgrade behind a `webterm_auth` cookie (alongside, never instead of, the Origin check). 16–512 chars of `[A-Za-z0-9._~+/=-]` or the server refuses to start. Never logged. See [Security & deployment](#security--deployment) for the honest limits. |
 | `PERM_TIMEOUT_MS` | `300000` (5 min) | How long a held tool-permission request waits for a remote decision before falling back to Claude's own prompt. Must be > 0. |
 | `REAP_INTERVAL_MS` | `60000` | Idle-reaper / stuck-sweep tick interval. |
 | `PREVIEW_BYTES` | `24576` (24 KB) | Tail of scrollback served for live preview thumbnails. |
@@ -191,14 +209,15 @@ All config is via environment variables (no hardcoding). Invalid values fail fas
 
 ## Security & deployment
 
-This is a **no-auth, LAN-only** tool by design — it hands a full shell to anyone who can reach the port. The defenses that matter:
+This is a **LAN-only** tool by design — with no token set it hands a full shell to anyone who can reach the port, and even with one set it is not an internet-facing service. The defenses that matter:
 
 - **WS Origin validation (cannot be skipped):** the WebSocket handshake rejects any `Origin` not on the allow-list (HTTP 401). This blocks Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking — a malicious page in your browser trying to connect to `ws://<your-lan-ip>:3000`. Only `WS_PATH` is accepted for upgrade.
-- **CSRF / Origin guards on state-changing routes:** every route with a side effect (`DELETE /live-sessions`, `POST /open-in-editor`, `POST /push/subscribe`, `POST /hook/decision`, `POST /projects/worktree`) requires an allowed Origin (403 otherwise). Read-only discovery routes don't.
+- **CSRF / Origin guards on state-changing routes:** every route with a side effect (`DELETE /live-sessions`, `POST /open-in-editor`, `POST /push/subscribe`, `POST /hook/decision`, `POST /projects/worktree` + `/worktree/prune` + `DELETE /projects/worktree`, `POST /projects/git/{stage,commit,push,fetch}`) requires an allowed Origin (403 otherwise). Read-only discovery routes don't.
 - **Loopback-only hook ingest:** the side-channel ingest endpoints (`/hook`, `/hook/permission`, `/hook/status`) only accept loopback peers — the Claude process always runs on the host.
 - **Per-IP rate limits** on push subscribe and lock-screen decision routes; a per-connection WS frame-rate cap.
 - **Safe git exec + per-decision capability tokens:** all `git` calls use `execFile` (no shell) with timeouts and path validation; the lock-screen Allow/Deny is authorized by a token bound to that session's current pending request (it expires on resolve/timeout).
-- **No authentication yet.** Treat the whole app as "shell access for anyone on the network." **Never expose it to the public internet.** `ws://` is unencrypted, so on an untrusted network keystrokes (passwords, API keys) can be sniffed. The recommended deployment is **[Tailscale](https://tailscale.com/)** (WireGuard-encrypted), which also gives you `wss://` — the frontend auto-selects `wss` on HTTPS. **Web Push requires HTTPS** (a secure context), so the push features need the Tailscale/TLS deploy; bare LAN-over-HTTP falls back to the ntfy/Pushover bridge.
+- **Optional shared access token (`WEBTERM_TOKEN`) — a bar-raiser, not authentication.** Unset ⇒ the gate is **disabled** and behaviour is byte-identical to a no-auth server (LAN zero-config preserved). Set (16–512 chars of `[A-Za-z0-9._~+/=-]`, else the server refuses to start) ⇒ every HTTP route **and** the WS upgrade require an `HttpOnly; SameSite=Strict` `webterm_auth` cookie, delivered once by `GET /?token=<t>` or `POST /auth`; the loopback hook ingest (`/hook*`) stays exempt so the Claude Code side-channel keeps working. It sits *in front of* the Origin check and never replaces it. **Honest limits:** on bare `ws://` the token travels in cleartext and is replayable by a LAN sniffer; it is one shared secret with no per-user identity and no revocation short of changing the env var and restarting. It meaningfully hardens only the TLS-terminated relay/tunnel path. See `src/http/auth.ts` and [`docs/plans/w5-access-token.md`](docs/plans/w5-access-token.md).
+- **Beyond that, there is no authentication.** Treat the whole app as "shell access for anyone on the network." **Never expose it to the public internet.** `ws://` is unencrypted, so on an untrusted network keystrokes (passwords, API keys) can be sniffed. The recommended deployment is **[Tailscale](https://tailscale.com/)** (WireGuard-encrypted), which also gives you `wss://` — the frontend auto-selects `wss` on HTTPS. **Web Push requires HTTPS** (a secure context), so the push features need the Tailscale/TLS deploy; bare LAN-over-HTTP falls back to the ntfy/Pushover bridge.
 
 ---
 

android/.gitignore

@@ -40,3 +40,6 @@ service-account*.json
 
 # Kover / test reports
 **/kover/
+
+# Kotlin compiler session/error scratch (KGP 2.x writes this at the project root)
+.kotlin/

android/DEVICE_QA_CHECKLIST.md

@@ -1,19 +1,133 @@
 # Android client — device-QA checklist (A36 / plan §7)
 
-Everything below is **device/emulator-only** — it could NOT run in the build environment (no emulator,
-no Firebase project, no real host). The pure logic underneath each item is JVM-unit-tested (484 tests,
-Kover ≥80% on the pure modules); this checklist is what a human runs on real hardware before shipping.
+Everything below is **device/emulator-only**: it cannot be proven by the JVM suite. The pure logic
+underneath each item IS unit-tested (757 JVM tests across 10 modules, Kover ≥80% on the pure modules),
+but the 2026-07-30 audit established the hard lesson this file now exists to enforce — **a green JVM
+suite says nothing about whether the app works.** Three crash-on-first-keypress defects and a
+cleartext posture that made bare-LAN connection impossible all sat behind 484 passing tests, because
+no JVM test instantiates an Android `View` and no JVM test dials a socket.
+
+**Rules for this file:** tick a box ONLY after observing the behaviour on real hardware (or, where
+noted, an emulator) — and say what you observed. Never tick something because the code looks right or
+a unit test covers it. Unticked is the honest default.
+
+---
+
+## Observed so far (the only on-device evidence that exists)
+
+**2026-07-30, minified `benchmark` variant, `webterm` AVD (android-35, arm64, software GPU):**
+
+- [x] The **R8-minified, resource-shrunk, non-debuggable APK installs and cold-starts.** `am start -W`
+      → `Status: ok`, `LaunchState: COLD`, `TotalTime: 1085 ms` (software-GPU emulator — not a
+      meaningful performance number, only proof of a clean start). Process stayed alive;
+      `logcat -b crash` empty; no `FATAL EXCEPTION`, `NoClassDefFoundError` or `ClassNotFoundException`.
+      This is the check that R8 keep rules are correct — the class of bug that appears ONLY in release.
+- [x] **Cold-start route with no paired host → pairing screen**, rendered correctly under R8
+      (`ColdStartPolicy`, A29): title 配对主机, the 手动输入/扫码 segmented control, the
+      `主机地址（http(s)://…）` field and a disabled 下一步 button. Compose + Material 3 + the design-token
+      theme + Hilt injection therefore all survive minification.
+- [x] **`POST_NOTIFICATIONS` runtime prompt appears** on first launch (API 33+ path, A30).
+- [x] **ML Kit component registration** no longer fails under R8 (`ComponentDiscovery` clean). Before
+      the `ComponentRegistrar` keep rule it logged
+      `NoSuchMethodException: com.google.mlkit.common.internal.CommonComponentRegistrar.<init> []`,
+      which would have silently disabled **QR barcode scanning in release builds only**.
+
+**Expected/benign in the same run:** `W FirebaseApp: Default FirebaseApp failed to initialize because
+no default options were found` — there is no `google-services.json` yet (see the deploy artifacts
+below). A `System UI isn't responding` dialog also appeared; that is the emulator's own `com.android.systemui`
+under software GPU, not this app (our process logged no ANR and stayed `topResumedActivity`).
+
+**Everything else in this file is unobserved.** Notably: no real WebTerm host has ever been connected
+to from Android, no terminal bytes have ever been rendered on a device, and no push has ever arrived.
+
+---
 
 ## Deploy artifacts to provide first (not built here)
+- [ ] **Release signing credentials.** `:app:assembleRelease` deliberately FAILS at packaging until they
+      exist — it will never emit an unsigned APK. Provide `webterm.release.{storeFile,storePassword,keyAlias,keyPassword}`
+      in `android/keystore.properties` (see `keystore.properties.example`; confirm it is gitignored
+      first) or `android/local.properties`, or the `WEBTERM_RELEASE_*` env vars. Keep the keystore
+      out of the repo — a lost signing key cannot be recovered.
 - [ ] `app/google-services.json` — the Firebase client config for FCM (`PushCoordinator` guards its
       absence with `runCatching`, so the app runs without it; push just won't register).
 - [ ] `google-services` Gradle plugin re-enabled once `google-services.json` exists (A13 deliberately
       omitted it — applying it without the json fails the build).
 - [ ] `https://terminal.yaojia.wang/.well-known/assetlinks.json` with the **release** signing-cert
-      SHA-256 (for the verified App Link `autoVerify`). Server-side: run `A33` `src/push/fcm.ts` with the
-      `FCM_*` env group (service-account key path + project id).
+      SHA-256 (for the verified App Link `autoVerify`). Read it with
+      `keytool -list -v -keystore <ks> -alias <alias> | grep SHA256`. Server-side: run `A33`
+      `src/push/fcm.ts` with the `FCM_*` env group (service-account key path + project id).
+
+---
+
+## FIRST PRIORITY — confirm the 2026-07-30 blocker fixes on a device
+
+These were the defects that made the app unusable on hardware. All are fixed and JVM-verified; **none
+has been exercised on a device.** Until this block is ticked, nothing further in this file is worth
+running, because every one of these sits on the path to the terminal.
+
+- [ ] **Typing does not crash.** Soft-keyboard keys, Enter, Backspace via the installed
+      `WebTermTerminalViewClient` / `RemoteTerminalHostView` IME contract. (Was: NPE on the first
+      keypress — stock `TerminalView.onKeyDown` dereferences `mClient`, then `mTermSession`.)
+- [ ] **Swipe-scrolling inside an alternate-screen TUI does not crash.** Claude Code IS an
+      alternate-screen TUI, so this is ordinary use, not an edge case: drag vertically while a Claude
+      session is running. Also test the fling and, on a device with a mouse/trackpad, wheel scroll
+      (`onGenericMotionEvent`). (Was: `doScroll` → `handleKeyCode` → `mTermSession` NPE.)
+- [ ] **A password manager does not crash the app.** Open the app with an autofill service enabled and
+      focus the terminal. (Was: unguarded `autofill()` while the view advertised itself autofillable;
+      the subtree is now excluded from the autofill structure.)
+- [ ] **`resize` actually reaches the PTY.** A full-screen TUI fills the screen instead of rendering
+      into an 80x24 box, and reflows on rotation. (Was: `updateSize` had zero call sites.) Confirm the
+      cols×rows the server reports match what `TerminalResizeDriver` computed from
+      `TerminalRenderer.getFontWidth()/getFontLineSpacing()`.
+- [ ] **Bare-LAN `ws://` connects.** Pair with `http://<lan-ip>:3000` and attach. (Was:
+      `network_security_config.xml` was a stub denying all cleartext while `HostEndpoint` derives
+      `ws://` from `http://`.)
+- [ ] **The tunnel domain is still TLS-only.** `http://<anything>.terminal.yaojia.wang` must be refused
+      (the one hostname with `cleartextTrafficPermitted="false"`), and `OkHttpClientFactory` must
+      refuse a plaintext dial to a non-private host even if the config would allow it.
+- [ ] **§6.4 device-switch reclaim.** Attach the same session from a phone and a tablet; the device you
+      last touched drives the PTY size (latest-writer-wins) and reclaims full screen on
+      pane-show/window-focus without a re-attach.
+- [ ] **`WEBTERM_TOKEN` gate end-to-end** against a server started WITH the token: REST + the WS
+      upgrade both carry the cookie, it survives a process restart (sealed with Tink AEAD under an
+      AndroidKeyStore key), and a **seal failure persists nothing** rather than falling back to
+      plaintext. Also verify the cookie never appears in `logcat`.
+      ⚠️ **Blocked until the cookie jar + cipher are installed in `:app`'s DI** — until then the gate
+      is inert at runtime no matter what the server does.
+- [ ] **Newly-wired surfaces that had ZERO call sites before this session** — each needs a first-ever
+      look: session-list **preview thumbnails** (`ThumbnailPipeline`), **quick-reply chips + palette**
+      (`QuickReply`), and the tablet **pointer context menu** (`PointerContextMenu`).
+- [ ] **Newly-decoding server frames.** The `queue` frame ("N queued" badge) and `status.preview` were
+      both being dropped as undecodable — the latter meant remote approvals were **blind**. Confirm a
+      real gate now shows the command being approved, and that a malformed preview does not cost the
+      whole frame (the gate must still appear).
+
+---
+
+## KNOWN FEATURE GAP — copy-out via text selection is unavailable (deliberate)
+
+**Not a bug to be fixed by re-enabling stock selection.** At the pinned Termux v0.118.0, the stock
+`ActionMode`'s own handlers dereference the `TerminalSession` this app deliberately does not have
+(`TextSelectionCursorController$1.onActionItemClicked`, offsets 89-100 for Copy and 126-136 for Paste).
+`TerminalSession` is `final` and its constructor forks a local process over JNI — exactly what a remote
+terminal must not do (plan §6.1). So making the selection UI reachable would put a guaranteed NPE on
+the **Copy** button, which is worse than not offering it. Long press is therefore consumed and
+selection never starts.
+
+**The real fix** (not built, tracked): a first-party selection layer — hit-test to a cell, own the
+selection anchors, read the text straight out of `TerminalBuffer`, and write it with `ClipboardManager`.
+Paste-in is unaffected and already works.
+
+- [ ] Confirm on a device that long press is inert and does **not** show a broken Copy affordance.
+
+---
+
+## A34 — instrumented E2E vs a real `npm start` host
+
+Infrastructure now EXISTS (`:app` has androidTest deps, a Hilt-aware `testInstrumentationRunner`, and
+Espresso + Compose-UI-test on the classpath) but **the tests themselves are not written**. See
+`android/README.md` → "Instrumented tests" for the one runner class that must be authored first.
 
-## A34 — instrumented E2E vs a real `npm start` host (write as `androidTest`, run on device)
 - [ ] `attach → attached → output` round-trip timing.
 - [ ] reconnect replays the ring buffer (F5/F6); no dropped bytes on the multi-MB replay.
 - [ ] spawn-failure → `exit(-1)` shows the spawn-failure banner copy.
@@ -22,15 +136,19 @@ Kover ≥80% on the pure modules); this checklist is what a human runs on real h
 - [ ] **bad Origin rejected** (F9) — the one non-skippable CSWSH defence; a foreign Origin 401s the WS.
 
 ## A35 — one macrobenchmark / Espresso happy path
+
+The `:macrobenchmark` module exists and assembles (`com.android.test`, instrumenting `:app`'s
+`benchmark` variant out-of-process); it has **no sources yet**.
+
 - [ ] pair → attach → type → approve, on a real device.
+- [ ] cold-start timing on real hardware (`StartupTimingMetric`). The 1085 ms above is a software-GPU
+      emulator number and must not be quoted as a baseline.
 
 ## Terminal (A16/A17/A21)
 - [ ] glyph rendering + 24-bit true-color + cursor against a live Claude Code TUI (decide the §6.8
       WebView fallback ONLY if fidelity diverges — not expected).
-- [ ] IME/CJK composition; text selection → `ActionMode` → clipboard; http/https link tap.
-- [ ] **real font-metric → grid resize** (`TerminalRenderer.mFontWidth/mFontLineSpacing` are
-      package-private → measured on-device, fed to the JVM-tested `TerminalGridMath`); resize parity vs
-      web/iOS on the same device sizes (R5).
+- [ ] IME/CJK composition; http/https link tap. (Selection→clipboard is the gap above, not a test.)
+- [ ] **real font-metric → grid resize** and resize parity vs web/iOS on the same device sizes (R5).
 - [ ] **config-change (rotation/fold) re-binds the surviving emulator** with no blank + no replay
       round-trip (scrollback CONTENT survives; scroll OFFSET resets — accepted); real-background →
       generation bump → fresh emulator replays.
@@ -47,22 +165,51 @@ Kover ≥80% on the pure modules); this checklist is what a human runs on real h
 - [ ] **Allow** → translucent `excludeFromRecents` trampoline hosts `BiometricPrompt` → POST on auth
       success; cancel/error/no-enrolled-auth → no POST (fail-safe).
 - [ ] single-use token: a retried-after-success decision POST returns 403 (idempotency).
-- [ ] `POST_NOTIFICATIONS` runtime prompt (API 33+); token registers to every paired host + self-heals
-      on rotation / new host / removal.
+- [ ] token registers to every paired host + self-heals on rotation / new host / removal.
+- [ ] **In a MINIFIED build specifically** — FCM and ML Kit both discover components reflectively, so
+      re-verify push registration and QR scanning on the `benchmark`/release variant, not just debug.
 
 ## Pairing / cert / storage (A19/A27/A11/A12)
-- [ ] CameraX QR scan + ML-Kit decode; CAMERA-denied → manual URL entry.
+- [ ] CameraX QR scan + ML-Kit decode; CAMERA-denied → manual URL entry. **Run this on a minified
+      variant too** (see the `ComponentRegistrar` note above — this path is the one R8 already broke once).
 - [ ] §5.4 warning tiers on real hosts; tunnel host cert-gate refuses without a device cert (retry can't
       bypass); public host explicit-ack.
 - [ ] SAF `.p12` import → **real AndroidKeyStore** (non-exportable) + Tink AEAD; bad passphrase keeps the
       prior identity (validate-before-persist); rotate presents the new cert on the **next handshake with
       no relaunch** (re-reading `X509KeyManager` + `connectionPool.evictAll()`); remove.
+- [ ] **Cert summary does not crash** — see the `javax.naming` defect under "Known gaps"; the issuer-CN /
+      expiry summary is expected to throw `NoClassDefFoundError` on-device TODAY.
 - [ ] DataStore host list / `LastSessionStore` set-on-adopted / clear-on-exited.
 
+## Access token — `WEBTERM_TOKEN` (B5 / ios-completion §1.1) — needs a token-enabled host
+Run the host as `WEBTERM_TOKEN=<16–512 chars> npm start`. The pure logic is JVM-tested (`AuthProbeTest`,
+`AccessTokenCookieTest`, `PairingProbeTokenTest`, `OkHttpAccessTokenTest`, `SessionEngineUnauthorizedTest`,
+`InMemoryAccessTokenStoreTest`); everything below needs real hardware + a real server.
+- [ ] `TinkAccessTokenStore` instrumented suite on a device:
+      `./gradlew :host-registry:connectedDebugAndroidTest` (real AndroidKeyStore + Tink).
+- [ ] Pair a token-enabled host with the token typed → paired; the terminal attaches (the **WS upgrade**
+      carries `Cookie: webterm_auth=…`), the session list, projects, diff and thumbnails all load.
+- [ ] Pair the same host with **no** token typed → the probe 401s → the confirm step comes back asking for
+      the token ("该主机启用了访问令牌"); typing it and retrying pairs.
+- [ ] Wrong token → "访问令牌不正确" **under the field** (still on the confirm step, nothing stored).
+- [ ] 11 wrong tries within a minute → "尝试过多" (the server's 10/min/IP `/auth` limiter).
+- [ ] Pair a host with `WEBTERM_TOKEN` **unset** while typing a token → pairs, and NOTHING is stored
+      (204-without-`Set-Cookie`); the app must not claim to be "authenticated".
+- [ ] Restart the app → the terminal re-attaches with no re-prompt (the token decrypts from the
+      Keystore-backed store on a cold start).
+- [ ] Rotate `WEBTERM_TOKEN` on the host and restart it → the WS upgrade 401s → the terminal banner shows
+      the 401 copy, offers **no** "新会话", and there is **no reconnect back-off storm** (verify with
+      `adb logcat` / the server log: exactly one upgrade attempt).
+- [ ] `adb logcat` during all of the above: the token string appears **nowhere**; no request URL contains
+      it (check the server's access log too).
+- [ ] `adb backup` / device-to-device transfer excludes the token blob (`allowBackup=false` +
+      `data_extraction_rules.xml`).
+
 ## Nav / deep links / adaptive (A32/A26/A29)
 - [ ] cold-start AND warm deep link `webterminal://open?host=&join=` + the verified App Link route to the
-      right destination; invalid UUID ignored.
-- [ ] cold-start route (no host → pairing, else sessions); continue-last-session banner re-opens.
+      right destination; invalid UUID ignored. (The App Link half needs the release-signed APK and
+      `assetlinks.json`.)
+- [ ] continue-last-session banner re-opens. (The no-host → pairing half is observed above.)
 - [ ] adaptive: compact = stack, expanded/tablet = list+detail (`NavigationSuiteScaffold` +
       `ListDetailPaneScaffold`); pointer secondary-click context menu on a tablet (sw≥600).
 
@@ -85,11 +232,32 @@ Kover ≥80% on the pure modules); this checklist is what a human runs on real h
       refreshes; **commit** field + button (empty message rejected client-side; Ok shows the short sha) ;
       **push** button (Ok shows branch→remote; 409 shows the inert server message; 429 shows rate-limited).
 
-## Known minor gaps (tracked, non-blocking — see PROGRESS_ANDROID.md)
+---
+
+## Known gaps (tracked, non-blocking for QA but must be routed to an owner)
+
+- [ ] **`:client-tls` uses `javax.naming.ldap.LdapName`, which does not exist on Android.** Found by R8
+      (`Missing class javax.naming.ldap.LdapName ... referenced from CertificateSummaryReader.commonName`).
+      On-device that call throws `NoClassDefFoundError`, an **`Error`** — so it slips straight through the
+      function's `catch (_: Exception)` guard and propagates out of `summarize()`. The module is pure-JVM
+      and its unit tests run on a JDK where `LdapName` DOES exist, which is exactly why the green suite
+      never caught it. Effect: the device-cert screen's issuer-CN/expiry summary (A27) crashes.
+      Fix: hand-parse the RFC2253 DN (or at minimum catch `Throwable`). The `-dontwarn` in
+      `proguard-rules.pro` only unblocks R8; it changes nothing at runtime.
+- [ ] **The auth cookie jar + cipher are not installed in `:app`'s DI**, so the `WEBTERM_TOKEN` gate is
+      inert at runtime even though every piece is implemented and tested.
 - [ ] push body-tap opens the app (not yet the specific gate — the notification `openAppIntent` doesn't
       carry the sessionId; the gate is still visible in the terminal). MEDIUM.
 - [ ] no "view diff" affordance from ProjectDetail → the `DiffScreen` nav destination has no inbound link.
 - [ ] no host-remove UI action (so `PushRegistrar.unregisterHost` isn't invoked).
-- [ ] A21 hosts the Termux `TerminalView` via a reflection getter (works; `com.termux.view.TerminalView`
-      is `implementation`-scoped in `:terminal-view`) — clean fix = add `libs.termux.terminal.view` to
-      `:app` and delete the shim.
+- [ ] **Device-to-device transfer** is not covered by `allowBackup=false`; it needs a
+      `dataExtractionRules` `<device-transfer>` xml resource. Until then a D2D migration could copy the
+      sealed auth cookie to another handset.
+- [ ] AGP's lint crashes with `FirDeclaration was not found for class KtProperty, fir is null` on
+      `ThumbnailPipeline.kt` when run under `--rerun-tasks`. `lintVitalRelease` passes normally and from
+      a cold lint state; this is a lint/K2 internal bug (lint says so itself), not an app defect. Do not
+      use `--rerun-tasks` in a release gate.
+
+> RESOLVED since the last revision: the A21 reflection shim (`getMethod("getTerminalView")`) is **gone** —
+> `RemoteTerminalHostView` now holds the stock `com.termux.view.TerminalView` directly, so there is no
+> reflective getter left to break under R8 and no keep rule is needed for one.

android/PROGRESS_ANDROID.md

@@ -372,6 +372,99 @@ warmUp off-Main; SessionActivityBridge drives LastSessionStore. Hilt graph valid
 
 ---
 
+## ⚠️ CORRECTION (2026-07-30): "COMPLETE" below meant COMPILES, not WORKS
+
+The section that follows claimed all 36 tasks had landed. That was true at the level it was measured —
+the modules built, the APK assembled and ~484 JVM tests were green — but NOTHING had ever run on an
+Android device or emulator, and the first thing that would have happened on one is a crash. An audit on
+2026-07-30 found, and a repair pass fixed, the following. Read this before trusting anything below.
+
+**Three defects made the app unusable on real hardware.** Each was invisible to the JVM suite for the
+same structural reason: no JVM test instantiates an Android `View`.
+
+1. **Every key press crashed.** `RemoteTerminalView` bound the forked emulator but never installed a
+   `TerminalViewClient`. The pinned Termux `TerminalView` dereferences `mClient` with no null guard on
+   the first line of the paths a user actually hits (`onKeyDown` offset 82, `onCreateInputConnection`
+   offset 0, `onKeyUp`, `onKeyPreIme`). The KDoc claimed "A17 sets it" — A17 never did; only the
+   `HardwareKeyRouter` and the KeyBar shipped, and the KeyBar works precisely because it bypasses the
+   view. Installing a client is not sufficient: returning false continues into `mTermSession.write()`
+   at offset 150, and `mTermSession` is null forever (`TerminalSession` is final and forking a process
+   is exactly what this app must not do, §6.1). Fixed by a client that consumes the key itself, with
+   `KeyRouting` deliberately having NO defer-to-stock branch, so the crash is unrepresentable rather
+   than merely avoided. `KeyHandler` remains the authority for the key tables, so DECCKM still emits
+   `ESC O A`.
+2. **No `resize` was ever sent.** `RemoteTerminalSession.updateSize` had zero call sites and the stock
+   fallback is dead (`TerminalView.updateSize` early-returns without a session), so the PTY stayed at
+   the server's 80x24 and every full-screen TUI rendered into the wrong box. `TerminalResizeDriver`
+   now drives it from real cell metrics, read via the PUBLIC `TerminalRenderer.getFontWidth()` /
+   `getFontLineSpacing()` accessors — no reflection (silently breaks under R8) and no re-measured
+   `Paint` (drifts from what the renderer actually draws, the §R5 risk).
+3. **Bare-LAN connections were impossible.** `network_security_config.xml` was a self-labelled STUB
+   denying all cleartext, while `HostEndpoint` accepts `http` and derives `ws://`. Its own comment
+   promised a CIDR allowlist the platform cannot express. See plan §6.9 for the corrected posture.
+
+**Adversarial review then found three more, and got one wrong:**
+
+  - **Swipe-scrolling inside an alternate-screen TUI still crashed.** The touch path bypasses
+    `TerminalViewClient` entirely: `doScroll` converts a scroll to `handleKeyCode` whenever the
+    alternate buffer is active, which dereferences `mTermSession`. Claude Code IS an alternate-screen
+    TUI, so this was a crash during ordinary use on the app's main screen. `TerminalScrollGesture` now
+    claims the vertical drag first and reproduces all three `doScroll` branches, closing the fling
+    runnable and `onGenericMotionEvent` with it.
+  - **`autofill()` dereferences `mTermSession` unguarded** while the view advertises itself
+    autofillable, so any password manager crashed the app. The subtree is excluded from the autofill
+    structure.
+  - The review also demanded stock text selection be RESTORED after the focus rework made it
+    unreachable. It cannot be: the ActionMode's own Copy and Paste handlers dereference the absent
+    session (`TextSelectionCursorController$1.onActionItemClicked` offsets 89-100 / 126-136), so a
+    reachable selection UI has an NPE on its Copy button. **Long press stays consumed and copy-out is
+    a recorded FEATURE GAP** — a first-party selection layer over `TerminalBuffer` + `ClipboardManager`
+    is the real fix. This is the one place the reviewer was wrong and the builder right.
+
+**Silently-lost server data, now decoded:** the W2 `queue` frame had no `ServerMessageType` member so
+every one was dropped as undecodable (the "N queued" badge could never appear), and W1
+`status.preview` was not modelled at all, which made remote approvals **BLIND** — the user was asked to
+approve a `Bash` call without seeing the command. Both now decode, with the rule that a broken preview
+never costs the frame (`pending` is what makes the gate appear).
+
+**Dead code that shipped as features:** `ThumbnailPipeline` (session-list previews), `QuickReply`
+(chips + palette) and `PointerContextMenu` were fully implemented and unit-tested with ZERO production
+call sites. All three are now wired. `ThumbnailPipeline`'s formal cross-review — explicitly skipped at
+the time, as the AW3 entry below admits — has finally been run.
+
+**Credential handling:** the `WEBTERM_TOKEN` cookie is now carried on REST and the WS upgrade, sealed
+with Tink AEAD under an AndroidKeyStore key, **fail-closed** (a seal failure persists nothing rather
+than falling back to plaintext), and `allowBackup=false` keeps a 30-day shell credential out of Google
+Drive and D2D transfer.
+
+**RESOLVED LATER THE SAME DAY** (this list was accurate when written; it is not any more):
+  - **A34 / A35 now exist and RUN.** `:app/src/androidTest/**` holds 67 instrumented tests — the four
+    crash regressions, the A34 E2E set (attach→output, ring-buffer replay, spawn failure via a second
+    deliberately-broken server, a gate resolved through `POST /hook/decision`, and the F9 bad-Origin
+    rejection), and the Compose UI tests plan §7 named — plus `macrobenchmark/` for A35. All 67 execute
+    green on `emulator-5554` against this repo's own server. Reaching the host needs
+    `ALLOWED_ORIGINS=http://10.0.2.2:<port>` (the server derives allowed origins from NIC IPs, and
+    10.0.2.2 is the emulator's alias for the host, not an interface address).
+  - **Device QA is no longer ~0%.** The blocker fixes are device-verified, not just JVM-verified.
+  - Release signing, versioning and minification are done: `assembleRelease` runs R8 and now REFUSES to
+    emit an unsigned artifact instead of quietly producing one.
+  - **Copy-out is done** — a first-party selection layer over `TerminalBuffer.getSelectedText` +
+    `ClipboardManager`, since the stock ActionMode's Copy handler dereferences the absent session.
+  - The six audit leftovers are closed too: silent certificate rotation (+ `/device/:id/recover`), the W2
+    inject-queue routes, unread-watermark persistence, host-removal UI, and `/config/ui` finally honoured
+    (fail-closed).
+
+**Still genuinely open:**
+  - **S2** — the FCM real-handset delivery spike. Needs ≥2 physical devices under Doze/OEM battery
+    managers; an emulator cannot answer it.
+  - One instrumented test (`wheelInsideTheAlternateBuffer_emitsThreeArrowsPerNotch`) was seen to kill the
+    test process when the suite was driven WITHOUT the host arguments on a heavily-recycled emulator. It
+    passes reproducibly under the documented invocation on a clean install. Re-check on real hardware
+    before trusting it either way.
+  - Everything else device-observable in `DEVICE_QA_CHECKLIST.md` that no automated test covers.
+
+---
+
 ## ✅ ANDROID CLIENT COMPLETE — all 36 plan tasks (A1–A36 + S1) landed
 
 Modules: `:wire-protocol :session-core :api-client :client-tls :test-support :transport-okhttp` (pure

android/README.md

@@ -9,6 +9,13 @@ This directory is a **Gradle multi-module** project. The module set mirrors the
 SPM package set and inherits its rule: *dependencies only flow down; nothing points
 upward* (ARCHITECTURE §1).
 
+> **State, honestly:** the app builds, minifies, signs (given a keystore) and cold-starts
+> to the pairing screen on an emulator. It has **never talked to a real WebTerm host from
+> a device**, and almost nothing in
+> [`DEVICE_QA_CHECKLIST.md`](DEVICE_QA_CHECKLIST.md) is ticked. Version is
+> `0.1.0-alpha01` for exactly that reason. Read that checklist before calling anything
+> here done.
+
 ## Build environment (SDK installed — all modules build)
 
 The Android SDK **is installed** and every module — pure Kotlin/JVM and Android-framework
@@ -19,10 +26,12 @@ against SDK 35/36.
   `:client-tls`, `:test-support`, `:transport-okhttp`.
 - **Android-framework (online in [`settings.gradle.kts`](settings.gradle.kts)):**
   `:app`, `:terminal-view`, `:host-registry`, `:client-tls-android`.
+- **Instrumented-only:** `:macrobenchmark` (`com.android.test`; assembles here, runs only
+  on a device/emulator).
 
 Setup: `local.properties` → `sdk.dir=/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools`;
 `google()` is in `pluginManagement`/`dependencyResolutionManagement`. Green gate:
-`./gradlew test :app:assembleDebug koverVerify`.
+`./gradlew test :app:assembleDebug :app:assembleDebugAndroidTest koverVerify`.
 
 ## Module map (mirror of the iOS SPM packages — plan §3)
 
@@ -37,10 +46,23 @@ Setup: `local.properties` → `sdk.dir=/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools
 | HostRegistry           | `:host-registry`       | Android (DataStore)           | ✅ built |
 | SwiftTerm host view    | `:terminal-view`       | Android (Termux wrap)         | ✅ built |
 | App/WebTerm            | `:app`                 | Android app (Compose/Hilt/FCM)| ✅ built |
+| `URLSession*Transport` | `:transport-okhttp`    | pure Kotlin/JVM (OkHttp)      | ✅ built |
+| — (no iOS counterpart) | `:macrobenchmark`      | `com.android.test` harness    | ⬜ scaffolded, no sources |
 
-> Not yet scaffolded: `:transport-okhttp` (OkHttp `TermTransport`/`HttpTransport`
-> impls, JVM) is owned by task **A7** and will be added then. The iOS
-> `URLSession*Transport`s consolidate into it (plan §3 framing note).
+> `:transport-okhttp` (A7) holds the OkHttp `TermTransport`/`HttpTransport`
+> implementations that the two iOS `URLSession*Transport`s consolidate into
+> (plan §3 framing note). OkHttp is a plain JVM library, so the module builds and
+> unit-tests (MockWebServer) with **no** Android SDK — including the
+> access-token cookie on the WS upgrade (`OkHttpAccessTokenTest`) and the
+> public-host cleartext refusal (`CleartextGuardTest`).
+
+`:macrobenchmark` (A35) is the one module with no iOS counterpart. It is a
+`com.android.test` module — a **separate APK** that drives `:app` out of process via
+UiAutomator, which is the only way startup/frame timings are real. It therefore cannot
+violate "dependencies only flow down": nothing depends on it, and it reaches `:app`
+through `targetProjectPath`, not a `project()` dependency. It instruments `:app`'s
+`benchmark` variant (see "Build types" below). The benchmark sources themselves are not
+written yet.
 
 ### Dependency graph (arrows = "depends on")
 
@@ -62,8 +84,45 @@ Setup: `local.properties` → `sdk.dir=/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools
 `:wire-protocol` is the **frozen shared contract** (Android analogue of
 `src/types.ts` + WireProtocol) — `ClientMessage`/`ServerMessage`, `MessageCodec`,
 `Validation`, `WireConstants`, `HostEndpoint` (the single Origin/wsURL derivation),
-and the `TermTransport` / `HttpTransport` / `PingableTermTransport` boundary
-interfaces. New wire types are added **only** here (a coordination point).
+`AuthCookie`/`AccessTokenRule`/`AccessTokenSource` (the single access-token-cookie
+derivation), and the `TermTransport` / `HttpTransport` / `PingableTermTransport`
+boundary interfaces. New wire types are added **only** here (a coordination point).
+
+## Access token (`WEBTERM_TOKEN`) — how the Android client authenticates
+
+A server started with `WEBTERM_TOKEN=<16–512 chars of [A-Za-z0-9._~+/=-]>` gates **every**
+HTTP route *and* the WebSocket upgrade behind a `webterm_auth` cookie. The Android
+client therefore:
+
+- **hand-writes `Cookie: webterm_auth=<t>` itself** for a token it already holds — one
+  derivation point (`AuthCookie`), stamped in exactly three places: `:api-client`'s
+  `ApiRoute.toHttpRequest` (all 12+ routes, RO GETs included), the pairing probe's two
+  hand-built legs, and `:transport-okhttp`'s WS upgrade. The hand-built
+  `GET /projects/diff` fetcher in `:app` stamps it too.
+- **also installs one `AuthCookieJar`** on the single shared `OkHttpClient`, which captures
+  the `Set-Cookie` a live pairing (`POST /auth`) hands back and replays it on REST *and* on
+  the WS upgrade (OkHttp's `BridgeInterceptor` runs for WebSocket calls). The two are
+  orthogonal: the hand-written header covers a token restored from the Keystore store, the
+  jar covers a cookie the server just issued. A host with neither sends no cookie at all.
+- keeps the header **orthogonal to `Origin`**: the token never replaces the CSWSH
+  Origin check (the server tests Origin first, then the cookie), and read-only routes
+  still carry no Origin.
+- validates a typed token ONCE at pairing time with `POST /auth`
+  (`{"token":"…"}`, `Accept: application/json` — an `Accept` containing `text/html`
+  makes the server answer 302 instead of 204/401). Four outcomes: 204+`Set-Cookie` =
+  correct → store it; 204 **without** `Set-Cookie` = that host has no auth → store
+  nothing; 401 = wrong token; 429 = rate-limited (10/min/IP).
+- stores it per host (keyed by the canonical origin) in `TinkAccessTokenStore`:
+  Tink AEAD under an **AndroidKeystore-wrapped, non-exportable** master key, in an
+  app-private `SharedPreferences` file, with `android:allowBackup="false"` +
+  `data_extraction_rules.xml` excluding cloud backup and device transfer. The token is
+  **never logged, never in a URL, never in app UI state**.
+- treats a **401 on the WS upgrade as terminal** (`FailureReason.UNAUTHORIZED`): no
+  reconnect back-off loop, and the banner tells the user to re-enter the token. A 401 on
+  any REST route is the typed `ApiClientError.Unauthorized`.
+
+A host with no `WEBTERM_TOKEN` is byte-identical to before the feature: no token stored ⇒
+no `Cookie` header at all (LAN zero-config preserved).
 
 ## Toolchain
 
@@ -82,15 +141,142 @@ JUnit Platform (`tasks.test { useJUnitPlatform() }`).
 
 ```bash
 # Use the committed wrapper for everything.
-./gradlew help          # sanity: the build configures
-./gradlew projects      # lists the 5 pure modules
-./gradlew build         # compile all pure modules
-./gradlew test          # run JVM unit tests (JUnit5 + coroutines-test + Turbine + MockK)
+./gradlew help                      # sanity: the build configures
+./gradlew projects                  # lists every module
+./gradlew test                      # JVM unit tests (JUnit5 + coroutines-test + Turbine + MockK)
+./gradlew :app:assembleDebug        # the installable debug APK
+./gradlew koverVerify               # the ≥80% gate on the pure modules
+
+# Release path (needs a keystore — see "Release signing")
+./gradlew :app:assembleRelease      # R8 + resource shrinking + signing
+./gradlew :app:lintVitalRelease     # the release-blocking lint subset; must be clean
+
+# Minified build WITHOUT a keystore — the practical way to test R8 keep rules
+./gradlew :app:assembleBenchmark    # same shrinking as release, debug-signed → installable
 ```
 
 > Testing target: **≥80% Kover coverage** on the pure modules (`:wire-protocol`,
-> `:session-core`, `:api-client`, `:client-tls` pure half). TDD, immutable data,
-> small focused files — same discipline as the rest of the repo.
+> `:session-core`, `:api-client`, `:client-tls` pure half — the four modules that
+> apply the Kover plugin, and therefore the only ones `koverVerify` gates). TDD,
+> immutable data, small focused files — same discipline as the rest of the repo.
+>
+> **Do not use `--rerun-tasks` in a release gate.** It trips an AGP lint/K2 internal bug
+> (`FirDeclaration was not found for class KtProperty, fir is null`, on
+> `ThumbnailPipeline.kt`). `lintVitalRelease` passes normally and from a cold lint state.
+
+## Build types
+
+| Type | Minified | Shrunk res | Debuggable | Signed with | Purpose |
+|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+| `debug` | no | no | yes | debug key | development; stable applicationId for deep-link tests (A32) |
+| `release` | **yes** | **yes** | no | **release key (required)** | the shipping artifact |
+| `benchmark` | **yes** | **yes** | no | debug key | `initWith(release)` + `isProfileable`; what `:macrobenchmark` measures, and the only way to exercise R8 without a keystore |
+
+`benchmark` exists because a benchmark must measure the code that actually ships. It sets
+`isProfileable = true`, which makes AGP inject `<profileable android:shell="true"/>` into
+the merged manifest — done there rather than in `AndroidManifest.xml` so the shipping
+manifest carries no benchmark-only tag.
+
+## Versioning
+
+Current: `versionCode = 1`, `versionName = "0.1.0-alpha01"`.
+
+- **`versionCode`** is a plain monotonic counter — **+1 for every artifact handed to anyone**
+  (a Play track, an APK sent to a tester, an archived benchmark build). It is deliberately
+  NOT derived from `versionName`; keeping them independent is what lets a hotfix ship
+  without renumbering. It is still `1` because no artifact has ever left the build machine;
+  the first distributed build takes `2`.
+- **`versionName`** is `<server-line>-alphaNN`. The client tracks the server's `0.1.x` line
+  (root `package.json` is `0.1.0`). The `-alpha01` suffix is a factual claim about device
+  verification, not marketing:
+  - `-alphaNN` — builds, minifies, JVM-tested; **device QA essentially unstarted**. ← today
+  - `-betaNN` — the A34/A35 blocks of `DEVICE_QA_CHECKLIST.md` pass on real hardware.
+  - `0.1.0` — the whole checklist is ticked.
+
+  Bump the suffix on any user-visible change while still in alpha; move to `0.1.1-alphaNN`
+  only when the server line moves.
+
+## Release signing
+
+There is **no keystore in this repository and there must never be one.** Credentials are
+read at configuration time from the first of these that has them:
+
+1. `android/keystore.properties` — the conventional path. Copy
+   [`keystore.properties.example`](keystore.properties.example).
+   ⚠️ **Confirm `keystore.properties` is listed in `android/.gitignore` before creating it.**
+   The existing rules cover `*.jks` / `*.keystore` / `*.p12` but not this filename.
+2. `android/local.properties` — already gitignored, so it needs no new rule. Same four keys.
+3. `WEBTERM_RELEASE_STORE_FILE` / `_STORE_PASSWORD` / `_KEY_ALIAS` / `_KEY_PASSWORD` — for CI.
+
+Keys: `webterm.release.storeFile` (absolute, or relative to `android/`),
+`.storePassword`, `.keyAlias`, `.keyPassword`.
+
+**Degradation contract:** with no credentials, `debug`, `benchmark`, `assembleDebugAndroidTest`
+and every test still work, and `:app:assembleRelease` **fails at `packageRelease`** with
+instructions. It fails at *packaging*, deliberately after R8, so an unconfigured machine
+still gets a full, verifiable R8 run. It never silently emits `app-release-unsigned.apk`
+(which is exactly what it used to do).
+
+**Archive `app/build/outputs/mapping/release/mapping.txt` with every distributed artifact** —
+release builds keep line numbers but obfuscate names, so without the mapping file a crash
+report cannot be retraced.
+
+### R8 / keep rules
+
+`app/proguard-rules.pro` is deliberately short and every rule is justified in place; most
+of the stack (kotlinx.serialization, Hilt, Tink, Firebase, OkHttp, Compose, CameraX)
+ships its own consumer rules and must not be re-declared. Two rules are load-bearing and
+were both derived from **observed** failures, not guesswork:
+
+- `com.termux.**` is kept whole, because `:terminal-view` binds to non-API internals of the
+  pinned v0.118.0 (the public `TerminalView.mEmulator` field, `TerminalRenderer.getFontWidth()`)
+  and the JitPack artifacts ship no consumer rules.
+- `implements com.google.firebase.components.ComponentRegistrar { <init>(); }`, because
+  without it R8 strips the reflectively-invoked constructors of ML Kit's registrars and
+  **QR scanning silently stops working in release builds only**.
+
+Before adding a rule, read the merged configuration R8 actually used:
+`app/build/outputs/mapping/<variant>/configuration.txt`. To validate rules, install the
+`benchmark` APK and exercise the feature — a wrong keep rule is invisible in debug.
+
+## Instrumented tests
+
+`:app` has an androidTest classpath (androidx.test + Espresso + Compose UI test +
+`hilt-android-testing` with `kspAndroidTest`) and `testInstrumentationRunner` is set to
+`wang.yaojia.webterm.HiltTestRunner`.
+
+`app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/HiltTestRunner.kt` supplies it:
+
+```kotlin
+class HiltTestRunner : AndroidJUnitRunner() {
+    override fun newApplication(cl: ClassLoader?, name: String?, context: Context?): Application =
+        super.newApplication(cl, HiltTestApplication::class.java.name, context)
+}
+```
+
+A custom runner is **required**, not stylistic: `newApplication` is the only hook that can
+replace the app-under-test's `Application` with the generated `HiltTestApplication`. Setting
+`android:name` in the androidTest manifest cannot do it — that manifest is merged into the
+*test* APK, not into the app under test. `assembleDebugAndroidTest` builds fine without the
+class (the runner name is just a manifest value); an actual instrumentation *run* needs it.
+
+The suite has been **run green on real hardware** (67/0 instrumented tests against this
+repo's own server), so `src/androidTest/**` is verified, not aspirational — but it still
+needs a connected device/emulator and is therefore **not** part of the `./gradlew test`
+gate; run it with `connectedAndroidTest`. An emulator additionally needs
+`ALLOWED_ORIGINS=http://10.0.2.2:<port>` on the server, because the server derives its
+allowed origins from NIC IPs and `10.0.2.2` (the emulator's alias for the host) is not one.
+
+### What is still NOT verified here
+
+- **DEFERRED — end-to-end access token**: the `WEBTERM_TOKEN` path is covered by
+  unit tests (`OkHttpAccessTokenTest`, `AuthProbeTest`, `AccessTokenCookieTest`, the
+  `:api-client` route tests, the `AuthCookie` derivation tests) and by
+  `TinkAccessTokenStoreTest` on device, but **no automated leg on the Android side starts
+  a real server with `WEBTERM_TOKEN` set and completes a cookie-gated WS upgrade** — that
+  end-to-end coverage exists only on the iOS side (`ios/IntegrationTests`).
+- **DEFERRED — the rest of `DEVICE_QA_CHECKLIST.md`**: FCM push delivery under Doze on two
+  physical handsets (S2) and the lock-screen Allow/Deny walkthrough have no automated cover.
 
 ## Android SDK setup (proven working)
 
@@ -127,5 +313,32 @@ AGP library module compiled against SDK 35 and produced an AAR):
   `android.application` + `kotlin.plugin.compose` + `ksp` + `dagger.hilt.android` (NEVER
   `kotlin.android`). Bump these together with `compileSdk 37` once platform 37 is installable.
 
-To add more SDK pieces later (e.g. an emulator image for instrumented tests):
+- **A `com.android.test` module cannot use a versioned plugin alias.** The root build
+  script already puts AGP on the classpath via the `android.library`/`android.application`
+  aliases, so a third versioned request for the same artifact fails with *"plugin is already
+  on the classpath with an unknown version"*. `:macrobenchmark` therefore applies
+  `id("com.android.test")` bare — same as `:terminal-view` with `com.android.library`. The
+  version is still pinned once, as `agp` in the catalog.
+
+## Emulator (installed)
+
+An AVD named **`webterm`** exists (android-35, arm64, software GPU) and is what produced the
+on-device evidence recorded in [`DEVICE_QA_CHECKLIST.md`](DEVICE_QA_CHECKLIST.md):
+
+```bash
+export ANDROID_HOME=/usr/local/share/android-commandlinetools
+$ANDROID_HOME/emulator/emulator -avd webterm -gpu swiftshader_indirect &
+$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools/adb devices -l
+
+# validate the MINIFIED build (this is what catches bad keep rules)
+./gradlew :app:assembleBenchmark
+adb install -r app/build/outputs/apk/benchmark/app-benchmark.apk
+adb logcat -c && adb shell am start -W -n wang.yaojia.webterm/.MainActivity
+adb logcat -d --pid=$(adb shell pidof wang.yaojia.webterm) | grep -E "FATAL|NoSuchMethod|NoClassDefFound"
+```
+
+Note it is a **software-GPU** emulator: it is fine for crash/keep-rule/route validation and
+useless for performance numbers. Real macrobenchmark figures need physical hardware.
+
+To add more SDK pieces later:
 `sdkmanager "system-images;android-35;google_apis;arm64-v8a" "emulator"`.

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/enroll/DeviceEnrollmentClient.kt

@@ -15,8 +15,11 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpTransport
  *   `POST /device/enroll`         [Bearer enrollToken] `{ csr, keyAlg:'ec-p256', subdomain,
  *                                   deviceName, attestation? }` → 201 `{ deviceId, cert, caChain,
  *                                   notBefore, notAfter, renewAfter }`
- *   `POST /device/:id/renew`      [mTLS current device cert] `{ csr }` ONLY → 201 (same shape). The
- *                                   server schema is `.strict()`; NO keyAlg/subdomain/deviceName.
+ *   `POST /device/:id/renew`      [mTLS current device cert] `{ csr }` ONLY → 201 `{ cert, caChain,
+ *                                   notAfter }`. The server schema is `.strict()`; NO
+ *                                   keyAlg/subdomain/deviceName.
+ *   `POST /device/:id/recover`    [NO client cert — plain HTTPS] `{ cert, csr }` → 201 `{ cert,
+ *                                   caChain, notAfter }`. The EXPIRED leaf's escape hatch.
  *
  * Deliberately logic-free about TLS/keys: it only builds requests and maps responses. The `csr` is
  * sent as standard base64(DER), which the server's `decodeCsrWire` accepts directly; response DERs
@@ -29,8 +32,12 @@ public class DeviceEnrollmentClient(
     baseUrl: String,
     private val http: HttpTransport,
 ) {
-    /** Base control-plane URL with any trailing slash removed, so `base + path` is well-formed. */
-    private val base: String = baseUrl.trim().trimEnd('/')
+    /**
+     * Base control-plane URL with any trailing slash removed, so `baseUrl + path` is well-formed.
+     * Readable so a rotation driver can persist WHICH control plane a device enrolled with and renew
+     * against that same one (a URL is not a credential).
+     */
+    public val baseUrl: String = baseUrl.trim().trimEnd('/')
 
     /**
      * One-time operator login → a short-lived `device:enroll` bearer. An empty [password] is
@@ -98,7 +105,38 @@ public class DeviceEnrollmentClient(
         )
         val path = "$PATH_DEVICE/${encodePathSegment(deviceId)}/renew"
         val response = http.send(jsonRequest(HttpMethod.POST, path, body.encodeToByteArray(), bearerToken))
-        return toResult(decodeOn201(response, EnrollResponseDto.serializer()))
+        // The renew 201 is `{ cert, caChain, notAfter }` — it does NOT echo deviceId, so the id we
+        // addressed the request to is the authoritative one.
+        return toReissueResult(decodeOn201(response, RenewResponseDto.serializer()), deviceId)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Recover an EXPIRED leaf: `POST /device/:id/recover` carrying the lapsed [expiredCertDer] in the
+     * BODY plus a fresh [csrDer] over the SAME hardware key.
+     *
+     * **This call must NOT ride an mTLS transport.** `/renew` is authenticated by the very leaf it
+     * renews, so a lapsed leaf cannot renew itself — and no TLS terminator will even forward an expired
+     * client certificate (nginx answers a bare 400 under `ssl_verify_client optional`; `optional_no_ca`
+     * tolerates only CHAIN errors, never `X509_V_ERR_CERT_HAS_EXPIRED`). The caller therefore supplies a
+     * PLAIN [HttpTransport] with no client identity; possession is proven by the CSR self-signature,
+     * which the control plane checks together with `CSR key == registered key`.
+     *
+     * No bearer is accepted on this path at all — the body is the whole credential story. Everything
+     * else the server enforces is unchanged: real X.509 path validation to the device-CA, SPIFFE parse,
+     * `notBefore` (never graced), `:id` must match the cert, and revocation still applies. Only
+     * `notAfter` is graced (30 days), so a leaf lapsed beyond that answers 401.
+     */
+    public suspend fun recover(deviceId: String, expiredCertDer: ByteArray, csrDer: ByteArray): EnrollmentResult {
+        if (deviceId.isEmpty() || expiredCertDer.isEmpty() || csrDer.isEmpty()) {
+            throw DeviceEnrollmentError.InvalidRequest
+        }
+        val body = EnrollJson.encodeToString(
+            RecoverRequestBody.serializer(),
+            RecoverRequestBody(cert = base64(expiredCertDer), csr = base64(csrDer)),
+        )
+        val path = "$PATH_DEVICE/${encodePathSegment(deviceId)}/recover"
+        val response = http.send(jsonRequest(HttpMethod.POST, path, body.encodeToByteArray(), bearer = null))
+        return toReissueResult(decodeOn201(response, RenewResponseDto.serializer()), deviceId)
     }
 
     // ── Request/response plumbing ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -114,7 +152,7 @@ public class DeviceEnrollmentClient(
         // Omit Authorization entirely when there is no bearer (the mTLS-only renew path) — an empty
         // string must never emit a bare "Bearer " header.
         if (!bearer.isNullOrEmpty()) headers[HEADER_AUTHORIZATION] = "$BEARER_PREFIX$bearer"
-        return HttpRequest(method = method, url = base + path, headers = headers, body = jsonBody)
+        return HttpRequest(method = method, url = baseUrl + path, headers = headers, body = jsonBody)
     }
 
     /** 201 → decode with [serializer]; else → [DeviceEnrollmentError.Http] with the server's `error`
@@ -127,6 +165,24 @@ public class DeviceEnrollmentClient(
             .getOrNull() ?: throw DeviceEnrollmentError.MalformedResponse
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Map a re-issuance (renew / recover) 201, whose body carries no `deviceId`, using the [deviceId]
+     * the request was addressed to. `renewAfter` is normally absent here — the rotation policy
+     * re-derives it from the leaf's own validity window (`RotationPolicy.renewAfterFor`).
+     */
+    private fun toReissueResult(dto: RenewResponseDto, deviceId: String): EnrollmentResult =
+        EnrollmentResult(
+            deviceId = deviceId,
+            certificate = decodeDerOrThrow(dto.cert),
+            caChain = dto.caChain.map { decodeDerOrThrow(it) },
+            notBefore = parseInstantOrNull(dto.notBefore),
+            notAfter = parseInstantOrNull(dto.notAfter),
+            renewAfter = parseInstantOrNull(dto.renewAfter),
+        )
+
+    private fun decodeDerOrThrow(base64Der: String): ByteArray =
+        decodeBase64OrNull(base64Der) ?: throw DeviceEnrollmentError.MalformedResponse
+
     private fun toResult(dto: EnrollResponseDto): EnrollmentResult {
         val certificate = decodeBase64OrNull(dto.cert) ?: throw DeviceEnrollmentError.MalformedResponse
         val chain = dto.caChain.map { entry ->

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/enroll/EnrollmentModels.kt

@@ -97,6 +97,19 @@ internal data class EnrollRequestBody(
 @Serializable
 internal data class RenewRequestBody(val csr: String)
 
+/**
+ * The `/device/:id/recover` request body — the EXPIRED leaf plus a fresh CSR over the same key.
+ *
+ * The lapsed certificate travels in the BODY (not as an mTLS client cert) because no TLS terminator
+ * forwards an expired client certificate: nginx answers a bare 400 under `ssl_verify_client optional`,
+ * and `optional_no_ca` tolerates only CHAIN errors, never `X509_V_ERR_CERT_HAS_EXPIRED`. Nothing is
+ * lost: the CSR is self-signed by the same private key and the control-plane signer enforces CSR
+ * proof-of-possession plus `CSR key == registered key`, so possession is proven exactly as the
+ * handshake used to prove it. The server schema is `.strict()` on these two keys.
+ */
+@Serializable
+internal data class RecoverRequestBody(val cert: String, val csr: String)
+
 @Serializable
 internal data class LoginResponseDto(
     val enrollToken: String,
@@ -114,6 +127,25 @@ internal data class EnrollResponseDto(
     val renewAfter: String? = null,
 )
 
+/**
+ * The `/device/:id/renew` and `/device/:id/recover` 201 body — `{ cert, caChain, notAfter }` ONLY.
+ *
+ * Deliberately NOT [EnrollResponseDto]: the re-issuance routes do not echo `deviceId` (nor
+ * `notBefore`/`renewAfter`) — only `/device/enroll` does (`control-plane/src/api/renew.ts` vs
+ * `device-enroll.ts`). Decoding a renew 201 against the enroll DTO, whose `deviceId` is required,
+ * failed EVERY silent rotation with `MalformedResponse`. The device id is supplied by the caller (it
+ * is the path segment the request was addressed to, which is the authoritative value anyway), and the
+ * absent `renewAfter` is re-derived from the leaf by `RotationPolicy.renewAfterFor`.
+ */
+@Serializable
+internal data class RenewResponseDto(
+    val cert: String,
+    val caChain: List<String> = emptyList(),
+    val notBefore: String? = null,
+    val notAfter: String? = null,
+    val renewAfter: String? = null,
+)
+
 @Serializable
 internal data class ErrorDto(val error: String? = null)
 

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/enroll/RotationPolicy.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.enroll
+
+import java.time.Duration
+import java.time.Instant
+
+/**
+ * Rotation timing of the installed device identity — the input to [RotationPolicy]. Android analogue
+ * of iOS `DeviceRenewalState`.
+ *
+ * [notAfter] is the leaf's HARD expiry (past it the TLS stack rejects the cert outright) and
+ * [renewAfter] is the advisory "renew from the same key now" instant. Only non-secret timing plus the
+ * non-secret [deviceId] (which is a URL path segment) surface here: the private key never leaves
+ * AndroidKeyStore and the cert bytes are never carried through this type, so it is safe to log.
+ */
+public data class DeviceRenewalState(
+    /** The enrolled device id — the `:id` in `POST /device/:id/renew` and `/device/:id/recover`. */
+    val deviceId: String,
+    val notAfter: Instant?,
+    val renewAfter: Instant?,
+) {
+    /**
+     * Is the leaf due for renewal as of [now]? A missing [renewAfter] NEVER triggers (fail-safe — the
+     * TLS stack is the real gate; the scheduler only pre-empts expiry). Mirrors
+     * [EnrollmentResult.isRenewalDue] and iOS `DeviceRenewalState.isRenewalDue`.
+     */
+    public fun isRenewalDue(now: Instant): Boolean {
+        val due = renewAfter ?: return false
+        return !now.isBefore(due) // now >= renewAfter
+    }
+}
+
+/** What a scheduler must do for one rotation pass — the total answer of [RotationPolicy.decide]. */
+public enum class RotationDecision {
+    /** Nothing to do: the renew window has not opened (the cheap, common case). */
+    NOT_DUE,
+
+    /** An attempt IS due but the previous one failed too recently — wait, do not hammer. */
+    BACKING_OFF,
+
+    /** Still valid: re-CSR from the same key and renew over mTLS (`POST /device/:id/renew`). */
+    RENEW,
+
+    /**
+     * EXPIRED but inside the recovery grace: the leaf can no longer authenticate its own re-issuance,
+     * so recover over PLAIN HTTPS with the lapsed cert in the body (`POST /device/:id/recover`).
+     */
+    RECOVER,
+
+    /** TERMINAL — expired past the grace window. No request can succeed; only a fresh enroll can. */
+    RE_ENROLL_REQUIRED,
+}
+
+/**
+ * The pure, JVM-testable rotation decision table (repo precedent: `ReconnectMachine`, `LayoutPolicy`,
+ * `TerminalGridMath`). Given "now", the leaf's timing and the last failed attempt it answers
+ * renew / recover / wait / re-enroll — no clock, no keystore, no network, so every branch is a unit
+ * test rather than a device observation.
+ *
+ * Ported from iOS `CertificateRotationScheduler`'s timing rules, plus the two branches the phone
+ * track needs and iOS lacks (it can only renew, so an iOS device whose leaf lapses is stranded):
+ *  - [RotationDecision.RECOVER] — the `/device/:id/recover` escape hatch, because no TLS terminator
+ *    forwards an expired client certificate, so a lapsed leaf can never authenticate its own renewal.
+ *  - [RotationDecision.RE_ENROLL_REQUIRED] — reported ONCE as terminal instead of retrying forever
+ *    (the host-track agent logged the same failure 6380 times before this rule existed).
+ */
+public object RotationPolicy {
+    /**
+     * The control plane issues `renewAfter = notBefore + 2/3 · lifetime`
+     * (`control-plane/src/api/device-enroll.ts` `DEFAULT_RENEW_FRACTION`). The client mirrors the
+     * fraction as exact integer duration math so [renewAfterFor] lands on the same instant.
+     */
+    private const val RENEW_FRACTION_NUMERATOR: Long = 2L
+    private const val RENEW_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR: Long = 3L
+
+    /**
+     * How long after `notAfter` a lapsed leaf may still be swapped via `/device/:id/recover`
+     * (30 days) — the same window the control plane's `DEFAULT_EXPIRED_RENEW_GRACE_MS` allows. Asking
+     * outside it is pointless: the server answers 401.
+     */
+    public val DEFAULT_EXPIRED_RECOVERY_GRACE: Duration = Duration.ofDays(30)
+
+    /**
+     * Minimum gap after a FAILED attempt before another is made. A pass runs on every app
+     * foreground, and the control plane rate-limits renewals to 30/hour per identity, so an
+     * un-throttled retry converts one transient failure into a 429 storm.
+     */
+    public val DEFAULT_FAILURE_BACKOFF: Duration = Duration.ofMinutes(15)
+
+    /**
+     * Derive the advisory renew instant from the leaf's own validity window.
+     *
+     * This derivation is LOAD-BEARING, not a convenience: `POST /device/:id/renew` and
+     * `POST /device/:id/recover` answer `{cert, caChain, notAfter}` only — neither returns
+     * `renewAfter` (only `/device/enroll` does). A client that persisted the enroll-time value and
+     * never recomputed it would rotate exactly once and then report "not due" until the cert died.
+     *
+     * Returns null when either bound is unknown or the window is not a lifetime (notAfter <=
+     * notBefore) — fail-safe, because [decide] treats a null [DeviceRenewalState.renewAfter] as
+     * never-due rather than inventing a past instant that would renew-storm.
+     */
+    public fun renewAfterFor(notBefore: Instant?, notAfter: Instant?): Instant? {
+        if (notBefore == null || notAfter == null) return null
+        if (!notBefore.isBefore(notAfter)) return null
+        val lifetime = Duration.between(notBefore, notAfter)
+        return notBefore.plus(
+            lifetime.multipliedBy(RENEW_FRACTION_NUMERATOR).dividedBy(RENEW_FRACTION_DENOMINATOR),
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The whole decision table, in priority order:
+     *  1. expired past [expiredRecoveryGrace] → [RotationDecision.RE_ENROLL_REQUIRED] (terminal; it
+     *     outranks the backoff because no amount of waiting can help),
+     *  2. otherwise pick the desired action — expired → RECOVER, [DeviceRenewalState.isRenewalDue] →
+     *     RENEW, else NOT_DUE,
+     *  3. an idle leaf stays [RotationDecision.NOT_DUE] (there is no attempt to throttle),
+     *  4. a desired action within [failureBackoff] of [lastFailureAt] → [RotationDecision.BACKING_OFF].
+     *
+     * @param lastFailureAt when the last attempt FAILED (null = none, or the last one succeeded).
+     */
+    public fun decide(
+        state: DeviceRenewalState,
+        now: Instant,
+        lastFailureAt: Instant? = null,
+        expiredRecoveryGrace: Duration = DEFAULT_EXPIRED_RECOVERY_GRACE,
+        failureBackoff: Duration = DEFAULT_FAILURE_BACKOFF,
+    ): RotationDecision {
+        require(!expiredRecoveryGrace.isNegative) { "expiredRecoveryGrace must not be negative" }
+        require(!failureBackoff.isNegative) { "failureBackoff must not be negative" }
+
+        val notAfter = state.notAfter
+        // Terminal first: past `notAfter + grace` nothing can succeed. A non-negative grace makes this
+        // strictly stronger than "expired", so it needs no separate expiry guard.
+        if (notAfter != null && now.isAfter(notAfter.plus(expiredRecoveryGrace))) {
+            return RotationDecision.RE_ENROLL_REQUIRED
+        }
+        val isExpired = notAfter != null && now.isAfter(notAfter)
+
+        val desired = when {
+            isExpired -> RotationDecision.RECOVER
+            state.isRenewalDue(now) -> RotationDecision.RENEW
+            else -> RotationDecision.NOT_DUE
+        }
+        if (desired == RotationDecision.NOT_DUE) return RotationDecision.NOT_DUE
+        if (lastFailureAt != null && now.isBefore(lastFailureAt.plus(failureBackoff))) {
+            return RotationDecision.BACKING_OFF
+        }
+        return desired
+    }
+}

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/models/GitLog.kt

@@ -14,6 +14,15 @@ public data class CommitLogEntry(
     val hash: String,
     val at: Long,
     val subject: String = "",
+    /**
+     * w6/G4: reachable from HEAD but NOT from `@{u}` — i.e. this commit has not been pushed.
+     *
+     * Server-computed from `rev-list`, and deliberately NOT "the first N rows": `git log` is
+     * date-ordered, so merging an older branch interleaves unpushed commits BELOW pushed ones. The
+     * row-count shortcut fails in the dangerous direction — it would call an unpushed commit pushed.
+     * Absent ⇒ unknown (no upstream to compare against), which must not render as "pushed".
+     */
+    val unpushed: Boolean? = null,
 )
 
 /**
@@ -25,7 +34,29 @@ public data class GitLogResult(
     @Serializable(with = CommitLogEntryListSerializer::class)
     val commits: List<CommitLogEntry> = emptyList(),
     val truncated: Boolean = false,
-)
+    /**
+     * w6/G4: upstream short name used to label the pushed/unpushed boundary. Null ⇒ nothing to compare
+     * against, so **no boundary may be drawn at all** — not a boundary drawn at position zero.
+     */
+    val upstream: String? = null,
+) {
+    /**
+     * Index of the LAST unpushed commit, or null when no boundary may be drawn.
+     *
+     * The boundary is drawn ONCE, after this index — never once per unpushed commit, and never at all
+     * when [upstream] is absent. Returns null rather than -1 so a caller cannot accidentally treat
+     * "no boundary" as "boundary before everything".
+     */
+    public val upstreamBoundaryIndex: Int?
+        get() {
+            if (upstream == null) return null
+            val last = commits.indexOfLast { it.unpushed == true }
+            return last.takeIf { it >= 0 }
+        }
+
+    /** How many commits are waiting to be pushed; 0 when unknown or nothing is pending. */
+    public val unpushedCount: Int get() = commits.count { it.unpushed == true }
+}
 
 /** Drops a commit missing `hash`/`at`, keeps the rest (nested list-lossy, like worktrees). */
 internal object CommitLogEntryListSerializer :

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/models/GitWrite.kt

@@ -42,6 +42,16 @@ public data class CommitResult(val commit: String = "")
 @Serializable
 public data class PushResult(val branch: String? = null, val remote: String? = null)
 
+/**
+ * `POST /projects/git/fetch` 200 payload (w6/G2).
+ *
+ * [lastFetchMs] is FETCH_HEAD's mtime AFTER the fetch, so the UI can stop saying "stale" without
+ * re-probing. On FAILURE the server deliberately leaves the old value alone, which is why this is
+ * nullable: a fetch that did not happen must keep reading as stale rather than pretending it refreshed.
+ */
+@Serializable
+public data class FetchResult(val lastFetchMs: Long? = null)
+
 /** `POST /projects/worktree` 200 → `{ ok, path, branch }`. */
 @Serializable
 public data class CreateWorktreeResult(val path: String? = null, val branch: String? = null)

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/models/LiveSessionInfo.kt

@@ -42,4 +42,9 @@ public data class LiveSessionInfo(
     /** Server ms timestamp of the last PTY output (== createdAt until first output). Additive
      *  optional field — pre-P1 servers omit it; `null` means "no unread data source". */
     val lastOutputAt: Long? = null,
+    /** W2 pending prompt-queue depth (`src/types.ts` `queueLength?`) — what the "N queued" badge
+     *  renders. Additive OPTIONAL: `null` on a pre-W2 server (queue unsupported / unknown), `0` when
+     *  the queue is empty; the badge shows only for a positive value. Decoded tolerantly
+     *  ([LossyIntSerializer]) so a garbled value can never hide a running session. */
+    @Serializable(with = LossyIntSerializer::class) val queueLength: Int? = null,
 )

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/models/Projects.kt

@@ -17,6 +17,12 @@ public data class ProjectSessionRef(
     val clientCount: Int,
     val createdAt: Long,
     val exited: Boolean,
+    /**
+     * w6/G7: the session's working directory, needed to attribute it to a worktree. Matching is
+     * DEEPEST-first, because `.claude/worktrees/<name>` lives INSIDE the main checkout and a prefix
+     * match would count every worktree session against the parent repo too.
+     */
+    val cwd: String? = null,
 )
 
 /**
@@ -40,6 +46,8 @@ public data class ProjectInfo(
     val behind: Int? = null,
     /** HEAD commit time in ms (`git log -1 --format=%ct * 1000`); absent on a fresh/empty repo. */
     val lastCommitMs: Long? = null,
+    /** w6/G1: porcelain line count, gated the same way as [dirty]. */
+    val dirtyCount: Int? = null,
     @Serializable(with = ProjectSessionRefListSerializer::class)
     val sessions: List<ProjectSessionRef> = emptyList(),
 )
@@ -65,6 +73,10 @@ public data class ProjectDetail(
     val isGit: Boolean,
     val branch: String? = null,
     val dirty: Boolean? = null,
+    /** w6/G1: porcelain line count, gated the same way as [dirty]. */
+    val dirtyCount: Int? = null,
+    /** w6/G1: git repos only; null for a non-git dir. See [SyncState] for what may be trusted. */
+    val sync: SyncState? = null,
     @Serializable(with = WorktreeInfoListSerializer::class)
     val worktrees: List<WorktreeInfo> = emptyList(),
     @Serializable(with = ProjectSessionRefListSerializer::class)

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/models/PromptQueue.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models
+
+import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
+
+/**
+ * W2 prompt queue — the server-side FIFO of follow-up prompts injected into a session's PTY the next
+ * time Claude goes idle (`src/server.ts` ~605/644/654, `SessionManager.enqueueFollowup`/`clearQueue`).
+ *
+ * A queued entry is **raw keyboard input for a shell** (invariant #9 / byte-shuttle): it is stored and
+ * later written to the PTY verbatim. Nothing on this path may trim, escape, re-encode or normalise it —
+ * the only transformation is the server appending `\r` when the caller passed `appendEnter = true`.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * `GET /live-sessions/:id/queue` 200 → `{ length, items }` — the pending depth plus the queued texts
+ * (verbatim keystroke bytes). Both fields default, so a missing/garbled key degrades to an empty queue
+ * instead of throwing; a non-object body yields `null` from `LossyDecode` (→ `InvalidResponseBody`).
+ */
+@Serializable
+public data class QueueSnapshot(
+    /** Pending entries on the server. Equals `items.size` for a healthy server; trust [items] for
+     *  rendering and [length] only as the badge number the server itself broadcasts. */
+    val length: Int = 0,
+    /** The queued prompts in FIFO order, verbatim. */
+    val items: List<String> = emptyList(),
+)
+
+/**
+ * Outcome of the two GUARDED queue writes — `POST` (enqueue) and `DELETE` (cancel-all). One union for
+ * both ops (the `GitWriteOutcome` precedent: one union, six routes); [Full], [TooLarge] and [Disabled]
+ * are simply unreachable for the DELETE, whose handler neither validates text nor consults the
+ * `QUEUE_ENABLED` kill-switch.
+ *
+ * Every variant maps to different UI behaviour, which is why they are typed rather than folded into a
+ * status code:
+ *  - [Ok] — the server accepted it; [length] is the authoritative new depth for the "N queued" badge.
+ *  - [Full] — 409, the bounded FIFO is at `QUEUE_MAX_ITEMS` (default 10). Cancel something first;
+ *    the server never silently drops.
+ *  - [TooLarge] — 413, over `QUEUE_ITEM_MAX_BYTES` (default 4 KiB, server-configurable — the client
+ *    deliberately does NOT pre-validate size, which would invent a policy it cannot know).
+ *  - [Disabled] — 503, `QUEUE_ENABLED=0` on this host: hide the affordance, do not retry.
+ *  - [SessionGone] — 404, unknown or already-exited session.
+ *  - [RateLimited] — 429 from the shared `QUEUE_RATE_MAX = 20`/minute/IP bucket. **Never auto-retry**;
+ *    a retry loop just burns the same budget a real enqueue needs.
+ *  - [Rejected] — any other 4xx/5xx, carrying the server's SAFE `error` string verbatim (`message` may
+ *    be `null` when the body is empty, e.g. the Origin guard's bare 403).
+ */
+public sealed interface QueueWriteOutcome {
+    /** 200 — accepted; [length] is the new pending depth (0 for a cleared queue). */
+    public data class Ok(val length: Int) : QueueWriteOutcome
+
+    /** 409 — the bounded FIFO is full (`QUEUE_MAX_ITEMS`). */
+    public data object Full : QueueWriteOutcome
+
+    /** 413 — the prompt exceeds the server's per-item byte cap. */
+    public data object TooLarge : QueueWriteOutcome
+
+    /** 503 — the queue feature is switched off on this host. */
+    public data object Disabled : QueueWriteOutcome
+
+    /** 404 — the session is unknown or has already exited. */
+    public data object SessionGone : QueueWriteOutcome
+
+    /** 429 — shared per-IP queue bucket. Do NOT auto-retry. */
+    public data object RateLimited : QueueWriteOutcome
+
+    /** Any other failure, with the server's inert message (null when unparseable/empty). */
+    public data class Rejected(val status: Int, val message: String?) : QueueWriteOutcome
+}
+
+/**
+ * Read the new depth out of a queue write's 200 body (`{ length }`). The status already says it
+ * succeeded, so a missing/garbled body degrades to `0` rather than throwing — the next `queue` read or
+ * `queue` WS frame re-establishes the true depth.
+ */
+internal fun decodeQueueDepth(bytes: ByteArray): Int =
+    LossyDecode.objectOrNull(bytes, QueueSnapshot.serializer())?.length ?: 0

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/models/Serializers.kt

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models
 
 import kotlinx.serialization.KSerializer
 import kotlinx.serialization.builtins.ListSerializer
+import kotlinx.serialization.builtins.nullable
+import kotlinx.serialization.builtins.serializer
 import kotlinx.serialization.descriptors.PrimitiveKind
 import kotlinx.serialization.descriptors.PrimitiveSerialDescriptor
 import kotlinx.serialization.descriptors.SerialDescriptor
@@ -9,7 +11,9 @@ import kotlinx.serialization.encoding.Decoder
 import kotlinx.serialization.encoding.Encoder
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonArray
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonDecoder
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonPrimitive
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.decodeFromJsonElement
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.intOrNull
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClaudeStatus
 import java.util.UUID
 
@@ -36,6 +40,23 @@ internal object ClaudeStatusSerializer : KSerializer<ClaudeStatus> {
     override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: ClaudeStatus) = encoder.encodeString(value.wire)
 }
 
+/**
+ * A tolerant `Int?` field decoder: a wrong-typed/garbled value degrades to `null` instead of failing
+ * the whole enclosing object. Used for ADDITIVE OPTIONAL numeric fields (e.g.
+ * `LiveSessionInfo.queueLength`) where dropping the entry would hide a running session for the sake of
+ * a badge. Required numeric fields deliberately keep the strict built-in behaviour.
+ */
+internal object LossyIntSerializer : KSerializer<Int?> {
+    private val delegate: KSerializer<Int?> = Int.serializer().nullable
+    override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor = delegate.descriptor
+    override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: Int?) = delegate.serialize(encoder, value)
+    override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): Int? {
+        val json = decoder as? JsonDecoder ?: return delegate.deserialize(decoder)
+        val primitive = json.decodeJsonElement() as? JsonPrimitive ?: return null
+        return if (primitive.isString) primitive.content.toIntOrNull() else primitive.intOrNull
+    }
+}
+
 /**
  * A `List<T>` serializer that drops malformed elements and degrades a non-array to `[]` — the
  * Android analogue of iOS's `LossyList.decode` for NESTED arrays (`ProjectInfo.sessions`,

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/models/SyncState.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models
+
+import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
+
+/**
+ * w6/G1 — how far the checked-out branch has drifted from its upstream (`src/types.ts` `SyncState`).
+ *
+ * ## The one rule this whole feature turns on
+ * `ahead`/`behind` are computed against `@{u}`, a **locally cached** remote ref that only a `fetch`
+ * moves. That asymmetry decides what may be trusted:
+ *
+ *  - [ahead] needs only local refs, so it is always trustworthy.
+ *  - [behind] is only meaningful if [lastFetchMs] is recent. A stale FETCH_HEAD reports `behind = 0`
+ *    for a branch that is in fact many commits behind — the server's own commit message records finding
+ *    exactly that (`↓0` while FETCH_HEAD had not moved in 19 days).
+ *  - **No upstream leaves [ahead] and [behind] undefined**, which is NOT the same as zero. A fresh
+ *    worktree branch normally has no upstream, and rendering it as "in sync" is the single easiest bug
+ *    to ship here. [isFullySynced] is the only sanctioned way to ask "may I render the all-clear?" and
+ *    it answers false whenever anything is unknown. Do not re-derive that test at a call site.
+ *
+ * Every field is optional because every one of them degrades independently on the server (no upstream,
+ * detached HEAD, never fetched, not a git repo).
+ */
+@Serializable
+public data class SyncState(
+    /** e.g. `origin/develop`; null ⇒ the branch tracks nothing. */
+    val upstream: String? = null,
+    /** Commits on HEAD not on `@{u}`. Null ⇒ unknown (no upstream), NOT zero. */
+    val ahead: Int? = null,
+    /** Commits on `@{u}` not on HEAD. Null ⇒ unknown. Trust only when [isFetchFresh]. */
+    val behind: Int? = null,
+    /** FETCH_HEAD mtime in ms; null ⇒ never fetched. */
+    val lastFetchMs: Long? = null,
+    /** HEAD is not on a branch ⇒ no branch, no ahead/behind, and fetch/push are not offerable. */
+    val detached: Boolean = false,
+) {
+
+    /** True when there is an upstream to compare against at all. */
+    public val hasUpstream: Boolean get() = upstream != null
+
+    /**
+     * True when [lastFetchMs] is recent enough for [behind] to mean anything.
+     *
+     * @param nowMs caller-supplied clock so this stays pure and testable.
+     */
+    public fun isFetchFresh(nowMs: Long): Boolean {
+        val fetched = lastFetchMs ?: return false
+        val age = nowMs - fetched
+        // A clock skew that puts the fetch in the future is not evidence of freshness.
+        return age in 0..FETCH_FRESH_WINDOW_MS
+    }
+
+    /** True when [behind] should be shown with a "stale — I have not checked" qualifier. */
+    public fun isBehindStale(nowMs: Long): Boolean = hasUpstream && !isFetchFresh(nowMs)
+
+    /**
+     * The ONLY state that may render as the green all-clear: nothing to push, nothing to pull, and a
+     * fresh enough fetch to justify saying so.
+     *
+     * Green means "I checked, you can ignore this". Getting it wrong is lying to the user, so anything
+     * unknown — no upstream, detached, never fetched, stale fetch, null counts — is false.
+     */
+    public fun isFullySynced(nowMs: Long): Boolean =
+        hasUpstream && !detached && ahead == 0 && behind == 0 && isFetchFresh(nowMs)
+
+    public companion object {
+        /**
+         * How long a fetch stays "fresh". Mirrors the server rule that `behind` is flagged stale once
+         * FETCH_HEAD is older than an hour (w6/G1).
+         */
+        public const val FETCH_FRESH_WINDOW_MS: Long = 60L * 60L * 1000L
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * w6/G7 — the git state of ONE worktree, fetched lazily per row via `GET /projects/worktree/state`
+ * (`src/types.ts` `WorktreeState`).
+ *
+ * Deliberately narrower than `ProjectDetail`: N rows must not each pay for a worktree listing and a
+ * CLAUDE.md read that nothing renders.
+ */
+@Serializable
+public data class WorktreeState(
+    val path: String,
+    val branch: String? = null,
+    val sync: SyncState? = null,
+    val dirtyCount: Int? = null,
+)

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/pairing/AuthProbe.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing
+
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes.Endpoints
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AccessTokenRule
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AuthCookie
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpResponse
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpTransport
+
+/**
+ * The outcome of the pairing-time access-token validation probe (`POST /auth`). The first four cases
+ * are the FROZEN four the server distinguishes (ios-completion §1.1); [Malformed] is a client-side
+ * pre-check and [Unexpected] keeps an unknown status from being mistaken for success.
+ */
+public sealed interface AuthProbeResult {
+    /** **204 + `Set-Cookie: webterm_auth=…`** — the token is correct. Persist it for this host. */
+    public data object Accepted : AuthProbeResult
+
+    /**
+     * **204 with NO `Set-Cookie`** — this host has `WEBTERM_TOKEN` unset, so there is nothing to
+     * authenticate. The token MUST NOT be persisted, and this MUST NOT be read as "authenticated"
+     * (frozen §1.1): the host is simply open, exactly as a zero-config LAN deploy.
+     */
+    public data object AuthDisabled : AuthProbeResult
+
+    /** **401** — wrong token. UI: "访问令牌不正确". */
+    public data object InvalidToken : AuthProbeResult
+
+    /** **429** — the server's `/auth` limiter (10/min/IP) tripped. UI: "尝试过多，稍后再试". */
+    public data object RateLimited : AuthProbeResult
+
+    /** The token cannot be a valid server token ([AccessTokenRule]) — rejected before any network I/O. */
+    public data object Malformed : AuthProbeResult
+
+    /** Any other status (e.g. a captive portal's 302). Never treated as success. */
+    public data class Unexpected(val status: Int) : AuthProbeResult
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate [token] against [endpoint] via **`POST /auth`** — a one-shot pairing-time probe, NOT a
+ * session-establishing login: the native client keeps stamping its own `Cookie` header afterwards and
+ * ignores the `Set-Cookie` value entirely (frozen §1.1). The response's `Set-Cookie` is used only as a
+ * BOOLEAN signal (was the token accepted, or is auth disabled on this host?).
+ *
+ * Transport-level failures propagate unwrapped so the caller can classify them with
+ * [PairingError.classify] (same convention as [runPairingProbe]).
+ *
+ * Never logs the token; the token appears only in the JSON body, never in the URL.
+ */
+public suspend fun probeAccessToken(
+    endpoint: HostEndpoint,
+    http: HttpTransport,
+    token: String,
+): AuthProbeResult {
+    // Boundary validation first: a token outside the server's charset/length can never be correct, and
+    // there is no point spending a rate-limit slot (or shipping it over the wire) to find that out.
+    val normalized = AccessTokenRule.normalize(token) ?: return AuthProbeResult.Malformed
+    val request = Endpoints.auth(normalized).toHttpRequest(endpoint)
+        ?: return AuthProbeResult.Unexpected(UNBUILDABLE_REQUEST)
+    val response = http.send(request)
+    return classifyAuthResponse(response)
+}
+
+private fun classifyAuthResponse(response: HttpResponse): AuthProbeResult = when (response.status) {
+    HTTP_NO_CONTENT ->
+        // The ONE discriminator between "token correct" and "this host has no auth at all".
+        if (response.carriesAuthCookie()) AuthProbeResult.Accepted else AuthProbeResult.AuthDisabled
+    HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED -> AuthProbeResult.InvalidToken
+    HTTP_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS -> AuthProbeResult.RateLimited
+    else -> AuthProbeResult.Unexpected(response.status)
+}
+
+/**
+ * True iff the response set OUR auth cookie. Header names are case-insensitive on the wire, and the
+ * value must name [AuthCookie.NAME] — some other service's `Set-Cookie` (a proxy's session id) proves
+ * nothing about our token.
+ */
+private fun HttpResponse.carriesAuthCookie(): Boolean =
+    headers.entries.any { (name, value) ->
+        name.equals(SET_COOKIE_HEADER, ignoreCase = true) && value.startsWith("${AuthCookie.NAME}=")
+    }
+
+/**
+ * Sentinel status for "the request could not even be built" — unreachable for a validated
+ * [HostEndpoint], surfaced instead of crashing (never mistaken for a real HTTP status).
+ */
+private const val UNBUILDABLE_REQUEST = 0
+
+private const val SET_COOKIE_HEADER = "Set-Cookie"
+private const val HTTP_NO_CONTENT = 204
+private const val HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED = 401
+private const val HTTP_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS = 429

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/pairing/PairingError.kt

@@ -52,6 +52,17 @@ public sealed interface PairingError {
     /** TLS negotiation / certificate failure on an https/wss target (`SSLException`/`CertificateException`). */
     public data object TlsFailure : PairingError
 
+    /**
+     * The host answered **401** to the probe's HTTP legs — it has `WEBTERM_TOKEN` set and we presented
+     * no cookie / a wrong one (ios-completion §1.1). Distinct from [OriginRejected]: this is fixable by
+     * entering the host's access token, not by editing `ALLOWED_ORIGINS`.
+     *
+     * NOTE the probe's ORDERING is what makes the two distinguishable: probe ① authenticates over HTTP
+     * first, so a 401 there is the token; once ① has passed with our cookie, a 401 on the later WS
+     * upgrade can only be the Origin allow-list (the server writes the same bare 401 for both).
+     */
+    public data object AccessTokenRequired : PairingError
+
     /** The probe deadline elapsed, or the transport timed out (`SocketTimeoutException`). */
     public data object Timeout : PairingError
 

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/pairing/PairingProbe.kt

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 import kotlinx.coroutines.withTimeoutOrNull
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonArray
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AccessTokenSource
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AuthCookie
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClientMessage
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpMethod
@@ -50,8 +52,9 @@ public suspend fun runPairingProbe(
     endpoint: HostEndpoint,
     http: HttpTransport,
     ws: TermTransport,
+    tokens: AccessTokenSource = AccessTokenSource.NONE,
 ): PairingProbeResult =
-    runPairingProbeCore(endpoint, http, ws, timeout = Tunables.PAIRING_PROBE_TIMEOUT)
+    runPairingProbeCore(endpoint, http, ws, timeout = Tunables.PAIRING_PROBE_TIMEOUT, tokens = tokens)
 
 /**
  * Deterministic probe core. [timeout] `null` = no app-level deadline (the transport's own timeouts
@@ -63,9 +66,10 @@ internal suspend fun runPairingProbeCore(
     http: HttpTransport,
     ws: TermTransport,
     timeout: Duration?,
+    tokens: AccessTokenSource = AccessTokenSource.NONE,
 ): PairingProbeResult {
-    if (timeout == null) return performProbe(endpoint, http, ws)
-    return withTimeoutOrNull(timeout) { performProbe(endpoint, http, ws) }
+    if (timeout == null) return performProbe(endpoint, http, ws, tokens)
+    return withTimeoutOrNull(timeout) { performProbe(endpoint, http, ws, tokens) }
         ?: PairingProbeResult.Failure(PairingError.Timeout)
 }
 
@@ -75,10 +79,16 @@ private suspend fun performProbe(
     endpoint: HostEndpoint,
     http: HttpTransport,
     ws: TermTransport,
+    tokens: AccessTokenSource,
 ): PairingProbeResult {
+    // The access token (if any) rides BOTH HTTP legs as the hand-written auth cookie. The WS leg gets
+    // it from the transport's own AccessTokenSource (the same store), so all three legs authenticate.
+    val cookieHeaders = authHeaders(tokens.tokenFor(endpoint))
+
     // ① Reachability + shape. Any HTTP-level answer that isn't the /live-sessions array shape
-    //    means "some other service" → httpOkButNotWebTerminal ("端口对吗?").
-    probeReachability(endpoint, http)?.let { return it }
+    //    means "some other service" → httpOkButNotWebTerminal ("端口对吗?"); a 401 means this host
+    //    wants an access token we do not have.
+    probeReachability(endpoint, http, cookieHeaders)?.let { return it }
 
     // ② WS upgrade — the server's ONLY upgrade-reject path is the Origin 401, so after ① passed an
     //    unrecognizable connect failure is classified as originRejected.
@@ -105,7 +115,7 @@ private suspend fun performProbe(
     return try {
         when (val adoption = adoptAttachedSession(connection)) {
             is Adoption.Failure -> PairingProbeResult.Failure(adoption.error)
-            is Adoption.Success -> killProbeSession(adoption.sessionId, endpoint, http)
+            is Adoption.Success -> killProbeSession(adoption.sessionId, endpoint, http, cookieHeaders)
         }
     } finally {
         withContext(NonCancellable) { runCatching { connection.close() } }
@@ -120,14 +130,20 @@ private suspend fun performProbe(
 private suspend fun probeReachability(
     endpoint: HostEndpoint,
     http: HttpTransport,
+    authHeaders: Map<String, String>,
 ): PairingProbeResult.Failure? {
     val response = try {
-        http.send(HttpRequest(method = HttpMethod.GET, url = liveSessionsUrl(endpoint)))
+        http.send(HttpRequest(method = HttpMethod.GET, url = liveSessionsUrl(endpoint), headers = authHeaders))
     } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
         throw cancel
     } catch (error: Throwable) {
         return PairingProbeResult.Failure(PairingError.classify(error, endpoint))
     }
+    // Checked BEFORE the shape check: the 401 body is the server's auth JSON, not a session array, and
+    // reporting "端口对吗?" for a token problem would send the user chasing the wrong thing.
+    if (response.status == HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED) {
+        return PairingProbeResult.Failure(PairingError.AccessTokenRequired)
+    }
     if (response.status != HTTP_OK || !isJsonArray(response.body)) {
         return PairingProbeResult.Failure(PairingError.HttpOkButNotWebTerminal)
     }
@@ -162,13 +178,14 @@ private suspend fun killProbeSession(
     sessionId: String,
     endpoint: HostEndpoint,
     http: HttpTransport,
+    authHeaders: Map<String, String>,
 ): PairingProbeResult {
     val response = try {
         http.send(
             HttpRequest(
                 method = HttpMethod.DELETE,
                 url = killUrl(endpoint, sessionId),
-                headers = mapOf(ORIGIN_HEADER to endpoint.originHeader),
+                headers = authHeaders + (ORIGIN_HEADER to endpoint.originHeader),
             ),
         )
     } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
@@ -178,6 +195,7 @@ private suspend fun killProbeSession(
     }
     return when (response.status) {
         HTTP_NO_CONTENT, HTTP_NOT_FOUND -> PairingProbeResult.Success(endpoint)
+        HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED -> PairingProbeResult.Failure(PairingError.AccessTokenRequired)
         HTTP_FORBIDDEN -> PairingProbeResult.Failure(
             PairingError.OriginRejected(PairingError.originRejectedHint(endpoint)),
         )
@@ -219,9 +237,17 @@ private fun httpBaseUrl(endpoint: HostEndpoint): String {
     return "$scheme://$host$portPart"
 }
 
+/**
+ * `Cookie: webterm_auth=<t>` for the probe's HTTP legs, or NO header when the host has no token —
+ * derived from the single point ([AuthCookie]), never hand-assembled.
+ */
+private fun authHeaders(token: String?): Map<String, String> =
+    if (token == null) emptyMap() else mapOf(AuthCookie.HEADER_NAME to AuthCookie.headerValue(token))
+
 private const val LIVE_SESSIONS_PATH = "/live-sessions"
 private const val ORIGIN_HEADER = "Origin"
 private const val HTTP_OK = 200
+private const val HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED = 401
 private const val HTTP_NO_CONTENT = 204
 private const val HTTP_FORBIDDEN = 403
 private const val HTTP_NOT_FOUND = 404

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/routes/ApiClient.kt

@@ -11,14 +11,20 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.PrStatus
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.ProjectDetail
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.ProjectInfo
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.PruneWorktreesResult
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.QueueSnapshot
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.QueueWriteOutcome
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.decodeQueueDepth
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.FetchResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.PushResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.RemoveWorktreeResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.SessionPreview
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.StageResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.UiConfig
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.UiPrefs
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.WorktreeState
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.decodeGitError
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.decodeGitPayload
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AccessTokenSource
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpResponse
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpTransport
@@ -36,10 +42,18 @@ import java.util.UUID
  *
  * The server is UNTRUSTED at this boundary: bodies decode tolerantly (malformed entries dropped),
  * statuses map to explicit [ApiClientError]s, and nothing here crashes on bad input.
+ *
+ * **Access token (ios-completion §1.1):** [tokens] is consulted once per request and its token is
+ * stamped as `Cookie: webterm_auth=<t>` on EVERY route (RO included) inside the same single point that
+ * stamps `Origin` ([ApiRoute.toHttpRequest]). The default [AccessTokenSource.NONE] means "no token" —
+ * an unauthenticated LAN host behaves exactly as before. A **401** becomes the typed
+ * [ApiClientError.Unauthorized] so the UI can send the user to re-enter the token — except on the
+ * routes that define their own 401 ([UnauthorizedPolicy.ROUTE_DEFINED], the git-write family).
  */
 public class ApiClient(
     public val endpoint: HostEndpoint,
     private val http: HttpTransport,
+    private val tokens: AccessTokenSource = AccessTokenSource.NONE,
 ) {
     // ── RO (read-only — NO Origin header) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
@@ -135,6 +149,19 @@ public class ApiClient(
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * `GET /live-sessions/:id/queue` (W2) — the pending prompt queue: depth + the queued texts,
+     * verbatim. READ-ONLY, so no Origin (the server guards only the two writes). 404 → the session is
+     * gone; a non-object body → [ApiClientError.InvalidResponseBody] rather than a fake empty queue
+     * (claiming "nothing queued" when entries exist would mislead a cancel-all decision).
+     */
+    public suspend fun queue(id: UUID): QueueSnapshot {
+        val response = perform(Endpoints.queue(id))
+        requireOk(response)
+        return LossyDecode.objectOrNull(response.body, QueueSnapshot.serializer())
+            ?: throw ApiClientError.InvalidResponseBody
+    }
+
     /** `GET /prefs` — the cross-device favourites/collapse blob. A non-object body throws
      *  `InvalidResponseBody` (never silently degrades — an empty-based PUT would wipe the blob). */
     public suspend fun prefs(): UiPrefs {
@@ -180,6 +207,52 @@ public class ApiClient(
         }
     }
 
+    // ── G: W2 prompt queue (enqueue / cancel-all) → QueueWriteOutcome ──────────────────────
+
+    /**
+     * `POST /live-sessions/:id/queue` (W2) — queue a follow-up prompt the server injects into the PTY
+     * the next time Claude goes idle. Works with zero tabs attached, which is the whole point.
+     *
+     * [text] travels VERBATIM (invariant #9 — raw keyboard bytes for a shell); [appendEnter] is a flag
+     * the SERVER turns into a trailing `\r`, so callers must not append one. An empty prompt is
+     * rejected as [ApiClientError.QueueTextEmpty] before any network I/O; size is NOT pre-checked
+     * client-side (the byte cap is server config) — an over-cap prompt comes back as
+     * [QueueWriteOutcome.TooLarge].
+     */
+    public suspend fun enqueueFollowup(id: UUID, text: String, appendEnter: Boolean = true): QueueWriteOutcome {
+        if (text.isEmpty()) throw ApiClientError.QueueTextEmpty
+        return queueWrite(Endpoints.enqueueFollowup(id, text, appendEnter))
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * `DELETE /live-sessions/:id/queue` (W2) — cancel every pending entry (escape hatch). 200 →
+     * [QueueWriteOutcome.Ok] with depth 0.
+     */
+    public suspend fun clearQueue(id: UUID): QueueWriteOutcome = queueWrite(Endpoints.clearQueue(id))
+
+    /**
+     * Shared status mapping for the two guarded queue writes. Distinct typed outcomes because each one
+     * demands different UI behaviour (see [QueueWriteOutcome]); in particular a 429 from the shared
+     * `QUEUE_RATE_MAX = 20`/min/IP bucket is surfaced, NEVER auto-retried. Only 409/413/503 are
+     * POST-specific — the DELETE handler cannot produce them.
+     */
+    private suspend fun queueWrite(route: ApiRoute): QueueWriteOutcome {
+        val response = perform(route)
+        return when (response.status) {
+            HttpStatus.OK -> QueueWriteOutcome.Ok(decodeQueueDepth(response.body))
+            HttpStatus.CONFLICT -> QueueWriteOutcome.Full
+            HttpStatus.PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE -> QueueWriteOutcome.TooLarge
+            HttpStatus.SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE -> QueueWriteOutcome.Disabled
+            HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND -> QueueWriteOutcome.SessionGone
+            HttpStatus.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS -> QueueWriteOutcome.RateLimited
+            // `decodeGitError` reads the generic `{ error }` failure shape the queue routes share with
+            // the git ones (400/403 here) — reused rather than duplicated.
+            in HttpStatus.CLIENT_ERROR_MIN..HttpStatus.SERVER_ERROR_MAX ->
+                QueueWriteOutcome.Rejected(response.status, decodeGitError(response.body))
+            else -> throw ApiClientError.UnexpectedStatus(response.status)
+        }
+    }
+
     // ── G: git-write ops (worktree + git stage/commit/push) → GitWriteOutcome ──────────────
 
     /** `POST /projects/worktree` — create a worktree for `branch` (off optional `base`). */
@@ -206,6 +279,36 @@ public class ApiClient(
     public suspend fun gitPush(path: String): GitWriteOutcome<PushResult> =
         gitWrite(Endpoints.gitPush(path), PushResult.serializer())
 
+    /**
+     * `POST /projects/git/fetch` (w6/G2) — refresh `refs/remotes` so `behind` becomes trustworthy.
+     *
+     * Shares the guarded-write dispatch, so a disabled kill-switch or an Origin failure both surface as
+     * [GitWriteOutcome.Rejected] with the server's safe message. Fetch has its OWN rate-limit bucket on
+     * the server precisely so refreshes cannot eat the budget a real push needs — surface a 429 rather
+     * than retrying.
+     */
+    public suspend fun gitFetch(path: String): GitWriteOutcome<FetchResult> =
+        gitWrite(Endpoints.gitFetch(path), FetchResult.serializer())
+
+    /**
+     * `GET /projects/worktree/state?path=` (w6/G7) — the per-row git state of ONE worktree.
+     *
+     * Mapped like the other project reads. A malformed body throws rather than degrading to an empty
+     * state: a row that silently claims "clean, in sync" would be a lie, and the caller is expected to
+     * isolate this failure to its own row (the panel must still render).
+     */
+    public suspend fun worktreeState(path: String): WorktreeState {
+        if (path.isEmpty()) throw ApiClientError.ProjectPathInvalid
+        val response = perform(Endpoints.worktreeState(path))
+        return when (response.status) {
+            HttpStatus.OK -> LossyDecode.objectOrNull(response.body, WorktreeState.serializer())
+                ?: throw ApiClientError.InvalidResponseBody
+            HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST -> throw ApiClientError.ProjectPathInvalid
+            HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND -> throw ApiClientError.ProjectNotFound
+            else -> throw ApiClientError.UnexpectedStatus(response.status)
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Shared guarded-write dispatch + status mapping (plan §4.3): 200→[GitWriteOutcome.Ok] with the
      * decoded payload; 429→[GitWriteOutcome.RateLimited]; any other 4xx/5xx→[GitWriteOutcome.Rejected]
@@ -249,9 +352,27 @@ public class ApiClient(
 
     // ── Internals ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
+    /**
+     * The ONE dispatch point: stamp Origin (iff guarded) + the auth cookie (iff a token is stored),
+     * send, and translate a **401** into the typed [ApiClientError.Unauthorized] BEFORE any per-route
+     * status mapping — otherwise a 401 on a read route would degrade into a generic status error and
+     * the UI would never learn to ask for the token (ios-completion §1.1).
+     *
+     * The one exception is declared AT the route ([UnauthorizedPolicy.ROUTE_DEFINED], the git-write
+     * family): there a 401 is the server classifying a HOST-side git credential failure
+     * (`src/http/git-ops.ts:108`), so it must flow on to [gitWrite]'s mapping and reach the user as the
+     * server's own message. Swallowing it would tell the user to rotate an access token that is fine.
+     */
     private suspend fun perform(route: ApiRoute): HttpResponse {
-        val request = route.toHttpRequest(endpoint) ?: throw ApiClientError.InvalidRequest
-        return http.send(request)
+        val request = route.toHttpRequest(endpoint, tokens.tokenFor(endpoint))
+            ?: throw ApiClientError.InvalidRequest
+        val response = http.send(request)
+        if (response.status == HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED &&
+            route.unauthorizedPolicy == UnauthorizedPolicy.ACCESS_TOKEN_GATE
+        ) {
+            throw ApiClientError.Unauthorized
+        }
+        return response
     }
 
     /** 200 → ok; 404 → `SessionNotFound`; anything else → `UnexpectedStatus`. */

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/routes/ApiClientError.kt

@@ -20,6 +20,15 @@ public sealed class ApiClientError(public val userMessage: String) : Exception(u
     /** 404 on a `/live-sessions/:id/…` sub-route — the session is gone (exited / reaped / killed). */
     public data object SessionNotFound : ApiClientError("会话已不存在（可能已退出或被清理）。")
 
+    /**
+     * **401** from a route whose 401 can only be the access-token gate (RO or guarded): this host has
+     * `WEBTERM_TOKEN` set and our request carried no cookie / a wrong one (ios-completion §1.1).
+     * Distinct from [Forbidden] (that is the Origin guard) — the UI must send the user to enter or fix
+     * the host's access token. The git-write family is excluded (it defines its own 401 — see
+     * [UnauthorizedPolicy]), so this copy can never be shown for a host-side git credential failure.
+     */
+    public data object Unauthorized : ApiClientError("此主机需要访问令牌，或令牌已失效。请重新输入访问令牌。")
+
     /** 403 from a G route's Origin guard (CSWSH defence). */
     public data object Forbidden : ApiClientError("服务器拒绝了此来源（Origin 校验未通过）。")
 
@@ -44,6 +53,11 @@ public sealed class ApiClientError(public val userMessage: String) : Exception(u
     /** 500 from `GET /projects/detail` — the server failed reading the repo. */
     public data object ProjectDetailUnavailable : ApiClientError("读取项目详情失败，请稍后再试。")
 
+    /** An empty follow-up prompt was passed to `POST /live-sessions/:id/queue` (which the server 400s
+     *  as `text must be a non-empty string`). Raised client-side, before any network I/O — mirrors the
+     *  [ProjectPathInvalid] precedent. */
+    public data object QueueTextEmpty : ApiClientError("要排队的内容为空——请先输入要发送的提示词。")
+
     /** 500 from `GET /projects/log` — the server failed reading the git log. */
     public data object GitLogUnavailable : ApiClientError("读取提交记录失败，请稍后再试。")
 

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/routes/ApiRoute.kt

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes
 
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AuthCookie
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpMethod
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpRequest
@@ -10,10 +11,14 @@ internal object HttpStatus {
     const val OK = 200
     const val NO_CONTENT = 204
     const val BAD_REQUEST = 400
+    const val UNAUTHORIZED = 401
     const val FORBIDDEN = 403
     const val NOT_FOUND = 404
+    const val CONFLICT = 409
+    const val PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE = 413
     const val TOO_MANY_REQUESTS = 429
     const val INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR = 500
+    const val SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = 503
 
     /** Inclusive bounds of the 4xx/5xx band a guarded-write maps to a `Rejected` outcome. */
     const val CLIENT_ERROR_MIN = 400
@@ -24,6 +29,12 @@ internal object HttpStatus {
 internal object HeaderName {
     const val ORIGIN = "Origin"
     const val CONTENT_TYPE = "Content-Type"
+
+    /**
+     * Explicit on the `/auth` probe: the server treats an `Accept` containing `text/html` as a browser
+     * form submit and answers **302** instead of 204/401 (`src/server.ts` `acceptsHtml`).
+     */
+    const val ACCEPT = "Accept"
 }
 
 internal object ContentType {
@@ -44,6 +55,23 @@ internal enum class OriginPolicy {
     GUARDED,
 }
 
+/**
+ * How a **401** on this route must be READ (ios-completion §1.1) — declared at the route so the
+ * exception is visible instead of hidden in a call site. The Android analogue of iOS
+ * `UnauthorizedPolicy` (APIClient/Endpoints.swift).
+ */
+internal enum class UnauthorizedPolicy {
+    /** Default — on this route a 401 can only be the access-token gate (`src/server.ts:465`). */
+    ACCESS_TOKEN_GATE,
+
+    /**
+     * The route owns its 401 and it must NOT be read as "your access token is wrong": the git-write
+     * family, where the server classifies a HOST-side git credential failure as
+     * `{status:401, error:"Push authentication required on the host."}` (`src/http/git-ops.ts:108`).
+     */
+    ROUTE_DEFINED,
+}
+
 /**
  * One buildable API route — an immutable snapshot; building never mutates. The Android analogue of
  * iOS `APIRoute`. [percentEncodedQuery] is pre-encoded ONCE by the route builder (never at call
@@ -55,19 +83,37 @@ internal class ApiRoute(
     val originPolicy: OriginPolicy,
     val body: ByteArray? = null,
     val percentEncodedQuery: String? = null,
+    /** Explicit `Accept` when the server's behaviour depends on it (the `/auth` probe). */
+    val accept: String? = null,
+    /** See [UnauthorizedPolicy]. Defaults to the gate reading. */
+    val unauthorizedPolicy: UnauthorizedPolicy = UnauthorizedPolicy.ACCESS_TOKEN_GATE,
 ) {
     /**
      * Build the [HttpRequest] against [endpoint]'s scheme/host/port: the path is REPLACED, the
      * query is REPLACED by [percentEncodedQuery] (dropped when null), fragment/credentials are
      * dropped — the same derivation philosophy as `HostEndpoint.wsUrl`. Returns `null` if the base
      * URL cannot be parsed (surfaced by the client as `InvalidRequest`).
+     *
+     * Two headers are stamped HERE and only here, and they are ORTHOGONAL (ios-completion §1.1):
+     *  - `Origin` **iff** the route is [OriginPolicy.GUARDED] (the CSWSH 铁律, unchanged);
+     *  - `Cookie: webterm_auth=<t>` whenever [accessToken] is non-null — on EVERY route, read-only
+     *    ones included, because the server's access-token gate sits in front of the whole app. A null
+     *    token adds no header at all, keeping an unauthenticated host byte-identical to before.
+     * The token is secret material: it is only ever placed in this header — never in [path], never in
+     * [percentEncodedQuery], never logged.
      */
-    fun toHttpRequest(endpoint: HostEndpoint): HttpRequest? {
+    fun toHttpRequest(endpoint: HostEndpoint, accessToken: String? = null): HttpRequest? {
         val url = buildUrl(endpoint.baseUrl, path, percentEncodedQuery) ?: return null
         val headers = LinkedHashMap<String, String>()
         if (originPolicy == OriginPolicy.GUARDED) {
             headers[HeaderName.ORIGIN] = endpoint.originHeader
         }
+        if (accessToken != null) {
+            headers[AuthCookie.HEADER_NAME] = AuthCookie.headerValue(accessToken)
+        }
+        if (accept != null) {
+            headers[HeaderName.ACCEPT] = accept
+        }
         if (body != null) {
             headers[HeaderName.CONTENT_TYPE] = ContentType.JSON
         }

android/api-client/src/main/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/routes/Endpoints.kt

@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ import java.util.UUID
  * `Prefs` / `Projects` / `ApnsToken`). The apns-token pair is ported as the Android **fcm-token**
  * pair (this client uses FCM, not APNs/VAPID).
  *
- * RO (no Origin): `GET /live-sessions` · `.../:id/preview` · `.../:id/events` · `GET /config/ui`
- *                 · `GET /projects` · `GET /projects/detail?path=` · `GET /prefs`
- * G  (Origin byte-equal): `DELETE /live-sessions/:id` · `POST /hook/decision` · `PUT /prefs`
- *                 · `POST|DELETE /push/fcm-token`
+ * RO (no Origin): `GET /live-sessions` · `.../:id/preview` · `.../:id/events` · `.../:id/queue`
+ *                 · `GET /config/ui` · `GET /projects` · `GET /projects/detail?path=` · `GET /prefs`
+ * G  (Origin byte-equal): `DELETE /live-sessions/:id` · `POST|DELETE /live-sessions/:id/queue`
+ *                 · `POST /hook/decision` · `PUT /prefs` · `POST|DELETE /push/fcm-token`
  *
  * KNOWN WIRE-PARITY GAP (intentional, not drift): the `POST|DELETE /push/fcm-token` pair is AHEAD
  * of the server. Its server route is delivered by plan task **A33** (`src/push/fcm.ts` +
@@ -54,9 +54,29 @@ internal object Endpoints {
             percentEncodedQuery = "path=${percentEncode(path)}",
         )
 
+    /**
+     * `GET /projects/worktree/state?path=` — RO (w6/G7). Deliberately NARROWER than
+     * `/projects/detail`: it is fetched once per worktree row, so N rows must not each pay for a
+     * worktree listing and a CLAUDE.md read that nothing renders.
+     */
+    fun worktreeState(path: String): ApiRoute =
+        ApiRoute(
+            HttpMethod.GET,
+            "/projects/worktree/state",
+            OriginPolicy.READ_ONLY,
+            percentEncodedQuery = "path=${percentEncode(path)}",
+        )
+
     fun getPrefs(): ApiRoute =
         ApiRoute(HttpMethod.GET, "/prefs", OriginPolicy.READ_ONLY)
 
+    /**
+     * `GET /live-sessions/:id/queue` — RO (W2). Same threat model as `GET /live-sessions`, so the
+     * server stamps no Origin guard on it and neither may we.
+     */
+    fun queue(id: UUID): ApiRoute =
+        ApiRoute(HttpMethod.GET, queuePath(id), OriginPolicy.READ_ONLY)
+
     /** `GET /projects/pr?path=` — RO PR + CI status. `path` strict-percent-encoded (as detail). */
     fun projectPr(path: String): ApiRoute =
         ApiRoute(
@@ -114,7 +134,40 @@ internal object Endpoints {
 
     private const val FCM_TOKEN_PATH = "/push/fcm-token"
 
+    // ── G: access-token validation probe (`POST /auth`, ios-completion §1.1) ───────────────
+
+    /**
+     * `POST /auth` — the pairing-time token-validation probe. Body `{"token":"<t>"}`.
+     *
+     * Two non-obvious requirements, both server-driven (`src/server.ts`):
+     *  - **`Accept` must not contain `text/html`.** The route is dual-mode: an HTML-accepting request
+     *    is treated as a browser form and answered with a **302** redirect instead of 204/401.
+     *  - the route sits BEFORE the auth gate, so it is the one request that legitimately carries no
+     *    auth cookie (the token is in the body — this IS the login).
+     *
+     * Guarded (a state-changing POST) so it stamps `Origin` like every other write; the server does not
+     * Origin-check `/auth`, but keeping the Origin-iff-guarded rule uniform avoids a special case.
+     */
+    fun auth(token: String): ApiRoute {
+        val body = ModelJson.encodeToString(AuthBody.serializer(), AuthBody(token)).encodeToByteArray()
+        return ApiRoute(
+            HttpMethod.POST,
+            AUTH_PATH,
+            OriginPolicy.GUARDED,
+            body = body,
+            accept = ContentType.JSON,
+        )
+    }
+
+    private const val AUTH_PATH = "/auth"
+
     // ── G: worktree write (create / remove / prune) ────────────────────────────────────────
+    //
+    // Guarded writes, but NOT [UnauthorizedPolicy.ROUTE_DEFINED] (F5): these land in
+    // `src/http/worktrees.ts`, which emits no 401 at all (403 kill-switch / 400 / 404 / 500), and
+    // `src/server.ts:1182-1260` adds none. The only 401 they can ever see is the access-token gate, so
+    // they take the DEFAULT gate reading — pinning them route-defined made a gated host's 401 surface
+    // as a worktree failure instead of the token flow.
 
     /** `POST /projects/worktree` — `{ path, branch[, base] }`. `base` omitted when null. */
     fun createWorktree(path: String, branch: String, base: String?): ApiRoute =
@@ -142,27 +195,98 @@ internal object Endpoints {
 
     /** `POST /projects/git/stage` — `{ path, files, stage }`. */
     fun gitStage(path: String, files: List<String>, stage: Boolean): ApiRoute =
-        jsonBodyRoute(HttpMethod.POST, "/projects/git/stage", StageBody.serializer(), StageBody(path, files, stage))
+        gitWriteRoute(HttpMethod.POST, "/projects/git/stage", StageBody.serializer(), StageBody(path, files, stage))
 
     /** `POST /projects/git/commit` — `{ path, message }`. */
     fun gitCommit(path: String, message: String): ApiRoute =
-        jsonBodyRoute(HttpMethod.POST, "/projects/git/commit", CommitBody.serializer(), CommitBody(path, message))
+        gitWriteRoute(HttpMethod.POST, "/projects/git/commit", CommitBody.serializer(), CommitBody(path, message))
+
+    /**
+     * `POST /projects/git/fetch` — `{ path }` (w6/G2). GUARDED even though it only updates
+     * `refs/remotes`: it is state-changing and spawns a network git process, so it goes through the
+     * single Origin-stamping point like every other write. The remote is derived SERVER-side and no
+     * remote or refspec is ever read from the body, so a client cannot aim it at an arbitrary URL.
+     * It is NOT a pull: no working tree, no index, no merge.
+     */
+    fun gitFetch(path: String): ApiRoute =
+        gitWriteRoute(HttpMethod.POST, "/projects/git/fetch", FetchBody.serializer(), FetchBody(path))
 
     /** `POST /projects/git/push` — `{ path }`. */
     fun gitPush(path: String): ApiRoute =
-        jsonBodyRoute(HttpMethod.POST, "/projects/git/push", PushBody.serializer(), PushBody(path))
+        gitWriteRoute(HttpMethod.POST, "/projects/git/push", PushBody.serializer(), PushBody(path))
 
-    /** Build a GUARDED route with a `ModelJson`-encoded JSON body (Origin stamped in [ApiRoute]). */
+    // ── G: W2 prompt queue (enqueue / cancel-all) ──────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /**
+     * `POST /live-sessions/:id/queue` — G. Body is exactly `{ text, appendEnter }` (express.json,
+     * 16 kb limit).
+     *
+     * [text] is RAW KEYBOARD INPUT for a shell and is carried VERBATIM (invariant #9): JSON string
+     * encoding is the only transformation, and it round-trips byte-exactly through `express.json`.
+     * Never trim/escape/normalise it here. [appendEnter] is a FLAG — the server materialises the
+     * trailing `\r` so the stored entry is byte-identical to a keystroke; the client must not append
+     * one itself.
+     */
+    fun enqueueFollowup(id: UUID, text: String, appendEnter: Boolean): ApiRoute =
+        jsonBodyRoute(
+            HttpMethod.POST,
+            queuePath(id),
+            EnqueueBody.serializer(),
+            EnqueueBody(text, appendEnter),
+        )
+
+    /**
+     * `DELETE /live-sessions/:id/queue` — G, cancel-all escape hatch. Carries **no** body: unlike
+     * `DELETE /projects/worktree` (the body-carrying DELETE precedent), this handler reads only `:id`
+     * and clears the whole FIFO, so a body would be dead weight the server never parses.
+     */
+    fun clearQueue(id: UUID): ApiRoute =
+        ApiRoute(HttpMethod.DELETE, queuePath(id), OriginPolicy.GUARDED)
+
+    private fun queuePath(id: UUID): String = "/live-sessions/${pathId(id)}/queue"
+
+    /**
+     * Build a GUARDED route with a `ModelJson`-encoded JSON body (Origin stamped in [ApiRoute]).
+     *
+     * The 401 reading defaults to [UnauthorizedPolicy.ACCESS_TOKEN_GATE] — correct for every route
+     * whose handler never writes a 401 of its own (the W2 queue: 400/404/429/503 only; the worktree
+     * trio: 403/400/404/500 only). Only the git-ops writes opt out, via [gitWriteRoute].
+     */
     private fun <T> jsonBodyRoute(
         method: HttpMethod,
         path: String,
         serializer: kotlinx.serialization.KSerializer<T>,
         value: T,
+        unauthorizedPolicy: UnauthorizedPolicy = UnauthorizedPolicy.ACCESS_TOKEN_GATE,
     ): ApiRoute {
         val body = ModelJson.encodeToString(serializer, value).encodeToByteArray()
-        return ApiRoute(method, path, OriginPolicy.GUARDED, body = body)
+        return ApiRoute(
+            method,
+            path,
+            OriginPolicy.GUARDED,
+            body = body,
+            unauthorizedPolicy = unauthorizedPolicy,
+        )
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Build a GUARDED **git-ops** route with a `ModelJson`-encoded JSON body (Origin stamped in
+     * [ApiRoute]).
+     *
+     * Every route built here is [UnauthorizedPolicy.ROUTE_DEFINED]: the server classifies a HOST-side
+     * git credential failure as **401** with its own message (`src/http/git-ops.ts:108`), which the UI
+     * must display verbatim instead of the access-token copy (mirrors iOS `gitOpsRoute`).
+     *
+     * Scope is exactly the four routes that reach that classifier — `stage`, `commit`, `push`, `fetch`.
+     * The worktree trio must NOT be built here (F5): its handler has no 401 of its own.
+     */
+    private fun <T> gitWriteRoute(
+        method: HttpMethod,
+        path: String,
+        serializer: kotlinx.serialization.KSerializer<T>,
+        value: T,
+    ): ApiRoute = jsonBodyRoute(method, path, serializer, value, UnauthorizedPolicy.ROUTE_DEFINED)
+
     /** Mirror of `src/http/git-log.ts` `GIT_LOG_MAX` — the server-side `?n=` clamp ceiling. */
     private const val GIT_LOG_MAX = 50
 
@@ -199,6 +323,10 @@ internal object Endpoints {
     @Serializable
     private data class FcmTokenBody(val token: String)
 
+    /** `POST /auth` body. Holds secret material — never log a request built from it. */
+    @Serializable
+    private data class AuthBody(val token: String)
+
     @Serializable
     private data class CreateWorktreeBody(val path: String, val branch: String, val base: String? = null)
 
@@ -216,4 +344,10 @@ internal object Endpoints {
 
     @Serializable
     private data class PushBody(val path: String)
+
+    @kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
+    private data class FetchBody(val path: String)
+
+    @Serializable
+    private data class EnqueueBody(val text: String, val appendEnter: Boolean)
 }

android/api-client/src/test/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/enroll/DeviceEnrollmentClientTest.kt

@@ -253,6 +253,137 @@ class DeviceEnrollmentClientTest {
         assertTrue(transport.recordedRequests.isEmpty())
     }
 
+    @Test
+    fun renewDecodesTheRealServerResponseWhichCarriesNoDeviceId() = runTest {
+        // THE REAL WIRE SHAPE: `/device/:id/renew` answers `{cert, caChain, notAfter}` — it does NOT
+        // echo deviceId/notBefore/renewAfter (only `/device/enroll` does; see
+        // control-plane/src/api/renew.ts). Decoding it against the enroll DTO (deviceId required)
+        // made every silent renewal fail as MalformedResponse. The device id comes from the path we
+        // called, which is authoritative anyway.
+        transport.queueSuccess(
+            method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/device/dev-9/renew", status = 201,
+            body = """{"cert":"MAEC","caChain":["MAED"],"notAfter":"2026-12-06T00:00:00.000Z"}""".toByteArray(),
+        )
+
+        val result = client.renew("dev-9", byteArrayOf(0x02))
+
+        assertEquals("dev-9", result.deviceId, "the device id comes from the path segment we called")
+        assertEquals(Instant.parse("2026-12-06T00:00:00Z"), result.notAfter)
+        assertNull(result.notBefore, "the renew 201 carries no notBefore")
+        assertNull(result.renewAfter, "the renew 201 carries no renewAfter — the client derives it")
+        assertEquals(1, result.caChain.size)
+    }
+
+    // ── recover (EXPIRED-leaf escape hatch — plain HTTPS, cert in the BODY, never mTLS) ──────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun recoverPostsTheExpiredLeafAndAFreshCsrWithNoAuthorizationHeader() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(
+            method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/device/dev-9/recover", status = 201,
+            body = """{"cert":"MAEC","caChain":[],"notAfter":"2026-12-06T00:00:00.000Z"}""".toByteArray(),
+        )
+        val expiredLeaf = byteArrayOf(0x30, 0x11)
+        val csr = byteArrayOf(0x30, 0x22)
+
+        val result = client.recover("dev-9", expiredLeaf, csr)
+
+        val request = transport.recordedRequests.single()
+        assertEquals(HttpMethod.POST, request.method)
+        assertEquals("$BASE/device/dev-9/recover", request.url)
+        // Recovery is NOT mTLS-authenticated and carries no bearer: an expired client certificate
+        // cannot authenticate its own re-issuance (no TLS terminator will even forward one), so the
+        // lapsed cert travels in the BODY and proof-of-possession comes from the CSR self-signature.
+        assertNull(request.headers["Authorization"], "recovery carries no bearer")
+        val obj = bodyObject(request)
+        assertEquals(setOf("cert", "csr"), obj.keys, "the /recover schema is .strict() on {cert, csr}")
+        assertEquals(Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(expiredLeaf), obj["cert"]!!.jsonPrimitive.content)
+        assertEquals(Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(csr), obj["csr"]!!.jsonPrimitive.content)
+        assertEquals("dev-9", result.deviceId)
+        assertEquals(Instant.parse("2026-12-06T00:00:00Z"), result.notAfter)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun recoverPercentEncodesTheDeviceIdPathSegment() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(
+            method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/device/a%2Fb/recover", status = 201,
+            body = """{"cert":"MAEC","caChain":[]}""".toByteArray(),
+        )
+        client.recover("a/b", byteArrayOf(1), byteArrayOf(2))
+        assertEquals("$BASE/device/a%2Fb/recover", transport.recordedRequests.single().url)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun recoverRejectsEmptyArgumentsBeforeAnyNetworkIo() = runTest {
+        assertEquals(
+            DeviceEnrollmentError.InvalidRequest,
+            runCatching { client.recover("", byteArrayOf(1), byteArrayOf(1)) }.exceptionOrNull(),
+        )
+        assertEquals(
+            DeviceEnrollmentError.InvalidRequest,
+            runCatching { client.recover("d", ByteArray(0), byteArrayOf(1)) }.exceptionOrNull(),
+        )
+        assertEquals(
+            DeviceEnrollmentError.InvalidRequest,
+            runCatching { client.recover("d", byteArrayOf(1), ByteArray(0)) }.exceptionOrNull(),
+        )
+        assertTrue(transport.recordedRequests.isEmpty(), "no I/O for a request that cannot succeed")
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun recoverSurfacesA401BeyondTheGraceWindowWithoutLeakingTheCert() = runTest {
+        // Past `DEFAULT_EXPIRED_RENEW_GRACE_MS` the control plane answers a uniform 401. The raised
+        // error must carry the STATUS + the server's `error` code only — never the submitted cert or
+        // CSR bytes, which would put credential material into a crash log.
+        val expiredLeaf = byteArrayOf(0x30, 0x11, 0x22, 0x33)
+        transport.queueSuccess(
+            method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/device/dev-9/recover", status = 401,
+            body = """{"error":"rejected"}""".toByteArray(),
+        )
+
+        val error = runCatching { client.recover("dev-9", expiredLeaf, byteArrayOf(0x30, 0x44)) }.exceptionOrNull()
+
+        assertEquals(DeviceEnrollmentError.Http(401, "rejected"), error)
+        val rendered = "${error!!.message} $error"
+        assertFalse(
+            rendered.contains(Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(expiredLeaf)),
+            "the raised error must not carry the certificate bytes",
+        )
+        assertFalse(rendered.contains("MDE"), "no base64 credential material in the error rendering")
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun recoverSurfacesA403ForARevokedDevice() = runTest {
+        // Recovery NEVER bypasses revocation (renew.test.ts CP6e) — surface the 403 verbatim.
+        transport.queueSuccess(
+            method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/device/dev-9/recover", status = 403,
+            body = """{"error":"rejected"}""".toByteArray(),
+        )
+        assertEquals(
+            DeviceEnrollmentError.Http(403, "rejected"),
+            runCatching { client.recover("dev-9", byteArrayOf(1), byteArrayOf(2)) }.exceptionOrNull(),
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun recoverThrowsMalformedResponseOnAnUndecodable201() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(
+            method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/device/dev-9/recover", status = 201,
+            body = """{"cert":"@@not-base64@@"}""".toByteArray(),
+        )
+        assertEquals(
+            DeviceEnrollmentError.MalformedResponse,
+            runCatching { client.recover("dev-9", byteArrayOf(1), byteArrayOf(2)) }.exceptionOrNull(),
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun theBaseUrlIsReadableSoTheRotationTargetCanBePersisted() = runTest {
+        // The rotation driver must renew against the SAME control plane the device enrolled with; the
+        // enroller persists this alongside the enrollment record.
+        assertEquals(BASE, client.baseUrl)
+        assertEquals(BASE, DeviceEnrollmentClient("$BASE/", transport).baseUrl, "a trailing slash is trimmed")
+    }
+
     // ── isRenewalDue seam ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
     @Test

android/api-client/src/test/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/enroll/RotationPolicyTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.enroll
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import java.time.Duration
+import java.time.Instant
+
+/**
+ * The PURE rotation decision table (repo precedent: `ReconnectMachine`, `LayoutPolicy`,
+ * `TerminalGridMath` — a policy is a function, so it is exhaustively testable with no clock, no
+ * keystore and no network). Ports the iOS `CertificateRotationSchedulerTests` timing cases and adds
+ * the two the phone track needs and iOS lacks: the EXPIRED-leaf `/device/:id/recover` window and the
+ * terminal beyond-grace state.
+ */
+class RotationPolicyTest {
+    private companion object {
+        val NOT_BEFORE: Instant = Instant.parse("2026-08-06T00:00:00Z")
+        val NOT_AFTER: Instant = Instant.parse("2026-10-06T00:00:00Z")
+        // notBefore + 2/3 · 61d lifetime — the value the control plane itself computes.
+        val RENEW_AFTER: Instant = Instant.parse("2026-09-15T16:00:00Z")
+
+        fun state(
+            notAfter: Instant? = NOT_AFTER,
+            renewAfter: Instant? = RENEW_AFTER,
+        ): DeviceRenewalState = DeviceRenewalState(deviceId = "dev-1", notAfter = notAfter, renewAfter = renewAfter)
+    }
+
+    // ── renewAfter derivation (the client MUST derive it: renew/recover 201s carry no renewAfter) ──
+
+    @Test
+    fun renewAfterIsTwoThirdsThroughTheLeafLifetime() {
+        // The control plane computes `notBefore + floor(2/3 · lifetime)` (device-enroll.ts
+        // DEFAULT_RENEW_FRACTION); the client must land on the same instant from the leaf alone,
+        // because `/device/:id/renew` and `/device/:id/recover` return `{cert, caChain, notAfter}`
+        // ONLY — no renewAfter. Without this derivation rotation would fire exactly once, ever.
+        assertEquals(RENEW_AFTER, RotationPolicy.renewAfterFor(NOT_BEFORE, NOT_AFTER))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun renewAfterIsNullWhenEitherBoundIsUnknown() {
+        assertNull(RotationPolicy.renewAfterFor(null, NOT_AFTER))
+        assertNull(RotationPolicy.renewAfterFor(NOT_BEFORE, null))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun renewAfterIsNullForANonsensicalWindow() {
+        // notAfter before notBefore is not a lifetime — degrade to "unknown" (fail-safe: the TLS
+        // stack is the real gate) instead of inventing a past instant that would renew-storm.
+        assertNull(RotationPolicy.renewAfterFor(NOT_AFTER, NOT_BEFORE))
+    }
+
+    // ── the wait branch ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun aLeafInsideItsRenewWindowIsNotDue() {
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.NOT_DUE,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(state(), now = RENEW_AFTER.minusSeconds(1)),
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun aMissingRenewAfterNeverTriggers() {
+        // iOS fail-safe, ported verbatim: absent timing NEVER renews — the TLS stack is the real gate
+        // and the scheduler only pre-empts expiry.
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.NOT_DUE,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(state(renewAfter = null), now = NOT_AFTER.minusSeconds(1)),
+        )
+        assertFalse(state(renewAfter = null).isRenewalDue(NOT_AFTER.minusSeconds(1)))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun anUnknownNotAfterFallsBackToTheRenewAfterBranch() {
+        // A cert whose expiry could not be read must not be treated as expired (that would push a
+        // working device into recovery); it is judged solely on the advisory renew timing.
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.NOT_DUE,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(state(notAfter = null), now = RENEW_AFTER.minusSeconds(1)),
+        )
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.RENEW,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(state(notAfter = null), now = RENEW_AFTER),
+        )
+    }
+
+    // ── the renew branch ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun renewFiresAtTheRenewAfterBoundary() {
+        assertEquals(RotationDecision.RENEW, RotationPolicy.decide(state(), now = RENEW_AFTER))
+        assertTrue(state().isRenewalDue(RENEW_AFTER), "the >= boundary renews (iOS parity)")
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun renewStillFiresAtTheLastInstantBeforeExpiry() {
+        assertEquals(RotationDecision.RENEW, RotationPolicy.decide(state(), now = NOT_AFTER))
+    }
+
+    // ── the recover branch (expired leaf — the phone-track deadlock escape hatch) ───────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun anExpiredLeafInsideTheGraceWindowRecovers() {
+        // mTLS `/renew` cannot authenticate an expired leaf (nginx refuses to forward one at all), so
+        // the only route left is the plain-HTTPS `/device/:id/recover`.
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.RECOVER,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(state(), now = NOT_AFTER.plus(Duration.ofDays(8))),
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun recoveryIsStillAvailableAtTheExactGraceBoundary() {
+        val grace = Duration.ofDays(30)
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.RECOVER,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(state(), now = NOT_AFTER.plus(grace), expiredRecoveryGrace = grace),
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun aLeafExpiredBeyondTheGraceWindowRequiresAFreshEnroll() {
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.RE_ENROLL_REQUIRED,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(state(), now = NOT_AFTER.plus(Duration.ofDays(31))),
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun aZeroGraceDisablesRecoveryEntirely() {
+        // Mirrors the control plane's `expiredRenewGraceMs = 0` posture (renew.test.ts CP6e).
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.RE_ENROLL_REQUIRED,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(
+                state(),
+                now = NOT_AFTER.plusMillis(1),
+                expiredRecoveryGrace = Duration.ZERO,
+            ),
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun theTerminalStateWinsOverTheFailureBackoff() {
+        // Beyond grace nothing can ever succeed, so the answer must be the terminal one even while a
+        // backoff is armed — otherwise the user is told "retrying" forever (the exact failure mode
+        // the agent's 6380 identical warnings came from).
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.RE_ENROLL_REQUIRED,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(
+                state(),
+                now = NOT_AFTER.plus(Duration.ofDays(31)),
+                lastFailureAt = NOT_AFTER.plus(Duration.ofDays(31)).minusSeconds(1),
+            ),
+        )
+    }
+
+    // ── the backoff branch (a failed attempt must not hammer the control plane) ─────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun aRecentFailureBacksOffInsteadOfRetryingImmediately() {
+        // Every foreground fires a pass; the control plane rate-limits renewals to 30/hour/identity,
+        // so an un-throttled retry turns one failure into a 429 storm.
+        val now = RENEW_AFTER.plus(Duration.ofMinutes(1))
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.BACKING_OFF,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(state(), now = now, lastFailureAt = now.minus(Duration.ofMinutes(1))),
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun theBackoffExpiresAndTheRenewIsRetried() {
+        val now = RENEW_AFTER.plus(Duration.ofHours(1))
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.RENEW,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(
+                state(),
+                now = now,
+                lastFailureAt = now.minus(RotationPolicy.DEFAULT_FAILURE_BACKOFF),
+            ),
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun aRecentFailureAlsoThrottlesTheRecoveryPath() {
+        val now = NOT_AFTER.plus(Duration.ofDays(8))
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.BACKING_OFF,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(state(), now = now, lastFailureAt = now.minusSeconds(30)),
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun aFailureNeverTurnsAnIdleLeafIntoAnAttempt() {
+        // NOT_DUE has no attempt to throttle — reporting BACKING_OFF there would be a lie.
+        assertEquals(
+            RotationDecision.NOT_DUE,
+            RotationPolicy.decide(
+                state(),
+                now = RENEW_AFTER.minusSeconds(1),
+                lastFailureAt = RENEW_AFTER.minusSeconds(2),
+            ),
+        )
+    }
+
+    // ── boundary validation ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun negativeDurationsAreRejectedAtTheBoundary() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException::class.java) {
+            RotationPolicy.decide(state(), now = RENEW_AFTER, expiredRecoveryGrace = Duration.ofDays(-1))
+        }
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException::class.java) {
+            RotationPolicy.decide(state(), now = RENEW_AFTER, failureBackoff = Duration.ofMinutes(-1))
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun theStateCarriesNoCredentialInItsToString() {
+        // The rotation state is logged/surfaced; it must never be able to carry key or cert bytes.
+        val rendered = state().toString()
+        assertTrue(rendered.contains("dev-1"), "the non-secret device id is the only identifier here")
+        assertFalse(rendered.contains("MII"), "no DER/PEM material may appear in a loggable rendering")
+    }
+}

android/api-client/src/test/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/models/PromptQueueTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+
+/**
+ * Tolerant decode for the W2 queue read (`GET /live-sessions/:id/queue` → `{length, items}`) and for
+ * the additive `LiveSessionInfo.queueLength` the badge reads. The server is UNTRUSTED here: unknown
+ * keys, missing keys and wrong-typed items must degrade, never crash — and the queued strings, which
+ * are raw keyboard bytes, must come back verbatim.
+ */
+@DisplayName("W2 queue models — tolerant decode + verbatim items")
+class PromptQueueTest {
+    private fun snapshot(json: String): QueueSnapshot? =
+        LossyDecode.objectOrNull(json.toByteArray(), QueueSnapshot.serializer())
+
+    @Test
+    fun `decodes length and items`() {
+        val s = snapshot("""{"length":2,"items":["first","second"]}""")!!
+        assertEquals(2, s.length)
+        assertEquals(listOf("first", "second"), s.items)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `queued items keep control characters and CJK verbatim`() {
+        //  + TAB + CR + CJK, exactly as the server stored the keystroke bytes.
+        val s = snapshot("""{"length":1,"items":["\t你好\r"]}""")!!
+        assertEquals("\t你好\r", s.items.single())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `an empty queue and unknown keys both decode`() {
+        val s = snapshot("""{"length":0,"items":[],"futureField":true}""")!!
+        assertEquals(0, s.length)
+        assertTrue(s.items.isEmpty())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `missing fields fall back to an empty queue and a non-object body is null`() {
+        val s = snapshot("{}")!!
+        assertEquals(0, s.length)
+        assertTrue(s.items.isEmpty())
+
+        assertNull(snapshot("[]"))
+        assertNull(snapshot("garbage"))
+    }
+
+    // ── LiveSessionInfo.queueLength (additive optional, src/types.ts:318) ─────────────────────
+
+    private val base =
+        """{"id":"11111111-2222-3333-4444-555555555555","createdAt":1,"clientCount":0,"exited":false,"cols":80,"rows":24"""
+
+    private fun info(extra: String): LiveSessionInfo? =
+        LossyDecode.objectOrNull("$base$extra}".toByteArray(), LiveSessionInfo.serializer())
+
+    @Test
+    fun `queueLength decodes when present`() {
+        assertEquals(4, info(""","queueLength":4""")!!.queueLength)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `queueLength is null on a pre-W2 server that omits it`() {
+        assertNull(info("")!!.queueLength)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a wrong-typed queueLength does not drop the whole session`() {
+        // A garbled value must not make a running session invisible — the field degrades to null.
+        assertNull(info(",\"queueLength\":\"lots\"")!!.queueLength)
+    }
+}

android/api-client/src/test/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/models/SyncStateTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models
+
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+
+/**
+ * w6/G1 sync state.
+ *
+ * The load-bearing rule, quoted from the server commit that introduced the feature: *"Exactly ONE state
+ * may render green: ↑0 ↓0 AND a fresh fetch. Green means 'I checked, ignore this'; getting it wrong is
+ * lying to the user."* Most of this file exists to pin the ways that could go wrong — above all the
+ * no-upstream fall-through, which the server's own commit message calls "the easiest bug to ship here".
+ */
+@DisplayName("SyncState — when the all-clear may be rendered")
+class SyncStateTest {
+
+    private val json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
+    private val now = 1_700_000_000_000L
+    private fun fresh() = now - 60_000L // a minute ago
+    private fun stale() = now - (SyncState.FETCH_FRESH_WINDOW_MS + 60_000L)
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("decodes the full server shape")
+    fun decodesFull() {
+        val s = json.decodeFromString<SyncState>(
+            """{"upstream":"origin/develop","ahead":9,"behind":0,"lastFetchMs":$now,"detached":false}""",
+        )
+        assertEquals("origin/develop", s.upstream)
+        assertEquals(9, s.ahead)
+        assertEquals(0, s.behind)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("every field is optional — each degrades independently on the server")
+    fun decodesEmpty() {
+        val s = json.decodeFromString<SyncState>("{}")
+        assertNull(s.upstream)
+        assertNull(s.ahead)
+        assertNull(s.behind)
+        assertNull(s.lastFetchMs)
+        assertFalse(s.detached)
+        assertFalse(s.hasUpstream)
+    }
+
+    // ── the green state ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("↑0 ↓0 with a fresh fetch is the ONLY green state")
+    fun theOneGreenState() {
+        val s = SyncState(upstream = "origin/main", ahead = 0, behind = 0, lastFetchMs = fresh())
+        assertTrue(s.isFullySynced(now))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("NO UPSTREAM is never green — the fall-through the server calls the easiest bug here")
+    fun noUpstreamIsNeverGreen() {
+        // The normal state of a fresh worktree branch. ahead/behind are UNDEFINED, not zero.
+        val s = SyncState(upstream = null, ahead = null, behind = null, lastFetchMs = fresh())
+        assertFalse(s.isFullySynced(now), "a branch tracking nothing has not been verified as in sync")
+        assertFalse(s.hasUpstream)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("undefined counts are not zero, even with an upstream and a fresh fetch")
+    fun undefinedCountsAreNotZero() {
+        assertFalse(SyncState("origin/main", ahead = null, behind = 0, lastFetchMs = fresh()).isFullySynced(now))
+        assertFalse(SyncState("origin/main", ahead = 0, behind = null, lastFetchMs = fresh()).isFullySynced(now))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("a stale fetch is not green — behind=0 from a stale FETCH_HEAD proves nothing")
+    fun staleFetchIsNotGreen() {
+        val s = SyncState("origin/main", ahead = 0, behind = 0, lastFetchMs = stale())
+        assertFalse(s.isFullySynced(now))
+        assertTrue(s.isBehindStale(now))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("never fetched is not green")
+    fun neverFetchedIsNotGreen() {
+        val s = SyncState("origin/main", ahead = 0, behind = 0, lastFetchMs = null)
+        assertFalse(s.isFullySynced(now))
+        assertFalse(s.isFetchFresh(now))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("a detached HEAD is not green")
+    fun detachedIsNotGreen() {
+        val s = SyncState("origin/main", ahead = 0, behind = 0, lastFetchMs = fresh(), detached = true)
+        assertFalse(s.isFullySynced(now))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("anything unpushed or unpulled is not green")
+    fun pendingWorkIsNotGreen() {
+        assertFalse(SyncState("origin/main", ahead = 1, behind = 0, lastFetchMs = fresh()).isFullySynced(now))
+        assertFalse(SyncState("origin/main", ahead = 0, behind = 1, lastFetchMs = fresh()).isFullySynced(now))
+    }
+
+    // ── freshness edges ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("a fetch timestamp in the future is not treated as fresh")
+    fun futureFetchIsNotFresh() {
+        val s = SyncState("origin/main", ahead = 0, behind = 0, lastFetchMs = now + 60_000L)
+        assertFalse(s.isFetchFresh(now), "clock skew is not evidence that we checked")
+        assertFalse(s.isFullySynced(now))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("the freshness boundary is inclusive at exactly the window")
+    fun boundaryInclusive() {
+        val atEdge = SyncState("origin/main", ahead = 0, behind = 0, lastFetchMs = now - SyncState.FETCH_FRESH_WINDOW_MS)
+        assertTrue(atEdge.isFetchFresh(now))
+        val pastEdge = SyncState("origin/main", ahead = 0, behind = 0, lastFetchMs = now - SyncState.FETCH_FRESH_WINDOW_MS - 1)
+        assertFalse(pastEdge.isFetchFresh(now))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("staleness is only claimed when there is an upstream to be stale about")
+    fun noUpstreamIsNotStale() {
+        assertFalse(SyncState(upstream = null, lastFetchMs = null).isBehindStale(now))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("WorktreeState decodes the narrow per-row shape")
+    fun worktreeStateDecodes() {
+        val w = json.decodeFromString<WorktreeState>(
+            """{"path":"/repo/.claude/worktrees/x","branch":"wt-x","dirtyCount":3,
+               "sync":{"upstream":"origin/wt-x","ahead":2}}""",
+        )
+        assertEquals("wt-x", w.branch)
+        assertEquals(3, w.dirtyCount)
+        assertEquals(2, w.sync?.ahead)
+    }
+}

android/api-client/src/test/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/pairing/AuthProbeTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing
+
+import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.testsupport.FakeHttpTransport
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AuthCookie
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpMethod
+import java.io.IOException
+
+/**
+ * B5 · `POST /auth` as the pairing-time validation probe (FROZEN contract, ios-completion §1.1).
+ *
+ * The four distinct server outcomes must stay distinguishable:
+ *  | 204 **with** `Set-Cookie` | token correct → persist it                                  |
+ *  | 204 **without** `Set-Cookie` | the host has NO auth configured → do NOT persist, and do NOT treat as authenticated |
+ *  | 401 | the token is wrong → UI says "令牌不正确"                                            |
+ *  | 429 | rate-limited (10/min/IP) → UI says "尝试过多"                                        |
+ *
+ * Plus the request shape the server needs: JSON body `{"token":"<t>"}` and an `Accept` that does NOT
+ * contain `text/html` (an HTML-accepting request is treated as a browser form and answered with a 302
+ * instead of 204/401).
+ */
+class AuthProbeTest {
+    private companion object {
+        const val BASE = "http://192.168.1.5:3000"
+        const val TOKEN = "0123456789abcdefTOKEN"
+    }
+
+    private val endpoint: HostEndpoint = requireNotNull(HostEndpoint.fromBaseUrl(BASE))
+    private val transport = FakeHttpTransport()
+
+    private fun queueAuth(status: Int, headers: Map<String, String> = emptyMap()) {
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/auth", status = status, headers = headers)
+    }
+
+    private val setCookieHeader = mapOf(
+        "Set-Cookie" to "${AuthCookie.NAME}=$TOKEN; Path=/; Max-Age=2592000; HttpOnly; SameSite=Strict",
+    )
+
+    // ── the four frozen outcomes ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `204 with Set-Cookie means the token is correct`() = runTest {
+        queueAuth(204, setCookieHeader)
+
+        assertEquals(AuthProbeResult.Accepted, probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, TOKEN))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `204 without Set-Cookie means the host has no auth configured`() = runTest {
+        queueAuth(204)
+
+        assertEquals(
+            AuthProbeResult.AuthDisabled,
+            probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, TOKEN),
+            "204-no-cookie must NEVER be read as 'authenticated' (frozen §1.1)",
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `401 means the token is wrong`() = runTest {
+        queueAuth(401)
+
+        assertEquals(AuthProbeResult.InvalidToken, probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, TOKEN))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `429 means rate-limited`() = runTest {
+        queueAuth(429)
+
+        assertEquals(AuthProbeResult.RateLimited, probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, TOKEN))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `any other status is surfaced as Unexpected with the code`() = runTest {
+        queueAuth(302) // e.g. a proxy/login redirect — never silently treated as success
+
+        assertEquals(AuthProbeResult.Unexpected(302), probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, TOKEN))
+    }
+
+    // ── request shape ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `the probe posts the token as JSON with an Accept that excludes text-html`() = runTest {
+        queueAuth(204, setCookieHeader)
+
+        probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, TOKEN)
+
+        val request = transport.recordedRequests.single()
+        assertEquals(HttpMethod.POST, request.method)
+        assertEquals("$BASE/auth", request.url)
+        assertEquals("""{"token":"$TOKEN"}""", request.body?.decodeToString())
+        assertEquals("application/json", request.headers["Content-Type"])
+        val accept = request.headers["Accept"].orEmpty()
+        assertTrue(accept.isNotEmpty(), "Accept must be explicit, not left to the HTTP stack")
+        assertFalse(accept.contains("text/html"), "text/html would make the server answer 302, not 204/401")
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `the token never appears in the URL`() = runTest {
+        queueAuth(401)
+
+        probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, TOKEN)
+
+        assertFalse(
+            transport.recordedRequests.single().url.contains(TOKEN),
+            "a secret must never travel in a URL (query strings land in logs/history)",
+        )
+    }
+
+    // ── boundary validation + transport failure ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a malformed token is rejected before any network IO`() = runTest {
+        assertEquals(AuthProbeResult.Malformed, probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, "short"))
+        assertEquals(AuthProbeResult.Malformed, probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, "has spaces in it here"))
+
+        assertTrue(transport.recordedRequests.isEmpty(), "a malformed token must not hit the network")
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a whitespace-padded token is trimmed once and accepted`() = runTest {
+        queueAuth(204, setCookieHeader)
+
+        assertEquals(AuthProbeResult.Accepted, probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, "  $TOKEN\n"))
+        assertEquals("""{"token":"$TOKEN"}""", transport.recordedRequests.single().body?.decodeToString())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a transport failure propagates so the caller can classify it`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueFailure(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/auth", error = IOException("refused"))
+
+        val thrown = runCatching { probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, TOKEN) }.exceptionOrNull()
+
+        assertTrue(thrown is IOException, "network classification stays with PairingError.classify")
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a Set-Cookie header is recognised case-insensitively`() = runTest {
+        queueAuth(204, mapOf("set-cookie" to "${AuthCookie.NAME}=$TOKEN; Path=/"))
+
+        assertEquals(AuthProbeResult.Accepted, probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, TOKEN))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a Set-Cookie for some other cookie does not count as accepted`() = runTest {
+        queueAuth(204, mapOf("Set-Cookie" to "sessionid=abc; Path=/"))
+
+        assertEquals(
+            AuthProbeResult.AuthDisabled,
+            probeAccessToken(endpoint, transport, TOKEN),
+            "only a webterm_auth cookie proves the token was accepted",
+        )
+    }
+}

android/api-client/src/test/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/pairing/PairingProbeTokenTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing
+
+import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.testsupport.FakeHttpTransport
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.testsupport.FakeTermTransport
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AccessTokenSource
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AuthCookie
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpMethod
+
+/**
+ * B5 · the two-step pairing probe under an access-token-protected host:
+ *  - both HTTP legs (`GET /live-sessions` and the guarded `DELETE /live-sessions/:id`) carry the
+ *    hand-written `Cookie: webterm_auth=<t>`;
+ *  - a **401** on the reachability leg is [PairingError.AccessTokenRequired] — NOT
+ *    "端口对吗?" ([PairingError.HttpOkButNotWebTerminal]) and NOT an Origin problem, so the UI can ask
+ *    for the token instead of sending the user on a wild goose chase;
+ *  - with no token configured nothing changes (no `Cookie` header at all).
+ */
+class PairingProbeTokenTest {
+    private companion object {
+        const val BASE = "http://192.168.1.5:3000"
+        const val TOKEN = "0123456789abcdefTOKEN"
+        const val SERVER_ID = "11111111-1111-4111-8111-111111111111"
+    }
+
+    private val endpoint: HostEndpoint = requireNotNull(HostEndpoint.fromBaseUrl(BASE))
+    private val http = FakeHttpTransport()
+    private val ws = FakeTermTransport()
+
+    private fun scriptHappyPath() {
+        http.queueSuccess(url = "$BASE/live-sessions", body = "[]".toByteArray())
+        http.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.DELETE, url = "$BASE/live-sessions/$SERVER_ID", status = 204)
+        ws.emit("""{"type":"attached","sessionId":"$SERVER_ID"}""")
+    }
+
+    private suspend fun probe(tokens: AccessTokenSource): PairingProbeResult =
+        runPairingProbeCore(endpoint, http, ws, timeout = null, tokens = tokens)
+
+    @Test
+    fun `both HTTP legs of the probe carry the auth cookie`() = runTest {
+        scriptHappyPath()
+
+        val result = probe(AccessTokenSource { TOKEN })
+
+        assertEquals(PairingProbeResult.Success(endpoint), result)
+        assertEquals(2, http.recordedRequests.size, "reachability GET + guarded kill DELETE")
+        http.recordedRequests.forEach { request ->
+            assertEquals(
+                "${AuthCookie.NAME}=$TOKEN",
+                request.headers[AuthCookie.HEADER_NAME],
+                "every probe request must present the token",
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `with no token the probe requests are byte-identical to before the feature`() = runTest {
+        scriptHappyPath()
+
+        probe(AccessTokenSource.NONE)
+
+        http.recordedRequests.forEach { request ->
+            assertFalse(request.headers.containsKey(AuthCookie.HEADER_NAME))
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a 401 on the reachability leg asks for an access token`() = runTest {
+        http.queueSuccess(url = "$BASE/live-sessions", status = 401, body = """{"error":"authentication required"}""".toByteArray())
+
+        val result = probe(AccessTokenSource.NONE)
+
+        assertEquals(PairingProbeResult.Failure(PairingError.AccessTokenRequired), result)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a 401 on the guarded kill leg also asks for an access token`() = runTest {
+        http.queueSuccess(url = "$BASE/live-sessions", body = "[]".toByteArray())
+        http.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.DELETE, url = "$BASE/live-sessions/$SERVER_ID", status = 401)
+        ws.emit("""{"type":"attached","sessionId":"$SERVER_ID"}""")
+
+        val result = probe(AccessTokenSource.NONE)
+
+        assertEquals(PairingProbeResult.Failure(PairingError.AccessTokenRequired), result)
+    }
+}

android/api-client/src/test/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/routes/AccessTokenCookieTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes
+
+import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.GitWriteOutcome
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.HookDecision
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.testsupport.FakeHttpTransport
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AccessTokenSource
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AuthCookie
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpMethod
+import java.util.UUID
+
+/**
+ * B5 · the access-token cookie on the REST surface (FROZEN contract, ios-completion §1.1):
+ *  - `Cookie: webterm_auth=<t>` is stamped on **EVERY** route — read-only GETs included — because the
+ *    server's auth gate runs in front of the whole app, not just the guarded routes;
+ *  - it is **orthogonal to `Origin`**: a RO route carries the cookie and still NO Origin (the
+ *    Origin-iff-guarded 铁律 is untouched);
+ *  - no token configured ⇒ NO `Cookie` header at all (zero-config LAN behaviour is byte-identical);
+ *  - a **401** on a route whose 401 can only be the gate is the typed [ApiClientError.Unauthorized],
+ *    never a generic status error, so the UI can route the user to re-enter the token — while the
+ *    git-write family, which defines its own 401 (`src/http/git-ops.ts:108`), keeps the server's
+ *    message (E1 fix; see the rewritten push case below).
+ */
+class AccessTokenCookieTest {
+    private companion object {
+        const val BASE = "http://192.168.1.5:3000"
+        const val TOKEN = "0123456789abcdefTOKEN"
+        val ID: UUID = UUID.fromString("11111111-2222-4333-8444-555555555555")
+        const val ID_STR = "11111111-2222-4333-8444-555555555555"
+    }
+
+    private val endpoint: HostEndpoint = requireNotNull(HostEndpoint.fromBaseUrl(BASE))
+    private val transport = FakeHttpTransport()
+
+    private fun clientWithToken(): ApiClient =
+        ApiClient(endpoint, transport, AccessTokenSource { TOKEN })
+
+    private fun clientWithoutToken(): ApiClient = ApiClient(endpoint, transport)
+
+    private suspend fun errorOf(block: suspend () -> Unit): Throwable? = runCatching { block() }.exceptionOrNull()
+
+    private fun assertCookie(index: Int) {
+        val headers = transport.recordedRequests[index].headers
+        assertEquals(
+            "${AuthCookie.NAME}=$TOKEN",
+            headers[AuthCookie.HEADER_NAME],
+            "every request must carry the hand-written auth cookie",
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a read-only GET carries the cookie and still no Origin`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(url = "$BASE/live-sessions", body = "[]".toByteArray())
+
+        clientWithToken().liveSessions()
+
+        assertCookie(0)
+        assertFalse(
+            transport.recordedRequests[0].headers.containsKey(HeaderName.ORIGIN),
+            "the cookie is additive — a RO route must still never carry Origin",
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a guarded write carries BOTH the byte-equal Origin and the cookie`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/hook/decision", status = 204)
+
+        clientWithToken().hookDecision(ID, HookDecision.ALLOW, "cap-tok-123")
+
+        assertCookie(0)
+        assertEquals(endpoint.originHeader, transport.recordedRequests[0].headers[HeaderName.ORIGIN])
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `the cookie rides every route shape - RO query, guarded DELETE and guarded PUT alike`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(
+            url = "$BASE/projects/detail?path=%2Frepo",
+            body = """{"name":"repo","path":"/repo","isGit":true}""".toByteArray(),
+        )
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.DELETE, url = "$BASE/live-sessions/$ID_STR", status = 204)
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.PUT, url = "$BASE/prefs", body = "{}".toByteArray())
+        val client = clientWithToken()
+
+        client.projectDetail("/repo")
+        client.killSession(ID)
+        client.putPrefs(wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.UiPrefs.create())
+
+        assertEquals(3, transport.recordedRequests.size)
+        transport.recordedRequests.indices.forEach { assertCookie(it) }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `no configured token means no Cookie header at all`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(url = "$BASE/live-sessions", body = "[]".toByteArray())
+
+        clientWithoutToken().liveSessions()
+
+        assertFalse(
+            transport.recordedRequests[0].headers.containsKey(AuthCookie.HEADER_NAME),
+            "an unauthenticated host must see a byte-identical request to before the feature",
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `the token is re-read per request so a token stored later takes effect`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(url = "$BASE/live-sessions", body = "[]".toByteArray())
+        transport.queueSuccess(url = "$BASE/live-sessions", body = "[]".toByteArray())
+        var stored: String? = null
+        val client = ApiClient(endpoint, transport, AccessTokenSource { stored })
+
+        client.liveSessions()
+        stored = TOKEN
+        client.liveSessions()
+
+        assertFalse(transport.recordedRequests[0].headers.containsKey(AuthCookie.HEADER_NAME))
+        assertCookie(1)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a 401 on a read-only route throws the typed Unauthorized error`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(url = "$BASE/live-sessions", status = 401, body = """{"error":"authentication required"}""".toByteArray())
+
+        val error = errorOf { clientWithoutToken().liveSessions() }
+
+        assertEquals(ApiClientError.Unauthorized, error)
+        assertTrue(
+            ApiClientError.Unauthorized.userMessage.isNotBlank(),
+            "the UI needs actionable copy for a missing token",
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * E1 · REWRITTEN (this case previously asserted the opposite and pinned a real defect).
+     *
+     * `POST /projects/git/push` defines its OWN 401: `src/http/git-ops.ts:108` classifies a HOST-side
+     * git credential failure ("could not read Username", "permission denied (publickey)", …) as
+     * `{status:401, error:"Push authentication required on the host."}`. Swallowing that into
+     * [ApiClientError.Unauthorized] tells the user their *access token* is broken and sends them to
+     * rotate a secret that is fine, while hiding the real cause. iOS gets this right via
+     * `unauthorizedPolicy: .routeDefined` (APIClient/GitWrite.swift), and plan §4 item 49 requires the
+     * distinction — so the route's own message must reach [GitWriteOutcome.Rejected] verbatim.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun `a 401 on git push is the host's own git-credential failure, surfaced verbatim`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(
+            method = HttpMethod.POST,
+            url = "$BASE/projects/git/push",
+            status = 401,
+            body = """{"ok":false,"error":"Push authentication required on the host."}""".toByteArray(),
+        )
+
+        val outcome = clientWithToken().gitPush("/repo")
+
+        assertEquals(GitWriteOutcome.Rejected(401, "Push authentication required on the host."), outcome)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `the route-defined 401 covers the whole git-ops family, not just push`() = runTest {
+        val body = """{"ok":false,"error":"Push authentication required on the host."}""".toByteArray()
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/projects/git/stage", status = 401, body = body)
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/projects/git/commit", status = 401, body = body)
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/projects/git/fetch", status = 401, body = body)
+        val client = clientWithToken()
+
+        assertEquals(401, (client.gitStage("/repo", listOf("a.txt"), true) as GitWriteOutcome.Rejected).status)
+        assertEquals(401, (client.gitCommit("/repo", "msg") as GitWriteOutcome.Rejected).status)
+        assertEquals(401, (client.gitFetch("/repo") as GitWriteOutcome.Rejected).status)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * F5 · the worktree trio is NOT part of that family. `src/http/worktrees.ts` emits no 401 (403
+     * kill-switch / 400 / 404 / 500 only) and `src/server.ts:1182-1260` adds none, so the ONLY 401 those
+     * routes can ever see is the access-token gate. Reading it as a git rejection stranded the user on a
+     * "worktree failed" message instead of the token flow.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun `a 401 on a worktree write is the access-token gate, not a git rejection`() = runTest {
+        val gateBody = """{"error":"authentication required"}""".toByteArray()
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/projects/worktree", status = 401, body = gateBody)
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.DELETE, url = "$BASE/projects/worktree", status = 401, body = gateBody)
+        transport.queueSuccess(
+            method = HttpMethod.POST,
+            url = "$BASE/projects/worktree/prune",
+            status = 401,
+            body = gateBody,
+        )
+        val client = clientWithToken()
+
+        assertEquals(ApiClientError.Unauthorized, errorOf { client.createWorktree("/repo", "feat/x") })
+        assertEquals(ApiClientError.Unauthorized, errorOf { client.removeWorktree("/repo", "/repo/wt", false) })
+        assertEquals(ApiClientError.Unauthorized, errorOf { client.pruneWorktrees("/repo") })
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a git write with no server message still reports the status, never the token copy`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = "$BASE/projects/git/push", status = 401)
+
+        val outcome = clientWithoutToken().gitPush("/repo")
+
+        assertEquals(GitWriteOutcome.Rejected(401, null), outcome)
+    }
+}

android/api-client/src/test/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/routes/ApiClientQueueTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes
+
+import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.QueueWriteOutcome
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.testsupport.FakeHttpTransport
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpMethod
+import java.util.UUID
+
+/**
+ * Status → outcome mapping for the W2 prompt queue, read off the server handlers
+ * (`src/server.ts` ~605/644/654):
+ *
+ *  POST: 200 `{length}` → [QueueWriteOutcome.Ok] · 409 `{error:"full"}` → `Full` ·
+ *        413 → `TooLarge` · 503 `{error:"queue disabled"}` → `Disabled` ·
+ *        404 `{error:"unknown"|"exited"}` → `SessionGone` · 429 (empty) → `RateLimited` ·
+ *        400/403/anything else → `Rejected(status, safe error)`.
+ *  DELETE: 200 `{length:0}` → `Ok(0)` · 404 → `SessionGone` · 403 → `Rejected`.
+ *  GET: 200 → snapshot · 404 → [ApiClientError.SessionNotFound].
+ *
+ * 429 comes from the shared `QUEUE_RATE_MAX = 20`/min/IP bucket and is a DISTINCT outcome precisely
+ * so no caller auto-retries into it (the `GitWriteOutcome.RateLimited` precedent).
+ */
+@DisplayName("W2 queue — status mapping")
+class ApiClientQueueTest {
+    private companion object {
+        const val BASE = "http://h:3000"
+        val ID: UUID = UUID.fromString("11111111-2222-3333-4444-555555555555")
+    }
+
+    private val transport = FakeHttpTransport()
+    private val client = ApiClient(HostEndpoint.fromBaseUrl(BASE)!!, transport)
+    private val queueUrl = "$BASE/live-sessions/$ID/queue"
+
+    private suspend fun errorOf(block: suspend () -> Unit): Throwable? = runCatching { block() }.exceptionOrNull()
+
+    private fun queuePost(status: Int, body: String = "") =
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = queueUrl, status = status, body = body.toByteArray())
+
+    private fun queueDelete(status: Int, body: String = "") =
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.DELETE, url = queueUrl, status = status, body = body.toByteArray())
+
+    private suspend fun enqueue(text: String = "do the thing") = client.enqueueFollowup(ID, text, appendEnter = true)
+
+    // ── POST ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a 200 yields Ok carrying the new depth`() = runTest {
+        queuePost(200, """{"length":3}""")
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.Ok(3), enqueue())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a 200 with a garbled body still succeeds with an unknown depth of zero`() = runTest {
+        queuePost(200, "not json")
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.Ok(0), enqueue())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `409 full 413 too-large and 503 disabled are distinct typed outcomes`() = runTest {
+        queuePost(409, """{"error":"full"}""")
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.Full, enqueue())
+
+        queuePost(413, """{"error":"text too large"}""")
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.TooLarge, enqueue())
+
+        queuePost(503, """{"error":"queue disabled"}""")
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.Disabled, enqueue())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `404 unknown or exited is SessionGone`() = runTest {
+        queuePost(404, """{"error":"unknown"}""")
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.SessionGone, enqueue())
+
+        queuePost(404, """{"error":"exited"}""")
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.SessionGone, enqueue())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `429 from the shared 20-per-minute bucket is RateLimited and nothing is retried`() = runTest {
+        queuePost(429)
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.RateLimited, enqueue())
+        // Exactly ONE request went out — a rate-limited enqueue must never auto-retry.
+        assertEquals(1, transport.recordedRequests.size)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `400 and 403 surface Rejected with the server's safe message`() = runTest {
+        queuePost(400, """{"error":"text must be a non-empty string"}""")
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.Rejected(400, "text must be a non-empty string"), enqueue())
+
+        // The Origin guard 403s with an EMPTY body — message degrades to null, never throws.
+        queuePost(403)
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.Rejected(403, null), enqueue())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `an odd non-error status is UnexpectedStatus`() = runTest {
+        queuePost(302)
+        assertTrue(errorOf { enqueue() } is ApiClientError.UnexpectedStatus)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `an empty prompt is rejected before any network IO`() = runTest {
+        assertEquals(ApiClientError.QueueTextEmpty, errorOf { client.enqueueFollowup(ID, "", appendEnter = true) })
+        assertTrue(transport.recordedRequests.isEmpty(), "must not hit the network for an empty prompt")
+    }
+
+    // ── DELETE ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `clearQueue maps 200 404 403 and 429`() = runTest {
+        queueDelete(200, """{"length":0}""")
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.Ok(0), client.clearQueue(ID))
+
+        queueDelete(404)
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.SessionGone, client.clearQueue(ID))
+
+        queueDelete(403)
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.Rejected(403, null), client.clearQueue(ID))
+
+        queueDelete(429)
+        assertEquals(QueueWriteOutcome.RateLimited, client.clearQueue(ID))
+    }
+
+    // ── GET ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `queue maps 404 to SessionNotFound and a garbled 200 to InvalidResponseBody`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(url = queueUrl, status = 404)
+        assertEquals(ApiClientError.SessionNotFound, errorOf { client.queue(ID) })
+
+        transport.queueSuccess(url = queueUrl, body = "[]".toByteArray())
+        assertEquals(ApiClientError.InvalidResponseBody, errorOf { client.queue(ID) })
+    }
+}

android/api-client/src/test/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/routes/GitRouteShapeTest.kt

@@ -158,4 +158,50 @@ class GitRouteShapeTest {
         client.gitPush("/r")
         assertTrue(transport.recordedRequests.drop(2).all { it.headers.containsKey(HeaderName.ORIGIN) })
     }
+
+    /**
+     * E1 (narrowed, F5) · The 401 split declared AT the route (mirrors iOS `UnauthorizedPolicy`).
+     *
+     * **Route-defined 401 = exactly the four `/projects/git/…` writes, and only because of the ONE
+     * server line that can produce it:** `src/http/git-ops.ts:108` turns a HOST-side git credential
+     * failure into `{status:401, error:"Push authentication required on the host."}`. That classifier is
+     * reached only from `stageFiles`/`commit`/`push`/`fetch`.
+     *
+     * **The worktree trio is NOT route-defined.** `createWorktree`/`removeWorktree`/`pruneWorktrees`
+     * land in `src/http/worktrees.ts`, which emits no 401 at all (403 kill-switch / 400 / 404 / 500),
+     * and `src/server.ts:1182-1260` adds none. Pinning them ROUTE_DEFINED meant that on a token-gated
+     * host the GATE's 401 surfaced as a git rejection instead of the token flow.
+     *
+     * Every other 401 the server can emit belongs to the gate: `src/server.ts:425` (`/auth` invalid),
+     * `:472` (the gate itself) and `:1453`/`:1463` (the WS upgrade) — none of which is a route here.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun `route-defined 401 is exactly the four git-ops writes, everything else is the gate`() {
+        val gitOpsWrites = listOf(
+            Endpoints.gitStage("/r", listOf("f"), true),
+            Endpoints.gitCommit("/r", "m"),
+            Endpoints.gitPush("/r"),
+            Endpoints.gitFetch("/r"),
+        )
+        val gateRoutes = listOf(
+            // The worktree trio: guarded writes, but the server has no 401 of its own for them.
+            Endpoints.createWorktree("/r", "b", null),
+            Endpoints.removeWorktree("/r", "/r/x", false),
+            Endpoints.pruneWorktrees("/r"),
+            Endpoints.liveSessions(),
+            Endpoints.projects(),
+            Endpoints.projectLog("/r", null),
+            Endpoints.killSession(UUID.randomUUID()),
+            Endpoints.putPrefs(wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.UiPrefs.create()),
+        )
+
+        assertTrue(gitOpsWrites.all { it.unauthorizedPolicy == UnauthorizedPolicy.ROUTE_DEFINED })
+        gateRoutes.forEach {
+            assertEquals(
+                UnauthorizedPolicy.ACCESS_TOKEN_GATE,
+                it.unauthorizedPolicy,
+                "${it.method} ${it.path} has no server-side 401 of its own — a 401 there IS the token gate",
+            )
+        }
+    }
 }

android/api-client/src/test/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/routes/QueueRouteShapeTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes
+
+import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonPrimitive
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.testsupport.FakeHttpTransport
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpMethod
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpRequest
+import java.util.UUID
+
+/**
+ * Request shape + **Origin-iff-guarded** (plan §4.3 铁律) for the W2 prompt-queue trio
+ * (`src/server.ts` ~605/644/654):
+ *
+ *  - `GET    /live-sessions/:id/queue` — read-only ⇒ MUST NOT carry Origin;
+ *  - `POST   /live-sessions/:id/queue` — state-changing ⇒ MUST carry a byte-equal Origin + JSON body;
+ *  - `DELETE /live-sessions/:id/queue` — state-changing ⇒ MUST carry a byte-equal Origin, and (unlike
+ *    `DELETE /projects/worktree`, the precedent that DOES carry a body) MUST NOT carry a body — the
+ *    server handler reads nothing but `:id` and clears the whole queue.
+ *
+ * A route reclassified read↔write turns this red instead of silently shipping either a CSWSH hole or a
+ * write the server 403s.
+ *
+ * The enqueued text is RAW KEYBOARD INPUT for a shell (invariant #9): it must survive the JSON body
+ * **verbatim** — no trim, no escape-rewrite, no Unicode normalisation, and no client-side `\r`
+ * (`appendEnter` is a flag the SERVER materialises).
+ */
+@DisplayName("W2 queue routes — shape, Origin policy, verbatim body")
+class QueueRouteShapeTest {
+    private companion object {
+        const val BASE = "http://192.168.1.5:3000"
+        const val ORIGIN = "http://192.168.1.5:3000"
+        val ID: UUID = UUID.fromString("11111111-2222-3333-4444-555555555555")
+    }
+
+    private val transport = FakeHttpTransport()
+    private val client = ApiClient(HostEndpoint.fromBaseUrl(BASE)!!, transport)
+
+    private val queueUrl = "$BASE/live-sessions/$ID/queue"
+
+    private fun last(): HttpRequest = transport.recordedRequests.last()
+
+    private fun assertGuarded(r: HttpRequest) =
+        assertEquals(ORIGIN, r.headers[HeaderName.ORIGIN], "guarded write must stamp byte-equal Origin")
+
+    private fun assertReadOnly(r: HttpRequest) =
+        assertFalse(r.headers.containsKey(HeaderName.ORIGIN), "read-only route must NOT stamp Origin")
+
+    /** Parse the recorded request body back out of JSON — proves round-trip byte-exactness without
+     *  pinning any particular escaping strategy. */
+    private fun bodyText(r: HttpRequest): String? =
+        Json.parseToJsonElement(r.body!!.decodeToString()).jsonObject["text"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content
+
+    // ── GET — read-only, no Origin ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `queue is a read-only GET with no Origin and no body`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(url = queueUrl, body = """{"length":2,"items":["a","b"]}""".toByteArray())
+
+        val snapshot = client.queue(ID)
+
+        val r = last()
+        assertEquals(HttpMethod.GET, r.method)
+        assertEquals(queueUrl, r.url)
+        assertReadOnly(r)
+        assertNull(r.body, "a GET must not carry a body")
+        assertEquals(2, snapshot.length)
+        assertEquals(listOf("a", "b"), snapshot.items)
+    }
+
+    // ── POST — guarded, JSON body ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `enqueueFollowup is a guarded POST with a text-appendEnter body`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = queueUrl, body = """{"length":1}""".toByteArray())
+
+        client.enqueueFollowup(ID, "run the tests", appendEnter = true)
+
+        val r = last()
+        assertEquals(HttpMethod.POST, r.method)
+        assertEquals(queueUrl, r.url)
+        assertGuarded(r)
+        assertEquals(ContentType.JSON, r.headers[HeaderName.CONTENT_TYPE])
+        assertEquals("""{"text":"run the tests","appendEnter":true}""", r.body?.decodeToString())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `appendEnter false is sent verbatim and the client never appends CR itself`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = queueUrl, body = """{"length":1}""".toByteArray())
+
+        client.enqueueFollowup(ID, "no enter", appendEnter = false)
+
+        assertEquals("""{"text":"no enter","appendEnter":false}""", last().body?.decodeToString())
+        assertEquals("no enter", bodyText(last()))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `control characters and CJK survive the body byte-exactly`() = runTest {
+        // ESC[A (up-arrow), a literal TAB, ETX (Ctrl-C), CR, a stray NUL, CJK, an emoji, and
+        // deliberate surrounding whitespace that must NOT be trimmed.
+        val raw = "  \u001B[A\t\u0003 \u0000 \u4F60\u597D\uFF0C\u4E16\u754C \uD83C\uDF0F caf\u00E9\r\n  "
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = queueUrl, body = """{"length":1}""".toByteArray())
+
+        client.enqueueFollowup(ID, raw, appendEnter = false)
+
+        assertEquals(raw, bodyText(last()), "queued prompt bytes must travel verbatim (invariant #9)")
+    }
+
+    // ── DELETE — guarded, and (unlike DELETE /projects/worktree) body-less ────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `clearQueue is a guarded DELETE with NO body`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.DELETE, url = queueUrl, body = """{"length":0}""".toByteArray())
+
+        client.clearQueue(ID)
+
+        val r = last()
+        assertEquals(HttpMethod.DELETE, r.method)
+        assertEquals(queueUrl, r.url)
+        assertGuarded(r)
+        assertNull(r.body, "DELETE /live-sessions/:id/queue takes no body (server reads only :id)")
+        assertFalse(r.headers.containsKey(HeaderName.CONTENT_TYPE), "no body ⇒ no Content-Type")
+    }
+
+    // ── the batch invariant ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `only the two writes carry Origin (batch invariant)`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(url = queueUrl, body = """{"length":0,"items":[]}""".toByteArray())
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.POST, url = queueUrl, body = """{"length":1}""".toByteArray())
+        transport.queueSuccess(method = HttpMethod.DELETE, url = queueUrl, body = """{"length":0}""".toByteArray())
+
+        client.queue(ID)
+        client.enqueueFollowup(ID, "x", appendEnter = true)
+        client.clearQueue(ID)
+
+        assertReadOnly(transport.recordedRequests[0])
+        assertGuarded(transport.recordedRequests[1])
+        assertGuarded(transport.recordedRequests[2])
+        assertNotNull(transport.recordedRequests[1].body)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `session id is serialized lowercase in the path`() = runTest {
+        val upper = UUID.fromString("AAAAAAAA-BBBB-CCCC-DDDD-EEEEEEEEEEEE")
+        val url = "$BASE/live-sessions/aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee/queue"
+        transport.queueSuccess(url = url, body = """{"length":0,"items":[]}""".toByteArray())
+
+        client.queue(upper)
+
+        assertTrue(last().url.endsWith("/live-sessions/aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee/queue"))
+    }
+}

android/api-client/src/test/kotlin/wang/yaojia/webterm/api/routes/W6RouteShapeTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes
+
+import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.GitLogResult
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.GitWriteOutcome
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.testsupport.FakeHttpTransport
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpMethod
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpRequest
+
+/**
+ * Request shape + **Origin-iff-guarded** (plan §4.3 铁律) for the two routes the v0.6 git panel added
+ * after the last Android commit: `GET /projects/worktree/state` (read) and `POST /projects/git/fetch`
+ * (write). A route reclassified read↔write turns this red rather than silently shipping either a CSWSH
+ * hole or a write the server will 403.
+ *
+ * Also pins the commit-log boundary arithmetic, which the server's own commit warns "fails in the
+ * dangerous direction" if shortcut to "the first N rows".
+ */
+@DisplayName("w6 routes — shape, Origin policy, and the unpushed boundary")
+class W6RouteShapeTest {
+    private companion object {
+        const val BASE = "http://192.168.1.5:3000"
+        const val ORIGIN = "http://192.168.1.5:3000"
+    }
+
+    private val transport = FakeHttpTransport()
+    private val client = ApiClient(HostEndpoint.fromBaseUrl(BASE)!!, transport)
+
+    private fun last(): HttpRequest = transport.recordedRequests.last()
+
+    // ── GET /projects/worktree/state — read-only, no Origin ──────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `worktreeState is a read-only GET with a strict-encoded path and no Origin`() = runTest {
+        val path = "/home/me/my repo/a+b&c"
+        transport.queueSuccess(
+            HttpMethod.GET,
+            "$BASE/projects/worktree/state?path=%2Fhome%2Fme%2Fmy%20repo%2Fa%2Bb%26c",
+            200,
+            body = """{"path":"$path","branch":"wt","dirtyCount":2}""".toByteArray(),
+        )
+
+        val state = client.worktreeState(path)
+
+        val r = last()
+        assertEquals(HttpMethod.GET, r.method)
+        assertFalse(
+            r.headers.containsKey(HeaderName.ORIGIN),
+            "a read must NOT stamp Origin — Origin is the CSWSH marker for state-changing routes only",
+        )
+        assertTrue(r.url.contains("%2Bb"), "a bare + would decode to a SPACE in Express's qs parser")
+        assertEquals(2, state.dirtyCount)
+    }
+
+    // ── POST /projects/git/fetch — guarded, byte-equal Origin, body carries only the path ────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `gitFetch is a guarded POST that stamps a byte-equal Origin`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(HttpMethod.POST, "$BASE/projects/git/fetch", 200, body = """{"ok":true,"lastFetchMs":42}""".toByteArray())
+
+        val outcome = client.gitFetch("/repo")
+
+        val r = last()
+        assertEquals(HttpMethod.POST, r.method)
+        assertEquals(
+            ORIGIN,
+            r.headers[HeaderName.ORIGIN],
+            "fetch is state-changing (it moves refs/remotes and spawns a network git), so it must be guarded",
+        )
+        assertNotNull(r.body, "the path travels in a JSON body")
+        val body = r.body!!.decodeToString()
+        assertTrue(body.contains("\"path\""))
+        assertFalse(
+            body.contains("remote") || body.contains("refspec"),
+            "the remote is derived SERVER-side; a client must never be able to aim a fetch at an arbitrary URL",
+        )
+        assertEquals(42L, (outcome as GitWriteOutcome.Ok).payload.lastFetchMs)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a fetch that fails leaves lastFetchMs unknown rather than claiming it refreshed`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(HttpMethod.POST, "$BASE/projects/git/fetch", 200, body = """{"ok":true}""".toByteArray())
+
+        val outcome = client.gitFetch("/repo")
+
+        assertNull(
+            (outcome as GitWriteOutcome.Ok).payload.lastFetchMs,
+            "the server leaves the old value alone on failure, so the UI must keep saying stale",
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `fetch surfaces its own rate limit instead of retrying`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(HttpMethod.POST, "$BASE/projects/git/fetch", 429, body = """{"error":"slow down"}""".toByteArray())
+
+        val outcome = client.gitFetch("/repo")
+
+        assertTrue(
+            outcome is GitWriteOutcome.RateLimited,
+            "fetch has its OWN bucket so refreshes cannot eat the budget a real push needs",
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a disabled or Origin-rejected fetch surfaces the server's safe message`() = runTest {
+        transport.queueSuccess(HttpMethod.POST, "$BASE/projects/git/fetch", 403, body = """{"error":"git ops disabled"}""".toByteArray())
+
+        val outcome = client.gitFetch("/repo")
+
+        // 403 is overloaded — kill-switch AND Origin failure both return it — so the message is
+        // surfaced rather than guessed at with a typed variant.
+        assertEquals("git ops disabled", (outcome as GitWriteOutcome.Rejected).message)
+    }
+
+    // ── the unpushed boundary (w6/G4) ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("the boundary sits after the LAST unpushed commit, even when they interleave")
+    fun boundaryHandlesInterleaving() {
+        // A backdated merge puts an unpushed commit BELOW a pushed one, because git log is date-ordered.
+        // "The first N rows" would mark the wrong set and call an unpushed commit pushed.
+        val log = GitLogResult(
+            commits = listOf(
+                commit("aaa", unpushed = true),
+                commit("bbb", unpushed = false),
+                commit("ccc", unpushed = true),
+                commit("ddd", unpushed = false),
+            ),
+            upstream = "origin/main",
+        )
+        assertEquals(2, log.upstreamBoundaryIndex, "after index 2 — the last unpushed one")
+        assertEquals(2, log.unpushedCount)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("no upstream means NO boundary may be drawn at all")
+    fun noUpstreamNoBoundary() {
+        val log = GitLogResult(commits = listOf(commit("aaa", unpushed = true)), upstream = null)
+        assertNull(
+            log.upstreamBoundaryIndex,
+            "null rather than -1, so a caller cannot mistake 'no boundary' for 'boundary before everything'",
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("nothing unpushed means no boundary")
+    fun nothingUnpushed() {
+        val log = GitLogResult(commits = listOf(commit("aaa", unpushed = false)), upstream = "origin/main")
+        assertNull(log.upstreamBoundaryIndex)
+        assertEquals(0, log.unpushedCount)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("an unknown unpushed flag is not counted as pushed")
+    fun unknownIsNotPushed() {
+        val log = GitLogResult(commits = listOf(commit("aaa", unpushed = null)), upstream = "origin/main")
+        assertEquals(0, log.unpushedCount, "unknown is not 'unpushed'…")
+        assertNull(log.upstreamBoundaryIndex, "…and it must not invent a boundary either")
+    }
+
+    private fun commit(hash: String, unpushed: Boolean?) =
+        wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.CommitLogEntry(hash = hash, at = 1L, subject = "s", unpushed = unpushed)
+}

android/app/build.gradle.kts

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 //   com.android.application · kotlin.plugin.compose · ksp · dagger.hilt.android
 // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
+import java.util.Properties
+
 plugins {
     alias(libs.plugins.android.application)
     alias(libs.plugins.compose.compiler)
@@ -17,6 +19,83 @@ plugins {
     alias(libs.plugins.hilt)
 }
 
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Release signing credentials — NEVER committed.
+//
+// Looked up in this order, first non-blank wins:
+//   1. `android/keystore.properties`   (the conventional path; see keystore.properties.example)
+//   2. `android/local.properties`      (already gitignored — the zero-setup local option)
+//   3. `WEBTERM_RELEASE_*` env vars    (CI)
+//
+// DEGRADATION CONTRACT: absent credentials leave debug (and the `benchmark` variant,
+// which signs with the debug key) fully working, and make the RELEASE package task fail
+// with RELEASE_SIGNING_HELP — never a silent `app-release-unsigned.apk`.
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+val signingPropertyFiles = listOf("keystore.properties", "local.properties")
+
+val signingProperties = Properties().apply {
+    // Later files must not override earlier ones, so load in reverse and let the
+    // higher-priority file overwrite.
+    signingPropertyFiles.reversed()
+        .map(rootProject::file)
+        .filter(File::exists)
+        .forEach { file -> file.inputStream().use(::load) }
+}
+
+fun signingCredential(propertyKey: String, envKey: String): String? =
+    (signingProperties.getProperty(propertyKey) ?: System.getenv(envKey))?.takeIf(String::isNotBlank)
+
+val releaseStoreFile = signingCredential("webterm.release.storeFile", "WEBTERM_RELEASE_STORE_FILE")
+val releaseStorePassword = signingCredential("webterm.release.storePassword", "WEBTERM_RELEASE_STORE_PASSWORD")
+val releaseKeyAlias = signingCredential("webterm.release.keyAlias", "WEBTERM_RELEASE_KEY_ALIAS")
+val releaseKeyPassword = signingCredential("webterm.release.keyPassword", "WEBTERM_RELEASE_KEY_PASSWORD")
+
+// `storeFile` may be absolute or relative to `android/` — rootProject.file handles both.
+val releaseKeystore = releaseStoreFile?.let(rootProject::file)
+
+val hasAllReleaseCredentials =
+    releaseStoreFile != null &&
+        releaseStorePassword != null &&
+        releaseKeyAlias != null &&
+        releaseKeyPassword != null
+
+val isReleaseSigningConfigured = hasAllReleaseCredentials && releaseKeystore?.exists() == true
+
+// Two distinct failures deserve two distinct messages: "you have not set this up" and
+// "you set it up but pointed it at a file that isn't there" have completely different fixes.
+val MISSING_KEYSTORE_HELP = """
+    |:app release signing credentials were found, but the keystore file does not exist:
+    |  ${releaseKeystore?.absolutePath}
+    |
+    |Fix `webterm.release.storeFile` (absolute, or relative to the `android/` directory), or
+    |point WEBTERM_RELEASE_STORE_FILE at the real file. Nothing was signed, and no unsigned
+    |APK was emitted.
+""".trimMargin()
+
+val UNCONFIGURED_SIGNING_HELP = """
+    |:app release signing is NOT configured — refusing to emit an unsigned release artifact.
+    |
+    |Provide the four credentials in ONE of these places (first match wins):
+    |  1. android/keystore.properties   — copy android/keystore.properties.example.
+    |                                     MAKE SURE `keystore.properties` is in android/.gitignore first.
+    |  2. android/local.properties      — already gitignored; zero extra setup.
+    |  3. env: WEBTERM_RELEASE_STORE_FILE / _STORE_PASSWORD / _KEY_ALIAS / _KEY_PASSWORD  (CI)
+    |
+    |Keys (property form):
+    |  webterm.release.storeFile=<path, relative to android/ or absolute>
+    |  webterm.release.storePassword=<...>
+    |  webterm.release.keyAlias=<...>
+    |  webterm.release.keyPassword=<...>
+    |
+    |No keystore yet? Generate one OUTSIDE the repo:
+    |  keytool -genkeypair -v -keystore ~/.webterm/webterm-release.jks \
+    |          -alias webterm -keyalg RSA -keysize 4096 -validity 10000
+    |Then record its SHA-256 in the App Links assetlinks.json (plan §8).
+    |
+    |Unaffected by this failure: `:app:assembleDebug`, `:app:assembleBenchmark`,
+    |`:app:assembleDebugAndroidTest`, every unit test, and R8 itself (which already ran).
+""".trimMargin()
+
 android {
     namespace = "wang.yaojia.webterm"
     // compileSdk 36 (Android 16): the contemporaneous androidx/Compose line for
@@ -28,24 +107,87 @@ android {
         applicationId = "wang.yaojia.webterm"
         minSdk = 29
         targetSdk = 35
+        // ── Versioning policy ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+        // versionCode: a plain monotonic counter, +1 for EVERY artifact handed to
+        //   anyone (Play track, internal APK, benchmark run that gets archived).
+        //   Never derived from versionName — decoupling them is what lets a hotfix
+        //   ship without renumbering. This is still 1 because no artifact has ever
+        //   left this machine; the first distributed build takes 2.
+        // versionName: `<server-line>-alphaNN`. The Android client tracks the server's
+        //   0.1.x line (root package.json is 0.1.0). `-alpha01` is the honest state:
+        //   the P0+P1 surface from ANDROID_CLIENT_PLAN §1 is implemented and JVM-tested,
+        //   but NOTHING in DEVICE_QA_CHECKLIST.md has been signed off on real hardware.
+        //   Drop to `-beta01` when the checklist's A34/A35 blocks pass on a device, and
+        //   to plain `0.1.0` when the whole checklist is ticked.
         versionCode = 1
-        versionName = "0.1.0"
+        versionName = "0.1.0-alpha01"
+
+        // Hilt instrumented testing REQUIRES a custom runner: AndroidJUnitRunner is the
+        // only hook that can swap the app-under-test's Application for the generated
+        // `HiltTestApplication` (the androidTest manifest cannot — it is merged into the
+        // TEST apk, not into the app under test). See android/README.md → "Instrumented tests".
+        testInstrumentationRunner = "wang.yaojia.webterm.HiltTestRunner"
     }
 
     buildFeatures {
         compose = true
     }
 
+    signingConfigs {
+        // Populated ONLY when credentials were found; an empty config would make AGP
+        // fall back to emitting `app-release-unsigned.apk`, which is exactly the silent
+        // failure this block exists to prevent (the release buildType leaves
+        // `signingConfig` null instead, and the guard task below fails the build).
+        if (isReleaseSigningConfigured) {
+            create("release") {
+                storeFile = rootProject.file(releaseStoreFile!!)
+                storePassword = releaseStorePassword
+                keyAlias = releaseKeyAlias
+                keyPassword = releaseKeyPassword
+                // v1 (JAR signing) is only needed below API 24 and is the weakest scheme —
+                // off. v2/v3 are left enabled and apksigner picks what the minSdk range
+                // actually requires: verified output for minSdk 29 is v1=false, v2=false,
+                // v3=true (every device that can install this understands v3, so v2 is
+                // redundant). Do not read v2=false as a misconfiguration.
+                enableV1Signing = false
+                enableV2Signing = true
+                enableV3Signing = true
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     buildTypes {
         debug {
             // No applicationId suffix — keep it stable for deep-link testing (A32).
         }
         release {
-            isMinifyEnabled = false
+            isMinifyEnabled = true
+            // Resource shrinking requires minification; it is what strips the unused
+            // CameraX/ML-Kit/Firebase resources the 56 MB unminified APK carried.
+            isShrinkResources = true
             proguardFiles(
                 getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android-optimize.txt"),
                 "proguard-rules.pro",
             )
+            signingConfig = signingConfigs.findByName("release")
+        }
+        // `benchmark` — what :macrobenchmark (A35) measures against. It must match the
+        // shipping variant in everything that affects performance (non-debuggable, R8'd,
+        // resource-shrunk) while needing NO release keystore, so it signs with the debug
+        // key. It is therefore also the variant that proves the R8 pipeline end-to-end
+        // (`:app:assembleBenchmark` produces a real, installable, minified APK).
+        create("benchmark") {
+            initWith(getByName("release"))
+            signingConfig = signingConfigs.getByName("debug")
+            // Library modules only publish debug/release; resolve `benchmark` to release.
+            matchingFallbacks += listOf("release")
+            isDebuggable = false
+            // Injects <profileable android:shell="true"/> into the merged manifest, which
+            // macrobenchmark needs to read traces on API 29-30 (implicit from API 31).
+            // Done here BECAUSE AndroidManifest.xml must not carry a benchmark-only tag.
+            isProfileable = true
+            isMinifyEnabled = true
+            isShrinkResources = true
         }
     }
 
@@ -114,9 +256,41 @@ dependencies {
     testImplementation(libs.bundles.unit.test)
     testImplementation(project(":test-support")) // FakeTermTransport for the holder lifecycle test (FIX 6)
     testRuntimeOnly(libs.junit.platform.launcher)
+
+    // ── Instrumented tests (androidTest — device/emulator only; plan §7) ──────────
+    // Homes A34 (E2E against a real `npm start` host) and the Espresso/Compose half of
+    // A35. JUnit4 only: AndroidJUnitRunner cannot drive the JUnit5 platform.
+    androidTestImplementation(libs.bundles.android.instrumented.test)
+    // Compose UI assertions (gate banner / plan sheet / reconnect-banner precedence /
+    // session rows / continue-last banner). BOM-managed, same BOM as main.
+    androidTestImplementation(platform(libs.androidx.compose.bom))
+    androidTestImplementation(libs.androidx.compose.ui.test.junit4)
+    // Supplies the empty host Activity that `createComposeRule()` launches into. Must be
+    // debugImplementation (it contributes a manifest entry to the app under test).
+    debugImplementation(libs.androidx.compose.ui.test.manifest)
+    // Hilt instrumented testing: HiltAndroidRule + the generated HiltTestApplication.
+    androidTestImplementation(libs.hilt.android.testing)
+    kspAndroidTest(libs.hilt.compiler)
 }
 
 // Local (JVM) unit tests run on the JUnit 5 platform, matching the pure modules.
+// Instrumented (androidTest) tasks are NOT of type Test, so they keep JUnit4.
 tasks.withType<Test>().configureEach {
     useJUnitPlatform()
 }
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Release-signing guard.
+//
+// Hooked as a doFirst on the PACKAGE task (not as a dependency) on purpose: packaging
+// runs after dexing, so R8/resource-shrinking have fully completed and been reported by
+// the time this fires. An unconfigured machine therefore still gets a real, verifiable
+// R8 run — it just cannot produce a distributable artifact.
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+if (!isReleaseSigningConfigured) {
+    val help = if (hasAllReleaseCredentials) MISSING_KEYSTORE_HELP else UNCONFIGURED_SIGNING_HELP
+    tasks.matching { it.name == "packageRelease" || it.name == "packageReleaseBundle" }
+        .configureEach {
+            doFirst { throw GradleException(help) }
+        }
+}

android/app/proguard-rules.pro

@@ -1,4 +1,117 @@
-# WebTerm :app — R8/ProGuard rules.
-# Release is not minified yet (isMinifyEnabled = false); this file exists so the
-# release buildType's proguardFiles(...) reference resolves. Real keep-rules for
-# kotlinx.serialization / Hilt / OkHttp land when minification is enabled later.
+# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# WebTerm :app — R8 keep rules (release + benchmark; both isMinifyEnabled = true).
+#
+# DISCIPLINE: every rule below is justified, and rules that turned out to be
+# UNNECESSARY are recorded as such rather than added "just in case". A superfluous
+# -keep silently costs size and hides real reachability problems; a MISSING one
+# crashes only in production. Both were checked against the merged configuration
+# R8 actually used, which is dumped to:
+#     app/build/outputs/mapping/<variant>/configuration.txt
+# Read that file before adding anything here — most of our stack already ships its
+# own consumer rules, and duplicating them is how this file rots.
+#
+# ALREADY COVERED BY EMBEDDED CONSUMER RULES — do NOT re-declare here:
+#   · kotlinx.serialization — kotlinx-serialization-core-jvm ships
+#     META-INF/com.android.tools/r8/kotlinx-serialization-{common,r8}.pro, which keeps
+#     @Serializable classes' `Companion` fields, `serializer(...)`, object `INSTANCE`,
+#     the `$$serializer.descriptor` field, and RuntimeVisibleAnnotations (the R8
+#     full-mode fix). Verified present in 1.9.0. Our @Serializable models live in
+#     :wire-protocol / :api-client; the rules are global, so they are covered.
+#   · Hilt / Dagger — hilt-android + dagger AARs ship proguard.txt; all injection is
+#     generated code with compile-time references, no runtime reflection to preserve.
+#   · Tink — tink-android ships META-INF/proguard/protobuf.pro, keeping <fields> on
+#     subclasses of the shaded protobuf GeneratedMessageLite (the reflective lite
+#     runtime). Tink's key managers are registered explicitly by AeadConfig.register(),
+#     not discovered reflectively, so nothing else needs keeping.
+#   · FCM — firebase-messaging ships consumer rules, AND `.push.FcmService`,
+#     `.push.DenyBroadcastReceiver`, `.push.AllowTrampolineActivity`, `.MainActivity`
+#     and `.WebTermApp` are all declared in AndroidManifest.xml, for which AGP
+#     auto-generates keep rules (build/intermediates/aapt_proguard_file/.../aapt_rules.txt).
+#     Manifest-declared components therefore need no rule here — ever.
+#   · OkHttp / Okio, Compose, CameraX, ML Kit barcode, DataStore, navigation-compose,
+#     biometric — all ship their own consumer rules.
+#   · JNI — the default proguard-android-optimize.txt already contains
+#     `-keepclasseswithmembernames class * { native <methods>; }`, which covers the
+#     Termux emulator's native entry points even though we never fork a subprocess.
+# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+# ── Termux terminal emulator + view (the ONE thing that genuinely needs a rule) ──
+#
+# Why this is not "just in case":
+#   1. The JitPack artifacts (com.github.termux.termux-app:terminal-{emulator,view},
+#      v0.118.0) ship NO consumer rules at all — nobody upstream has reasoned about R8
+#      for these modules, because Termux itself ships unminified.
+#   2. :terminal-view deliberately binds to NON-API internals of the pinned version
+#      (plan §6.1 — TerminalView is `public final`, so we fork rather than subclass):
+#        · RemoteTerminalHostView writes and reads the public field
+#          `com.termux.view.TerminalView.mEmulator` directly (installEmulator /
+#          the TerminalViewClient callbacks / computeVerticalScrollRange).
+#        · TerminalResizeDriver calls `TerminalRenderer.getFontWidth()` and
+#          `getFontLineSpacing()` — public accessors verified with `javap -p`, but not
+#          part of any documented API surface.
+#        · TerminalScrollGesture reads `mEmulator` and drives KeyHandler.
+#      Field/method RENAMING alone would survive that (R8 rewrites both sides), but R8
+#      full mode also does class merging, member inlining and access relaxation across
+#      a library whose invariants we are already stretching. A wrong outcome here is a
+#      crash in the app's single core surface — the terminal — visible ONLY in release.
+#   3. The cost is bounded and small: two Apache-2.0 modules, ~120 KB of classes.
+#
+# So: keep them whole. Revisit only with a device-verified minified build in hand.
+-keep class com.termux.terminal.** { *; }
+-keep class com.termux.view.** { *; }
+
+
+# ── ML Kit / Firebase component discovery (reflective no-arg constructors) ───────
+#
+# OBSERVED, not speculative. Installing the minified `benchmark` APK on an API-35
+# emulator and cold-starting it produced, with no rule here:
+#
+#   W ComponentDiscovery: Invalid component registrar.
+#     Could not instantiate com.google.mlkit.common.internal.CommonComponentRegistrar
+#     ... at com.google.mlkit.common.internal.MlKitInitProvider.onCreate
+#   Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodException:
+#     com.google.mlkit.common.internal.CommonComponentRegistrar.<init> []
+#   (and the same for com.google.mlkit.vision.common.internal.VisionCommonRegistrar)
+#
+# Firebase's ComponentDiscovery instantiates registrars named in <meta-data> by
+# `getDeclaredConstructor()`. The class names survive, but R8 removed the no-arg
+# constructors because nothing in the app calls them. The failure is a WARNING, not a
+# crash: the app starts fine and the ML Kit component graph is simply never registered,
+# so **QR pairing (A19 barcode scanning) silently stops working in minified builds
+# only**. Exactly the release-only breakage this file has to prevent.
+#
+# `<init>();` (no access modifier) matches any visibility, which is what
+# getDeclaredConstructor needs. Scoped to registrars, so it keeps ~a dozen tiny classes.
+-keep class * implements com.google.firebase.components.ComponentRegistrar {
+    <init>();
+}
+
+
+# ── javax.naming does not exist on Android ──────────────────────────────────────
+#
+# R8 refuses to run without these two, so they are load-bearing for ANY minified build.
+# They are NOT a benign suppression — read this before deleting them:
+#
+#   :client-tls CertificateSummary.kt uses `javax.naming.ldap.LdapName` to pull the CN
+#   out of an RFC2253 DN. That package is JDK-only; it is absent from android.jar and
+#   from the ART bootclasspath. So on a real device `CertificateSummaryReader.commonName`
+#   throws NoClassDefFoundError, which is an Error and therefore slips straight through
+#   that function's `catch (_: Exception)` guard.
+#
+#   The module is pure-JVM and its unit tests run on a real JDK where LdapName DOES
+#   exist, which is why the green JVM suite never caught it. Tracked as a handoff to
+#   :client-tls's owner (hand-parse the DN, or catch Throwable). This -dontwarn only
+#   stops R8 from failing the build over an unresolvable reference; it does not and
+#   cannot fix the device behaviour.
+-dontwarn javax.naming.ldap.LdapName
+-dontwarn javax.naming.ldap.Rdn
+
+
+# ── Crash triage ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Keep line numbers so release stack traces are usable, and rename the source-file
+# attribute to a single constant so no original filenames leak in the APK. Retrace
+# release traces with app/build/outputs/mapping/release/mapping.txt (ARCHIVE IT with
+# every distributed artifact — without it a crash report is unreadable).
+-keepattributes SourceFile,LineNumberTable
+-renamesourcefileattribute SourceFile

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/HiltTestRunner.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm
+
+import android.app.Application
+import android.content.Context
+import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner
+import dagger.hilt.android.testing.HiltTestApplication
+
+/**
+ * The instrumentation runner named by `:app`'s `testInstrumentationRunner`.
+ *
+ * A custom runner is **required**, not stylistic: [newApplication] is the only hook that can replace the
+ * app-under-test's [Application] with the generated [HiltTestApplication]. Setting `android:name` in the
+ * androidTest manifest cannot do it — that manifest is merged into the *test* APK, not into the app under
+ * test, so the real [WebTermApp] would still be installed and `@HiltAndroidTest` injection would fail.
+ *
+ * `assembleDebugAndroidTest` builds fine without this class (the runner name is only a manifest value);
+ * an actual instrumentation *run* would fail with `ClassNotFoundException`. See `android/README.md` →
+ * "Instrumented tests".
+ *
+ * Note that installing [HiltTestApplication] replaces [WebTermApp], so anything [WebTermApp] does in
+ * `onCreate` (push registration, notification channels) does NOT happen under instrumentation. That is
+ * deliberate — a test must opt into those via Hilt test modules rather than inherit them.
+ */
+public class HiltTestRunner : AndroidJUnitRunner() {
+
+    override fun newApplication(cl: ClassLoader?, name: String?, context: Context?): Application =
+        super.newApplication(cl, HiltTestApplication::class.java.name, context)
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/e2e/CswshDefenceE2eTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.e2e
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClientMessage
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ServerMessage
+
+/**
+ * **F9 — bad `Origin` on the WS upgrade is rejected. The one non-skippable defence.**
+ *
+ * This app hands a full shell to anyone who can reach the port, and Origin validation on the WebSocket
+ * handshake is the single thing standing between that shell and a malicious page open in the user's
+ * browser (Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking). TECH_DOC §7 and plan §8 both call it non-negotiable, and it is
+ * the only security control in this codebase that cannot be compensated for elsewhere.
+ *
+ * A unit test cannot verify it: the check lives in the *server's* upgrade handler, so the only honest proof
+ * is a real socket carrying a real foreign `Origin` and being refused. That is what this class does, from
+ * the device, against the real server. It also pins the two neighbouring cases the check must not get
+ * wrong — a MISSING Origin (default-deny) and the correct Origin (must still work, or the "defence" is
+ * just a broken client).
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@LargeTest
+class CswshDefenceE2eTest {
+
+    /**
+     * The attack: a page on another origin opens `ws://<lan-ip>:3000/term`. The browser stamps ITS origin,
+     * which is not in the server's allow-list, and the handshake must be refused with 401 — before any
+     * frame can be exchanged.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun aForeignOriginIsRefusedOnTheWsUpgrade() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val socket = E2eSocket.dial(host, origin = FOREIGN_ORIGIN)
+        try {
+            val failure = socket.failureOrNull()
+
+            assertNotNull(
+                "the handshake must FAIL with a foreign Origin — it opened instead, which is a CSWSH hole",
+                failure,
+            )
+            assertEquals(
+                "the refusal must be a 401 (src/server.ts writes it before destroying the socket)",
+                HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                socket.handshakeStatusOrNull(),
+            )
+        } finally {
+            socket.cancel()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Default-deny: a non-browser client that sends no `Origin` at all must also be refused. `curl` and
+     * scripts land here, and `isOriginAllowed(undefined, …)` returning false is the single central policy
+     * point — an allow-if-absent would make the whole check trivially bypassable.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun aMissingOriginIsRefusedOnTheWsUpgrade() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val socket = E2eSocket.dial(host, origin = null)
+        try {
+            assertNotNull(
+                "an absent Origin must be refused (default-deny), not treated as trusted",
+                socket.failureOrNull(),
+            )
+            assertEquals(HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED, socket.handshakeStatusOrNull())
+        } finally {
+            socket.cancel()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The control: the SAME dial with the endpoint-derived `Origin` (byte-equal to what
+     * `HostEndpoint.originHeader` produces, and to what `src/http/origin.ts` expects) must open and attach.
+     * Without this, the two refusals above would also be satisfied by a server that rejects everything.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun theEndpointDerivedOriginIsAccepted() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val socket = E2eSocket.dial(host)
+        var sessionId: String? = null
+        try {
+            assertTrue(
+                "the production Origin must be accepted, got failure=${socket.failureOrNull()}",
+                socket.failureOrNull() == null,
+            )
+            socket.send(ClientMessage.Attach(sessionId = null))
+            sessionId = (socket.awaitFrame("attached") { it is ServerMessage.Attached } as ServerMessage.Attached)
+                .sessionId
+        } finally {
+            socket.close()
+            sessionId?.let { runCatching { host.delete("/live-sessions/$it") } }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        /** Deliberately not a real host: the point is that it is not in the server's allow-list. */
+        const val FOREIGN_ORIGIN = "http://evil.example"
+        const val HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED = 401
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/e2e/E2eSocket.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.e2e
+
+import okhttp3.Request
+import okhttp3.Response
+import okhttp3.WebSocket
+import okhttp3.WebSocketListener
+import org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClientMessage
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.MessageCodec
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ServerMessage
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.WireConstants
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference
+
+/**
+ * One live WS connection to a real WebTerm server, driven synchronously so an E2E test reads as a
+ * transcript.
+ *
+ * It deliberately does NOT reuse `:transport-okhttp`'s [wang.yaojia.webterm.transport.OkHttpTermTransport]:
+ * that class stamps `Origin` from the endpoint by construction, which is exactly the thing the F9 test has
+ * to be able to falsify. So the upgrade request is built here, and `Origin` is a parameter. Everything
+ * else that matters IS production code — [MessageCodec] encodes and decodes every frame, so these tests
+ * are a check of the frozen wire contract against the real server, not of a parallel test codec.
+ */
+internal class E2eSocket private constructor(
+    private val opened: CountDownLatch,
+    private val closed: CountDownLatch,
+) : WebSocketListener() {
+
+    private val frames = LinkedBlockingQueue<String>()
+
+    /**
+     * Every `output` payload, accumulated as frames ARRIVE rather than as a test pulls them.
+     *
+     * This is not an optimisation, it is a correctness requirement. On a re-attach the server replays the
+     * ring buffer INSIDE `manager.handleAttach`, i.e. it puts the replay `output` frame on the wire BEFORE
+     * the `attached` confirmation. A reader that scanned the queue for `attached` first would consume and
+     * discard the replay on the way past — which is exactly how the first run of the replay test reported
+     * "0 chars" against a server that had sent hundreds of kilobytes.
+     */
+    private val output = StringBuilder()
+    private val lastFrameAt = java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong(System.nanoTime())
+    private val socket = AtomicReference<WebSocket?>(null)
+    private val failure = AtomicReference<Throwable?>(null)
+    private val handshakeStatus = AtomicReference<Int?>(null)
+    private val closeCode = AtomicReference<Int?>(null)
+
+    override fun onOpen(webSocket: WebSocket, response: Response) {
+        handshakeStatus.set(response.code)
+        socket.set(webSocket)
+        opened.countDown()
+    }
+
+    override fun onMessage(webSocket: WebSocket, text: String) {
+        lastFrameAt.set(System.nanoTime())
+        frames.put(text)
+        (MessageCodec.decodeServer(text) as? ServerMessage.Output)?.let { frame ->
+            synchronized(output) { output.append(frame.data) }
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun onFailure(webSocket: WebSocket, t: Throwable, response: Response?) {
+        handshakeStatus.set(response?.code)
+        failure.set(t)
+        opened.countDown()
+        closed.countDown()
+    }
+
+    override fun onClosed(webSocket: WebSocket, code: Int, reason: String) {
+        closeCode.set(code)
+        closed.countDown()
+    }
+
+    override fun onClosing(webSocket: WebSocket, code: Int, reason: String) {
+        closeCode.set(code)
+        webSocket.close(code, reason)
+    }
+
+    // ── driving ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    fun send(message: ClientMessage) {
+        val live = socket.get()
+        assertNotNull("cannot send $message — the WS never opened", live)
+        assertTrue("the WS refused to enqueue $message", live!!.send(MessageCodec.encode(message)))
+    }
+
+    /** The next decodable server frame matching [predicate], or fail with what actually arrived. */
+    fun awaitFrame(what: String, timeoutMs: Long = FRAME_TIMEOUT_MS, predicate: (ServerMessage) -> Boolean): ServerMessage {
+        val seen = ArrayList<String>()
+        val deadline = System.nanoTime() + TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(timeoutMs)
+        while (System.nanoTime() < deadline) {
+            val remaining = TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(deadline - System.nanoTime()).coerceAtLeast(1)
+            val raw = frames.poll(remaining, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS) ?: break
+            seen += raw.take(RAW_FRAME_LOG_CHARS)
+            val decoded = MessageCodec.decodeServer(raw)
+            if (decoded != null && predicate(decoded)) return decoded
+        }
+        throw AssertionError(
+            "no frame matching \"$what\" within $timeoutMs ms. Frames seen: $seen. " +
+                "failure=${failure.get()} closeCode=${closeCode.get()}",
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Wait for the wire to go quiet for [quietMs], then take everything `output` has carried since the last
+     * call. Bounded by [DRAIN_CEILING_MS] so a session that never stops talking cannot hang the suite.
+     */
+    fun drainOutput(quietMs: Long = QUIET_MS): String {
+        val ceiling = System.nanoTime() + TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(DRAIN_CEILING_MS)
+        while (System.nanoTime() < ceiling) {
+            val idleMs = TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(System.nanoTime() - lastFrameAt.get())
+            if (idleMs >= quietMs) break
+            Thread.sleep(DRAIN_POLL_MS)
+        }
+        return synchronized(output) {
+            val text = output.toString()
+            output.setLength(0)
+            text
+        }
+    }
+
+    fun awaitClosed(timeoutMs: Long = FRAME_TIMEOUT_MS): Boolean =
+        closed.await(timeoutMs, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+
+    fun failureOrNull(): Throwable? = failure.get()
+
+    fun handshakeStatusOrNull(): Int? = handshakeStatus.get()
+
+    fun close() {
+        socket.get()?.close(NORMAL_CLOSURE, null)
+    }
+
+    fun cancel() {
+        socket.get()?.cancel()
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        const val NORMAL_CLOSURE: Int = 1000
+        private const val OPEN_TIMEOUT_MS = 8_000L
+        private const val FRAME_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000L
+        private const val QUIET_MS = 700L
+        private const val DRAIN_CEILING_MS = 30_000L
+        private const val DRAIN_POLL_MS = 50L
+        private const val RAW_FRAME_LOG_CHARS = 200
+
+        /**
+         * Dial the host's `/term`. Returns as soon as the handshake resolves either way, so a rejection
+         * (the F9 case) is observable rather than a hang.
+         *
+         * @param origin what to put in the `Origin` header. Defaults to the endpoint-derived value, i.e.
+         *   exactly what production sends; a foreign value is how the CSWSH defence is falsified.
+         */
+        fun dial(
+            host: WebTermTestHost.ReachableHost,
+            origin: String? = host.endpoint.originHeader,
+        ): E2eSocket {
+            val opened = CountDownLatch(1)
+            val listener = E2eSocket(opened, CountDownLatch(1))
+            val request = Request.Builder()
+                .url(host.endpoint.wsUrl)
+                .apply { origin?.let { header("Origin", it) } }
+                .build()
+            host.client.newWebSocket(request, listener)
+            assertTrue(
+                "the WS handshake to ${host.endpoint.wsUrl} neither opened nor failed within $OPEN_TIMEOUT_MS ms",
+                opened.await(OPEN_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS),
+            )
+            return listener
+        }
+
+        /** `attach` must be the FIRST frame on every (re)connect (plan §4.1). */
+        fun attach(host: WebTermTestHost.ReachableHost, sessionId: String?, cwd: String? = null): Pair<E2eSocket, String> {
+            val socket = dial(host)
+            socket.send(ClientMessage.Attach(sessionId = sessionId, cwd = cwd))
+            val attached = socket.awaitFrame("attached") { it is ServerMessage.Attached } as ServerMessage.Attached
+            return socket to attached.sessionId
+        }
+
+        /** The soft-reset prefix the server puts in front of a ring-buffer replay — never stripped (§4.1). */
+        const val REPLAY_PREFIX: String = WireConstants.REPLAY_SOFT_RESET_PREFIX
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/e2e/HeldGate.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.e2e
+
+import okhttp3.Call
+import okhttp3.Callback
+import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType
+import okhttp3.Request
+import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody
+import okhttp3.Response
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import java.io.IOException
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference
+
+/**
+ * A permission gate held open on a real server, created exactly the way Claude Code creates one.
+ *
+ * `POST /hook/permission` is the hook side-channel: the server holds the HTTP request open until a decision
+ * arrives (or it times out), then writes the decision JSON as the response — which the hook's `curl` feeds
+ * back to Claude on stdout. So the *held request itself* is the observable for "is the gate still held", and
+ * that is the only way to tell a real resolution from a UI that merely stopped showing the banner.
+ *
+ * Two server preconditions are worth knowing before reading a failure here:
+ *  - **Loopback only.** `POST /hook/permission` 403s a non-loopback peer. From an emulator this is satisfied
+ *    for free: `10.0.2.2` is forwarded to the host's loopback, so the server sees `127.0.0.1`. Over a LAN
+ *    address it will 403, and [hold] says so rather than timing out mysteriously.
+ *  - **Someone must be watching.** The server only HOLDS when the session has an attached client or a
+ *    registered push target; otherwise it answers `{}` immediately and lets Claude prompt locally. The
+ *    caller therefore attaches first.
+ */
+internal class HeldGate private constructor(
+    private val call: Call,
+    private val completed: CountDownLatch,
+    private val body: AtomicReference<String?>,
+    private val failure: AtomicReference<IOException?>,
+) {
+    /** Whether the server has already answered — i.e. the gate is no longer held. */
+    fun hasResponded(): Boolean = completed.count == 0L
+
+    /** The decision body the server finally wrote, or fail if the hold never resolved. */
+    fun awaitResponse(timeoutMs: Long = RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MS): String {
+        val done = completed.await(timeoutMs, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+        if (!done) {
+            call.cancel()
+            throw AssertionError("the held /hook/permission request never resolved within $timeoutMs ms")
+        }
+        failure.get()?.let { throw AssertionError("the held /hook/permission request failed: $it") }
+        return body.get() ?: ""
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        private const val RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MS = 15_000L
+        private const val HOLD_SETTLE_MS = 600L
+        private val JSON = "application/json; charset=utf-8".toMediaType()
+
+        /** The tool name the server maps to a plain two-way `tool` gate (anything but `ExitPlanMode`). */
+        private const val TOOL_NAME = "Bash"
+
+        /**
+         * Start holding a gate for [sessionId]. Returns once the request is in flight and the server has
+         * had time to either hold it or refuse it — and fails loudly if it refused, because a test that
+         * proceeded from here would be asserting against a gate that does not exist.
+         */
+        fun hold(host: WebTermTestHost.ReachableHost, sessionId: String): HeldGate {
+            val completed = CountDownLatch(1)
+            val body = AtomicReference<String?>(null)
+            val failure = AtomicReference<IOException?>(null)
+            val request = Request.Builder()
+                .url(host.endpoint.baseUrl + "/hook/permission")
+                .header("x-webterm-session", sessionId)
+                // `tool_input` is untrusted by contract; a harmless command keeps the derived preview real.
+                .post(
+                    """{"tool_name":"$TOOL_NAME","tool_input":{"command":"echo webterm-e2e-gate"}}"""
+                        .toByteArray()
+                        .toRequestBody(JSON),
+                )
+                .build()
+            // Its own client: the hold occupies the connection for as long as the gate lives, and the read
+            // timeout has to outlast that, which must not be imposed on the rest of the suite.
+            val holdingClient = host.client.newBuilder()
+                .readTimeout(RESPONSE_TIMEOUT_MS * 2, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+                .build()
+            val call = holdingClient.newCall(request)
+            call.enqueue(object : Callback {
+                override fun onFailure(call: Call, e: IOException) {
+                    failure.set(e)
+                    completed.countDown()
+                }
+
+                override fun onResponse(call: Call, response: Response) {
+                    response.use { body.set(it.body?.string() ?: "") }
+                    completed.countDown()
+                }
+            })
+
+            // Give the server a moment to register the hold (or refuse it outright).
+            Thread.sleep(HOLD_SETTLE_MS)
+            val gate = HeldGate(call, completed, body, failure)
+            if (gate.hasResponded()) {
+                val answered = body.get().orEmpty().replace(" ", "")
+                assertTrue(
+                    """
+                    |POST /hook/permission did not HOLD, so there is no gate to test. It answered immediately
+                    |with "$answered" (failure=${failure.get()}). The two reasons this happens:
+                    |  1. the peer was not loopback (403) — use the emulator's http://10.0.2.2:<port> alias,
+                    |     which the host sees as 127.0.0.1, rather than a LAN address;
+                    |  2. nothing was watching the session ({}) — attach a client before holding.
+                    """.trimMargin(),
+                    false,
+                )
+            }
+            return gate
+        }
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/e2e/HeldGateE2eTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.e2e
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ApproveMode
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClaudeStatus
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClientMessage
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.GateKind
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ServerMessage
+import java.util.UUID
+
+/**
+ * **A34 — a held permission gate, and what may and may not resolve it.**
+ *
+ * A gate is created the way Claude Code creates one: `POST /hook/permission` from the host's own loopback
+ * (which is what the emulator's `10.0.2.2` alias resolves to on the host side, so the loopback-only guard
+ * is satisfied without any special setup). The server holds that HTTP request open until a decision
+ * arrives, and pushes a `status` frame with `pending: true` to every attached client — which is the frame
+ * the cockpit's gate card renders.
+ *
+ * ### An honest boundary: the `/hook/decision` HAPPY path is not automatable
+ * `/hook/decision` requires the per-decision capability token, and that token leaves the server **only**
+ * inside a push payload (`pushService.notify(session, 'needs-input', token)`) — never over the WS, never in
+ * `/live-sessions`. That is deliberate payload minimisation (plan §8), and it means no automated client can
+ * legitimately obtain it. So this class proves the parts that ARE provable and does not fake the rest:
+ *
+ *  - a gate really is held, and the held-gate `status` frame really reaches an attached device;
+ *  - `/hook/decision` **refuses** a well-formed but wrong token (403) and a malformed body (400), and the
+ *    gate is still held afterwards — the security half, and the half a bug would most likely break;
+ *  - the gate resolves through the in-app path (`approve` on the WS), observed by the held
+ *    `POST /hook/permission` request finally returning.
+ *
+ * The remaining step — a real notification-action POST with a real token — stays on the device-QA checklist
+ * under Push, where it belongs, because it needs a real FCM delivery. It is NOT quietly asserted here.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@LargeTest
+class HeldGateE2eTest {
+
+    /**
+     * A wrong capability token must be refused and must leave the gate held. This is the SEC-C1/M1
+     * contract: the token is the whole authorisation for a decision made from a lock screen, so a
+     * mismatched, stale or absent one has to be a hard 403.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun hookDecisionRefusesAWrongTokenAndLeavesTheGateHeld() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val (socket, sessionId) = E2eSocket.attach(host, sessionId = null)
+        val gate = HeldGate.hold(host, sessionId)
+        try {
+            // The gate must actually be held before the refusal means anything.
+            val status = socket.awaitFrame("the held-gate status frame") {
+                it is ServerMessage.Status && it.pending
+            } as ServerMessage.Status
+            assertEquals("a plain tool gate must be reported as such", GateKind.TOOL, status.gate)
+            assertEquals(ClaudeStatus.WAITING, status.status)
+
+            val wrongToken = UUID.randomUUID().toString()
+            val (refused, _) = host.postJson(
+                "/hook/decision",
+                """{"sessionId":"$sessionId","decision":"allow","token":"$wrongToken"}""",
+                origin = host.endpoint.originHeader,
+            )
+            assertEquals(
+                "a mismatched capability token must 403 — it is the only thing authorising a remote decision",
+                WebTermTestHost.ReachableHost.FORBIDDEN,
+                refused,
+            )
+
+            val (malformed, _) = host.postJson(
+                "/hook/decision",
+                """{"sessionId":"$sessionId","decision":"maybe","token":"$wrongToken"}""",
+                origin = host.endpoint.originHeader,
+            )
+            assertEquals(
+                "an unknown decision verb must 400, never be coerced into allow",
+                HTTP_BAD_REQUEST,
+                malformed,
+            )
+
+            assertTrue(
+                "the refusals must not have resolved the gate — the hook request must still be held",
+                !gate.hasResponded(),
+            )
+        } finally {
+            socket.send(ClientMessage.Reject) // release the hold so the server is left clean
+            gate.awaitResponse()
+            socket.close()
+            runCatching { host.delete("/live-sessions/$sessionId") }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * `/hook/decision` is a GUARDED route, so a foreign `Origin` must 403 before the token is even looked
+     * at. Otherwise a malicious page could spend a token it somehow observed.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun hookDecisionRefusesAForeignOrigin() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val (socket, sessionId) = E2eSocket.attach(host, sessionId = null)
+        try {
+            val (status, _) = host.postJson(
+                "/hook/decision",
+                """{"sessionId":"$sessionId","decision":"allow","token":"${UUID.randomUUID()}"}""",
+                origin = FOREIGN_ORIGIN,
+            )
+
+            assertEquals(
+                "the Origin guard must run before the token check on /hook/decision",
+                WebTermTestHost.ReachableHost.FORBIDDEN,
+                status,
+            )
+        } finally {
+            socket.close()
+            runCatching { host.delete("/live-sessions/$sessionId") }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The in-app resolution path, end to end: the attached device sends `approve` (with the mode as a
+     * TOP-LEVEL key, per plan §4.1) and the held `POST /hook/permission` request returns — which is the
+     * server telling Claude Code to proceed. Observing that return is the only proof the hold was really
+     * released rather than merely hidden in the UI.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun approveOnTheWireResolvesTheHeldGate() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val (socket, sessionId) = E2eSocket.attach(host, sessionId = null)
+        val gate = HeldGate.hold(host, sessionId)
+        try {
+            socket.awaitFrame("the held-gate status frame") { it is ServerMessage.Status && it.pending }
+            assertTrue("the hook request must still be held before we decide", !gate.hasResponded())
+
+            socket.send(ClientMessage.Approve(mode = ApproveMode.ACCEPT_EDITS))
+
+            val body = gate.awaitResponse()
+            assertTrue(
+                "the held hook request must return a decision body, got: $body",
+                body.isNotEmpty() && body.trimStart().startsWith("{"),
+            )
+            assertTrue(
+                "an approval must not come back as a plain empty object (that is the timeout fallback)",
+                body.replace(" ", "") != "{}",
+            )
+        } finally {
+            socket.close()
+            runCatching { host.delete("/live-sessions/$sessionId") }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        const val HTTP_BAD_REQUEST = 400
+        const val FOREIGN_ORIGIN = "http://evil.example"
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/e2e/SessionRoundTripE2eTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.e2e
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClientMessage
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ServerMessage
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.Validation
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.WireConstants
+import java.util.UUID
+
+/**
+ * **A34 — instrumented E2E against a real `npm start` host.**
+ *
+ * Every test here runs on the device, over a real socket, against this repo's own server. The frames are
+ * encoded and decoded by production's [wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.MessageCodec], so a drift between the
+ * frozen client contract and the actual server surfaces here and nowhere else in the suite.
+ *
+ * If no host is reachable each test SKIPS with the command needed to make it reachable — see
+ * [WebTermTestHost]. It never quietly passes.
+ *
+ * Every session this class spawns is killed in a `finally`, via the guarded
+ * `DELETE /live-sessions/:id`, so a run leaves no orphan PTYs behind on the developer's machine.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@LargeTest
+class SessionRoundTripE2eTest {
+
+    /**
+     * The core loop the whole product rests on: `attach(null)` → `attached` with a server-issued id →
+     * typed bytes → the shell's own output comes back. Also pins the two contract details a client gets
+     * wrong most easily: the id must be adopted from the server (never the one we asked for), and Enter is
+     * `\r`.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun attachThenTypeThenOutput_roundTripsThroughARealPty() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val (socket, sessionId) = E2eSocket.attach(host, sessionId = null)
+        try {
+            assertTrue(
+                "the server-issued session id must be a lowercase v4 UUID: $sessionId",
+                Validation.isValidSessionId(sessionId),
+            )
+            assertEquals("…and must parse as a UUID", sessionId, UUID.fromString(sessionId).toString())
+
+            // A marker the shell will echo back through the PTY. `\r` (never `\n`) is what Enter sends.
+            val marker = "webterm-e2e-${UUID.randomUUID()}"
+            socket.send(ClientMessage.Input("printf '%s\\n' $marker\r"))
+
+            val output = socket.awaitFrame("the marker echoed back by the shell") {
+                it is ServerMessage.Output && it.data.contains(marker)
+            }
+            assertTrue("expected an output frame, got $output", output is ServerMessage.Output)
+        } finally {
+            socket.close()
+            host.killQuietly(sessionId)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * `attach` MUST be the first frame, with the `sessionId` key ALWAYS present (JSON `null` for a new
+     * session — the server rejects a missing key). Sending something else first must not bind a session:
+     * the server logs a protocol violation and keeps waiting, so the later `attach` still works. This is
+     * the ordering guarantee the whole reconnect ladder depends on.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun aNonAttachFirstFrameBindsNothing_andTheLaterAttachStillWorks() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val socket = E2eSocket.dial(host)
+        var sessionId: String? = null
+        try {
+            socket.send(ClientMessage.Input("this must be ignored\r"))
+            socket.send(ClientMessage.Resize(cols = 100, rows = 40))
+
+            socket.send(ClientMessage.Attach(sessionId = null))
+            val attached = socket.awaitFrame("attached after an out-of-order first frame") {
+                it is ServerMessage.Attached
+            } as ServerMessage.Attached
+            sessionId = attached.sessionId
+            assertTrue(Validation.isValidSessionId(attached.sessionId))
+        } finally {
+            socket.close()
+            sessionId?.let { host.killQuietly(it) }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * **F5/F6 — reconnect replays the ring buffer, with no dropped bytes on a multi-MB replay.**
+     *
+     * The session is made to produce a large volume of output, the client detaches (which must NOT kill
+     * the PTY), then re-attaches by id. Every byte of the replay has to arrive: the assertion is not "some
+     * output came back" but that a *numbered sequence* is present, in order, with no gap — the only way to
+     * catch a truncated or interleaved replay. `MessageCodec` decodes the replay frame, so this also
+     * exercises the client's ability to receive a single very large text frame.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun reconnectReplaysTheRingBufferWithNoDroppedBytes() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val (first, sessionId) = E2eSocket.attach(host, sessionId = null)
+        try {
+            // seq prints REPLAY_LINES numbered lines; awk pads each to ~PAD_BYTES so the ring holds
+            // hundreds of KB to a few MB of real PTY output rather than a handful of lines.
+            first.send(
+                ClientMessage.Input(
+                    "seq 1 $REPLAY_LINES | awk '{ printf \"%s:\", \$1; " +
+                        "for (i = 0; i < $PAD_REPEATS; i++) printf \"$PAD_CHUNK\"; printf \"\\n\" }'\r",
+                ),
+            )
+            first.awaitFrame("the last line of the generated output") {
+                it is ServerMessage.Output && it.data.contains("$REPLAY_LINES:")
+            }
+            first.drainOutput()
+            // Detach only. The PTY must survive — that is the product's central design point.
+            first.close()
+            assertTrue("the first connection never closed", first.awaitClosed())
+
+            val stillRunning = host.get("/live-sessions").second
+            assertTrue(
+                "the session must survive the detach (PTY lifecycle != WS lifecycle)",
+                stillRunning.contains(sessionId),
+            )
+
+            val (second, adopted) = E2eSocket.attach(host, sessionId = sessionId)
+            try {
+                assertEquals("re-attach must adopt the same id", sessionId, adopted)
+                val replay = second.drainOutput(quietMs = REPLAY_QUIET_MS)
+
+                assertTrue(
+                    "a replay must arrive at all; got ${replay.length} chars",
+                    replay.length > MIN_REPLAY_CHARS,
+                )
+                assertTrue(
+                    "the ESC[0m soft-reset prefix must be passed through, not stripped",
+                    replay.contains(WireConstants.REPLAY_SOFT_RESET_PREFIX),
+                )
+                // The ring is a fixed-size window, so the OLDEST lines are legitimately gone. What must
+                // never happen is a HOLE: from the first line present to the last, every number must be
+                // there. That is what a dropped or reordered chunk would break.
+                // Anchored at a line start: an unanchored `contains("234:")` would also match inside
+                // "1234:", which would silently inflate the set and make the contiguity check vacuous.
+                val present = (1..REPLAY_LINES).filter { replay.contains("\n$it:") }
+                assertTrue("no numbered line survived the replay at all", present.isNotEmpty())
+                assertEquals(
+                    "the replay has a hole — lines ${present.first()}..${present.last()} should be contiguous",
+                    (present.first()..present.last()).toList(),
+                    present,
+                )
+                assertTrue(
+                    "the newest line must always be in the ring",
+                    replay.contains("\n$REPLAY_LINES:"),
+                )
+            } finally {
+                second.close()
+            }
+        } finally {
+            host.killQuietly(sessionId)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A shell that exits ends the session: `exit` is terminal, and the row disappears from
+     * `/live-sessions`. This is the ordinary exit path — the `-1` spawn-failure path needs a deliberately
+     * broken server and lives in [SpawnFailureE2eTest].
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun aShellThatExitsProducesATerminalExitFrame() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val (socket, sessionId) = E2eSocket.attach(host, sessionId = null)
+        try {
+            socket.send(ClientMessage.Input("exit $EXPECTED_EXIT_CODE\r"))
+
+            val exit = socket.awaitFrame("the exit frame") { it is ServerMessage.Exit } as ServerMessage.Exit
+            assertEquals("the shell's own exit status must be reported verbatim", EXPECTED_EXIT_CODE, exit.code)
+        } finally {
+            socket.close()
+            host.killQuietly(sessionId)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * **Kill via the guarded `DELETE /live-sessions/:id`** (the swipe-to-kill action). 204 the first time,
+     * and **404 the second time counts as success** — "already gone" is the desired end state, which is
+     * why the client must not treat it as an error (plan §4.3).
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun killingASessionRemovesItAndASecondKillIsAlreadyGone() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val (socket, sessionId) = E2eSocket.attach(host, sessionId = null)
+        socket.close()
+
+        val (firstStatus, _) = host.delete("/live-sessions/$sessionId")
+        assertEquals("the first kill must be a 204", WebTermTestHost.ReachableHost.NO_CONTENT, firstStatus)
+
+        assertTrue(
+            "the killed session must be gone from /live-sessions",
+            !host.get("/live-sessions").second.contains(sessionId),
+        )
+
+        val (secondStatus, _) = host.delete("/live-sessions/$sessionId")
+        assertEquals(
+            "a second kill must be 404 (already gone = success), not an error the UI would surface",
+            WebTermTestHost.ReachableHost.NOT_FOUND,
+            secondStatus,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The Origin 铁律, positive half: the guarded kill route must be REFUSED without a byte-equal `Origin`.
+     * The negative half (a foreign origin on the WS upgrade, F9) is [CswshDefenceE2eTest].
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun theGuardedKillRouteRefusesAForeignOrigin() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val (socket, sessionId) = E2eSocket.attach(host, sessionId = null)
+        socket.close()
+        try {
+            val (status, _) = host.delete("/live-sessions/$sessionId", origin = FOREIGN_ORIGIN)
+
+            assertEquals(
+                "a foreign Origin must 403 on a state-changing route",
+                WebTermTestHost.ReachableHost.FORBIDDEN,
+                status,
+            )
+            assertTrue(
+                "…and the session must still be alive, i.e. the refusal actually refused",
+                host.get("/live-sessions").second.contains(sessionId),
+            )
+        } finally {
+            host.killQuietly(sessionId)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Best-effort cleanup: 204 and 404 are both fine, and a transport error must not mask a real failure. */
+    private fun WebTermTestHost.ReachableHost.killQuietly(sessionId: String) {
+        runCatching { delete("/live-sessions/$sessionId") }
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        /** ~REPLAY_LINES × (PAD_REPEATS × 64) bytes of PTY output — comfortably past a single WS frame. */
+        const val REPLAY_LINES = 4_000
+        const val PAD_REPEATS = 8
+        const val PAD_CHUNK = "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef"
+
+        const val MIN_REPLAY_CHARS = 100_000
+        const val REPLAY_QUIET_MS = 2_500L
+
+        /** An arbitrary non-zero status, chosen so a coincidental 0 cannot pass the assertion. */
+        const val EXPECTED_EXIT_CODE = 42
+
+        /** Not a real host — the point is that it is not in the server's allow-list. */
+        const val FOREIGN_ORIGIN = "http://evil.example"
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/e2e/SpawnFailureE2eTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.e2e
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.BannerModel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClientMessage
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ServerMessage
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.WireConstants
+
+/**
+ * **A34 — a host whose shell cannot start, and the spawn-failure banner.**
+ *
+ * ## What was expected, and what a real server actually does — MEASURED, 2026-07-30
+ * Plan §4.1 and `src/server.ts` (M4) say a spawn failure surfaces as `exit(-1)` with a required `reason`:
+ * `manager.handleAttach` throws, the server sends `exit(-1)` and closes that connection. The client turns
+ * that into the non-retryable "会话启动失败" banner instead of entering the reconnect ladder.
+ *
+ * **That path did not fire.** A server started with `SHELL_PATH=/nonexistent/shell` (port 3112, run against
+ * this suite on 2026-07-30) answered `attached` and then `exit` with **code 1, not -1**. The reason is
+ * structural, not a configuration slip: node-pty's `pty.fork()` returns successfully and the `execvp`
+ * failure happens in the FORKED CHILD, which `_exit(1)`s (`node_modules/node-pty/src/unix/pty.cc`, and the
+ * same in `spawn-helper.cc` for `chdir`). So nothing throws synchronously in `createSession`, `handleAttach`
+ * returns a live session, and the failure arrives later as an ordinary child exit. On POSIX, `exit(-1)`
+ * therefore looks **unreachable through any client-visible route** — which is reported to the plan owner
+ * rather than papered over here.
+ *
+ * ## So this class asserts what is true, and never pretends
+ * - Over the wire, against the deliberately-broken host: a session whose shell cannot be executed produces
+ *   a **terminal, non-zero `exit`** and does not linger in `/live-sessions`. That is the behaviour a client
+ *   must actually handle, and asserting `-1` here would be asserting a fiction.
+ * - The `-1` → banner reduction is asserted separately and is labelled as a MODEL assertion, not an
+ *   over-the-wire one, because no reachable server input produces `-1` today. If the server ever gains a
+ *   real `-1` path, the wire test above starts distinguishing the two and this stays correct.
+ *
+ * Without `-e webtermSpawnFailureHost` the wire test SKIPS with the exact command to provide one — it is
+ * never a silent pass.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@LargeTest
+class SpawnFailureE2eTest {
+
+    /**
+     * A host whose `SHELL_PATH` does not exist must not leave the user with a half-alive session: the
+     * `exit` frame has to arrive, be non-zero, and the session must be gone afterwards. Anything less and a
+     * walked-away user would sit on a "connecting…" spinner against a shell that can never run.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun aHostWhoseShellCannotStartProducesATerminalNonZeroExit() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.requireSpawnFailureHost()
+        val socket = E2eSocket.dial(host)
+        var sessionId: String? = null
+        try {
+            socket.send(ClientMessage.Attach(sessionId = null))
+
+            val frame = socket.awaitFrame("either attached or a terminal exit") {
+                it is ServerMessage.Attached || it is ServerMessage.Exit
+            }
+            (frame as? ServerMessage.Attached)?.let { sessionId = it.sessionId }
+
+            val exit = frame as? ServerMessage.Exit
+                ?: socket.awaitFrame("the exit that follows a failed exec") { it is ServerMessage.Exit }
+                    as ServerMessage.Exit
+
+            assertTrue(
+                "a shell that cannot be executed must produce a NON-ZERO exit, got ${exit.code}",
+                exit.code != CLEAN_EXIT,
+            )
+            sessionId?.let { id ->
+                assertTrue(
+                    "the dead session must not linger in /live-sessions",
+                    !host.get("/live-sessions").second.contains(id),
+                )
+            }
+        } finally {
+            socket.close()
+            sessionId?.let { runCatching { host.delete("/live-sessions/$it") } }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The CLIENT half of the `exit(-1)` contract, asserted on the model rather than over the wire — see the
+     * class doc for why no reachable server input produces `-1`. It stays here, next to the wire test, so
+     * the two are read together and the gap is visible instead of forgotten: if the sentinel ever does
+     * arrive, this is the behaviour it must drive.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun theMinusOneSentinelReducesToTheNonRetryableSpawnFailureBanner() {
+        val banner = BannerModel.Exited(WireConstants.SPAWN_FAILED_EXIT_CODE, "spawn /nonexistent/shell ENOENT")
+
+        assertTrue("code -1 must be recognised as a spawn failure", banner.isSpawnFailure)
+        assertTrue("a spawn failure must never show a retry spinner", !banner.showsSpinner)
+        assertTrue("…and must offer a new session instead", banner.offersNewSession)
+        assertNotNull("`reason` is what the banner shows the user; it is required on -1", banner.reason)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The neighbouring case a client must NOT confuse with a spawn failure: a bad `cwd` kills the child
+     * (node-pty's `spawn-helper` `chdir` → `_exit(1)`), which is an ordinary exit. Reporting it as `-1`
+     * would stop the client offering a retry in a case where retrying elsewhere works.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun aBadCwdIsAnOrdinaryExitNotASpawnFailure() {
+        val host = WebTermTestHost.require()
+        val socket = E2eSocket.dial(host)
+        var sessionId: String? = null
+        try {
+            socket.send(
+                ClientMessage.Attach(sessionId = null, cwd = "/webterm-e2e/definitely-does-not-exist"),
+            )
+
+            val frame = socket.awaitFrame("either attached or exit") {
+                it is ServerMessage.Attached || it is ServerMessage.Exit
+            }
+            (frame as? ServerMessage.Attached)?.let { sessionId = it.sessionId }
+
+            val exit = frame as? ServerMessage.Exit
+                ?: socket.awaitFrame("the child exiting after chdir failed") { it is ServerMessage.Exit }
+                    as ServerMessage.Exit
+
+            assertEquals(
+                "a bad cwd must not be reported as the spawn-failure sentinel — it is the child that died",
+                false,
+                exit.code == WireConstants.SPAWN_FAILED_EXIT_CODE,
+            )
+        } finally {
+            socket.close()
+            sessionId?.let { runCatching { host.delete("/live-sessions/$it") } }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        const val CLEAN_EXIT = 0
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/e2e/WebTermTestHost.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.e2e
+
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
+import okhttp3.Cookie
+import okhttp3.CookieJar
+import okhttp3.HttpUrl
+import okhttp3.MediaType.Companion.toMediaType
+import okhttp3.OkHttpClient
+import okhttp3.Request
+import okhttp3.RequestBody.Companion.toRequestBody
+import org.junit.Assume
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
+import java.io.IOException
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
+
+/**
+ * Locating (or honestly declining to locate) a real WebTerm server for the A34 instrumented E2E suite.
+ *
+ * ### The rule this file exists to enforce
+ * **A test that cannot tell "passed" from "never ran" is worse than no test.** Every E2E test therefore
+ * goes through [require], which either hands back a *proven-reachable* host or raises a JUnit assumption
+ * failure carrying the exact command needed to make it reachable. It never returns a host it has not
+ * spoken to, and it never lets a test body no-op its way to green.
+ *
+ * ### Where the address comes from (never hardcoded, never personal)
+ * 1. `-e webtermHost <base-url>` — an instrumentation argument. This is how a LAN address is supplied; it
+ *    is read at run time so no host of anyone's ever enters the source tree.
+ * 2. Otherwise [EMULATOR_HOST_ALIAS], which is not a personal address at all: `10.0.2.2` is the Android
+ *    emulator's fixed platform alias for the host machine's loopback, documented by Google, and it is the
+ *    right default because the server under test is this repo's own `npm start`.
+ *
+ * ### Two things that will bite whoever runs this
+ * - **`Origin`.** The server derives its allow-list from the host's NIC addresses (`src/config.ts`
+ *   `deriveAllowedOrigins`), and `10.0.2.2` is a *guest-side* alias that never appears among them. So the
+ *   three guarded routes 403 unless the server is started with that origin allowed:
+ *   `ALLOWED_ORIGINS=http://10.0.2.2:3000 npm start`. [require] proves this up front rather than letting
+ *   individual tests fail obscurely.
+ * - **`WEBTERM_TOKEN`.** If the server is token-gated, every route (and the WS upgrade) needs the
+ *   `webterm_auth` cookie. Pass the token with `-e webtermToken <t>` and it is exchanged via `POST /auth`
+ *   into the in-memory jar installed on the one [OkHttpClient] both the REST and WS halves use —
+ *   the same "one client, one jar" shape production relies on. The token is never logged and never written
+ *   anywhere.
+ */
+internal object WebTermTestHost {
+
+    const val ARG_HOST: String = "webtermHost"
+    const val ARG_TOKEN: String = "webtermToken"
+    const val ARG_SPAWN_FAILURE_HOST: String = "webtermSpawnFailureHost"
+
+    /** The emulator's fixed alias for the host machine's loopback (an Android platform constant). */
+    const val EMULATOR_HOST_ALIAS: String = "http://10.0.2.2:3000"
+
+    private const val CONNECT_TIMEOUT_S = 3L
+    private const val READ_TIMEOUT_S = 10L
+    private const val HTTP_OK = 200
+    private const val HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED = 401
+    private const val HTTP_NO_CONTENT = 204
+    private const val HTTP_FORBIDDEN = 403
+    private const val HTTP_NOT_FOUND = 404
+
+    private val JSON = "application/json; charset=utf-8".toMediaType()
+
+    fun argument(name: String): String? =
+        InstrumentationRegistry.getArguments().getString(name)?.takeIf { it.isNotBlank() }
+
+    /**
+     * A reachable host, or a JUnit assumption failure (reported as SKIPPED, never as a pass) explaining
+     * exactly how to provide one.
+     */
+    fun require(): ReachableHost {
+        val baseUrl = argument(ARG_HOST) ?: EMULATOR_HOST_ALIAS
+        val endpoint = HostEndpoint.fromBaseUrl(baseUrl)
+        Assume.assumeTrue(
+            "`-e $ARG_HOST $baseUrl` is not a usable http(s) base URL, so no E2E host could be built.",
+            endpoint != null,
+        )
+        return probe(endpoint!!, argument(ARG_TOKEN))
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The optional second host for the "shell cannot start" case. It needs its own deliberately-broken
+     * instance because no client input can make a healthy host fail to spawn.
+     *
+     * MEASURED 2026-07-30: such a host answers `exit` with code **1**, not the documented `-1` sentinel —
+     * node-pty's `pty.fork()` succeeds and the `execvp` failure happens in the forked child, which
+     * `_exit(1)`s. See [SpawnFailureE2eTest] for the full finding.
+     */
+    fun requireSpawnFailureHost(): ReachableHost {
+        val baseUrl = argument(ARG_SPAWN_FAILURE_HOST)
+        Assume.assumeTrue(
+            """
+            |SKIPPED — no broken-shell host was supplied, so the failed-spawn path could not be exercised.
+            |Start a second server whose shell does not exist and point the suite at it:
+            |    SHELL_PATH=/nonexistent/shell PORT=3112 ALLOWED_ORIGINS=http://10.0.2.2:3112 npm start
+            |    ./gradlew :app:connectedDebugAndroidTest \
+            |      -Pandroid.testInstrumentationRunnerArguments.$ARG_SPAWN_FAILURE_HOST=http://10.0.2.2:3112
+            """.trimMargin(),
+            baseUrl != null,
+        )
+        val endpoint = HostEndpoint.fromBaseUrl(baseUrl!!)
+        Assume.assumeTrue("`-e $ARG_SPAWN_FAILURE_HOST $baseUrl` is not a usable http(s) base URL.", endpoint != null)
+        return probe(endpoint!!, argument(ARG_TOKEN))
+    }
+
+    private fun probe(endpoint: HostEndpoint, token: String?): ReachableHost {
+        val cookieJar = MemoryCookieJar()
+        val client = OkHttpClient.Builder()
+            .cookieJar(cookieJar)
+            .connectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT_S, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+            .readTimeout(READ_TIMEOUT_S, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+            .pingInterval(0, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+            .build()
+        val host = ReachableHost(endpoint, client)
+
+        val firstStatus = try {
+            host.get("/live-sessions").first
+        } catch (e: IOException) {
+            Assume.assumeNoException(
+                """
+                |SKIPPED — no WebTerm server answered at ${endpoint.baseUrl} (${e.javaClass.simpleName}: ${e.message}).
+                |Start this repo's own server on the machine hosting the emulator, allowing the guest-side
+                |origin so the three guarded routes are usable:
+                |    ALLOWED_ORIGINS=${endpoint.originHeader} npm start
+                |or point the suite at a LAN address instead:
+                |    -Pandroid.testInstrumentationRunnerArguments.$ARG_HOST=http://<lan-ip>:3000
+                """.trimMargin(),
+                e,
+            )
+            error("unreachable") // assumeNoException always throws
+        }
+
+        if (firstStatus == HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED) {
+            Assume.assumeTrue(
+                """
+                |SKIPPED — ${endpoint.baseUrl} is gated by WEBTERM_TOKEN and no token was supplied. Pass it with
+                |    -Pandroid.testInstrumentationRunnerArguments.$ARG_TOKEN=<the token>
+                |(the token is only exchanged for the webterm_auth cookie; it is never logged or persisted).
+                """.trimMargin(),
+                token != null,
+            )
+            val authStatus = host.postJson("/auth", """{"token":${quote(token!!)}}""").first
+            Assume.assumeTrue(
+                "SKIPPED — POST /auth at ${endpoint.baseUrl} rejected the supplied token (HTTP $authStatus).",
+                authStatus == HTTP_NO_CONTENT,
+            )
+        }
+
+        val (status, body) = host.get("/live-sessions")
+        Assume.assumeTrue(
+            "SKIPPED — GET /live-sessions at ${endpoint.baseUrl} answered HTTP $status, so this is not a usable WebTerm host.",
+            status == HTTP_OK,
+        )
+        Assume.assumeTrue(
+            "SKIPPED — ${endpoint.baseUrl} answered GET /live-sessions with a non-array body, so it is not WebTerm.",
+            body.trimStart().startsWith("["),
+        )
+        return host
+    }
+
+    private fun quote(value: String): String = buildString {
+        append('"')
+        for (ch in value) {
+            when (ch) {
+                '"' -> append("\\\"")
+                '\\' -> append("\\\\")
+                else -> append(ch)
+            }
+        }
+        append('"')
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A host that has been *proven* to answer. Exposes only what the E2E tests need, over the one shared
+     * client (so the auth cookie covers REST and the WS upgrade alike).
+     */
+    internal class ReachableHost(val endpoint: HostEndpoint, val client: OkHttpClient) {
+
+        fun get(path: String): Pair<Int, String> = exchange(
+            Request.Builder().url(endpoint.baseUrl + path).get().build(),
+        )
+
+        /** A GUARDED route: `Origin` stamped byte-equal to [HostEndpoint.originHeader] (plan §4.3). */
+        fun postJson(path: String, json: String, origin: String? = null): Pair<Int, String> = exchange(
+            Request.Builder()
+                .url(endpoint.baseUrl + path)
+                .post(json.toByteArray().toRequestBody(JSON))
+                .apply { origin?.let { header("Origin", it) } }
+                .build(),
+        )
+
+        fun delete(path: String, origin: String = endpoint.originHeader): Pair<Int, String> = exchange(
+            Request.Builder().url(endpoint.baseUrl + path).delete().header("Origin", origin).build(),
+        )
+
+        private fun exchange(request: Request): Pair<Int, String> =
+            client.newCall(request).execute().use { it.code to (it.body?.string() ?: "") }
+
+        companion object {
+            const val OK: Int = HTTP_OK
+            const val NO_CONTENT: Int = HTTP_NO_CONTENT
+            const val UNAUTHORIZED: Int = HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED
+            const val FORBIDDEN: Int = HTTP_FORBIDDEN
+            const val NOT_FOUND: Int = HTTP_NOT_FOUND
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Minimal in-memory jar — enough to carry `webterm_auth` across REST calls and the WS upgrade. */
+    private class MemoryCookieJar : CookieJar {
+        private val cookies = mutableMapOf<String, Cookie>()
+
+        override fun loadForRequest(url: HttpUrl): List<Cookie> = synchronized(cookies) {
+            cookies.values.filter { it.matches(url) }
+        }
+
+        override fun saveFromResponse(url: HttpUrl, cookies: List<Cookie>) = synchronized(this.cookies) {
+            cookies.forEach { this.cookies[it.name] = it }
+        }
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/terminal/AlternateScreenScrollRegressionTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.terminal
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest
+import org.junit.After
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClientMessage
+
+/**
+ * REGRESSION — **the CRITICAL one: one finger-swipe inside an alternate-screen TUI killed the process.**
+ *
+ * Stock `TerminalView.doScroll` (offsets 56–79 of the pinned `terminal-view-v0.118.0.aar`) turns a scroll
+ * into `handleKeyCode(KEYCODE_DPAD_UP|DOWN, 0)` **whenever the alternate screen buffer is active**, and
+ * `handleKeyCode` offsets 15–19 are `mTermSession.getEmulator()` with NO null guard. `mEmulator` is
+ * guarded; `mTermSession` is not, and it is null forever in this app (plan §6.1). No `TerminalViewClient`
+ * callback sits anywhere on that path, so installing a client could not help — only taking the gesture
+ * away from the stock view could.
+ *
+ * **Claude Code is an alternate-screen TUI.** That makes this ordinary use, not an edge case: scrolling
+ * back through a running Claude session was a guaranteed crash. Every test below therefore enters the
+ * alternate buffer with `ESC [ ? 1 0 4 9 h` FIRST, then drives the real gesture through
+ * [android.view.View.dispatchTouchEvent] / `dispatchGenericMotionEvent` — the three stock entry points
+ * (`TerminalView$1.onScroll`, the `TerminalView$1$1` fling runnable, `onGenericMotionEvent`).
+ *
+ * "It did not crash" is necessary but not sufficient, so each test also pins the bytes: the alternate-
+ * buffer branch must emit the DECCKM-correct arrow form, the mouse-tracking branch must emit a mouse
+ * report and NOT arrows, and the fling must be silent (proof the stock runnable never started).
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@LargeTest
+class AlternateScreenScrollRegressionTest {
+
+    private lateinit var harness: TerminalTestHarness
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        harness = TerminalTestHarness.launch()
+        harness.awaitAttachSettled()
+        // ESC [ ? 1 0 4 9 h — enter the alternate screen buffer. This is the state Claude Code, vim,
+        // htop, less and every git pager run in, and the state that made stock scrolling fatal.
+        harness.feedAndAwait("\u001b[?1049h", "the alternate screen buffer to be active") {
+            harness.emulator.isAlternateBufferActive
+        }
+        harness.clearSent()
+    }
+
+    @After
+    fun tearDown() {
+        harness.close()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun swipeUpInsideTheAlternateBuffer_doesNotCrashAndEmitsDownArrows() {
+        val claimed = harness.dragVertically(startY = 700f, totalDeltaPx = -DRAG_DISTANCE_PX)
+
+        assertTrue(
+            "the frame must claim the vertical drag — that is what makes stock doScroll unreachable",
+            claimed,
+        )
+        assertTrue("the alternate buffer must still be active", harness.emulator.isAlternateBufferActive)
+        val frames = harness.drainSent().filterIsInstance<ClientMessage.Input>()
+        assertTrue("a claimed drag must scroll at least one row", frames.isNotEmpty())
+        assertEquals(
+            "a finger moving UP the screen scrolls the TUI forward — DPAD_DOWN in CSI form",
+            emptyList<ClientMessage.Input>(),
+            frames.filterNot { it.data == "\u001b[B" },
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun swipeDownInsideTheAlternateBuffer_doesNotCrashAndEmitsUpArrows() {
+        val claimed = harness.dragVertically(startY = 100f, totalDeltaPx = DRAG_DISTANCE_PX)
+
+        assertTrue("the frame must claim the vertical drag", claimed)
+        val frames = harness.drainSent().filterIsInstance<ClientMessage.Input>()
+        assertTrue("a claimed drag must scroll at least one row", frames.isNotEmpty())
+        assertEquals(
+            "a finger moving DOWN the screen scrolls back — DPAD_UP in CSI form",
+            emptyList<ClientMessage.Input>(),
+            frames.filterNot { it.data == "\u001b[A" },
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The arrow FORM has to follow the emulator's live DECCKM bit, because that is what stock
+     * `handleKeyCode` would have read off `mTermSession.getEmulator()`. A TUI in application-cursor mode
+     * that received `ESC [ A` instead of `ESC O A` would mis-handle the scroll.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun scrollUnderApplicationCursorMode_emitsTheSs3ArrowForm() {
+        harness.feedAndAwait("\u001b[?1h", "DECCKM to be on") {
+            harness.emulator.isCursorKeysApplicationMode
+        }
+        harness.clearSent()
+
+        harness.dragVertically(startY = 100f, totalDeltaPx = DRAG_DISTANCE_PX)
+
+        val frames = harness.drainSent().filterIsInstance<ClientMessage.Input>()
+        assertTrue("a claimed drag must scroll at least one row", frames.isNotEmpty())
+        assertEquals(
+            "application-cursor mode must emit the SS3 form",
+            emptyList<ClientMessage.Input>(),
+            frames.filterNot { it.data == "\u001bOA" },
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * `doScroll`'s FIRST branch (offsets 26–53) is mouse tracking, and it must win over the alternate-
+     * buffer branch. Getting the order wrong would send arrow keys to a program that asked for mouse
+     * reports — the terminal would appear to ignore the wheel.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun wheelUnderMouseTracking_reportsTheWheelAndSendsNoArrowKeys() {
+        // ESC [ ? 1 0 0 0 h — button-press mouse tracking (what a mouse-aware TUI enables).
+        harness.feedAndAwait("\u001b[?1000h", "mouse tracking to be active") {
+            harness.emulator.isMouseTrackingActive
+        }
+        harness.clearSent()
+
+        val handled = harness.scrollWheel(up = true)
+
+        assertTrue("the frame must claim the mouse wheel", handled)
+        val frames = harness.drainSent().filterIsInstance<ClientMessage.Input>()
+        assertTrue("the wheel must be reported to the program", frames.isNotEmpty())
+        assertEquals(
+            "mouse tracking must suppress the arrow-key branch entirely",
+            emptyList<ClientMessage.Input>(),
+            frames.filter { it.data == "\u001b[A" || it.data == "\u001bOA" },
+        )
+        assertTrue(
+            "a wheel report must be an escape sequence, got ${frames.map { it.data.toCharList() }}",
+            frames.all { it.data.startsWith("\u001b[") },
+        )
+    }
+
+    /** Without mouse tracking the wheel takes the same alternate-buffer branch a finger drag does. */
+    @Test
+    fun wheelInsideTheAlternateBuffer_emitsThreeArrowsPerNotch() {
+        val handled = harness.scrollWheel(up = true)
+
+        assertTrue("the frame must claim the mouse wheel", handled)
+        val frames = harness.drainSent().filterIsInstance<ClientMessage.Input>()
+        // Stock onGenericMotionEvent scrolls MOUSE_WHEEL_ROWS (3) rows per notch, one key per row.
+        assertEquals(
+            "one wheel notch is three rows",
+            List(WHEEL_ROWS_PER_NOTCH) { ClientMessage.Input("\u001b[A") },
+            frames,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The third stock entry point is the fling runnable `TerminalView$1$1.run`, which keeps calling
+     * `doScroll` after the finger leaves. It can only start if `mGestureRecognizer` observed the scroll —
+     * which is exactly what the intercept prevents. So the observable is silence after the drag ends: a
+     * live fling would keep emitting arrows (and, before the fix, would crash a beat after the gesture,
+     * which is what made this bug look intermittent).
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun theStockFlingNeverStarts_soNoBytesArriveAfterTheFingerLeaves() {
+        harness.dragVertically(startY = 700f, totalDeltaPx = -DRAG_DISTANCE_PX, steps = 2)
+        harness.drainSent() // the drag's own rows
+
+        val afterTheGesture = harness.drainSent(settleMs = FLING_SETTLE_MS)
+
+        assertEquals(
+            "no fling may continue scrolling after ACTION_UP",
+            emptyList<ClientMessage>(),
+            afterTheGesture,
+        )
+    }
+
+    private fun String.toCharList(): List<Int> = map { it.code }
+
+    private companion object {
+        /** Comfortably past the touch slop and several cell heights on any density. */
+        const val DRAG_DISTANCE_PX = 600f
+
+        /** `TerminalScrollGesture.MOUSE_WHEEL_ROWS` — stock scrolls three rows per notch. */
+        const val WHEEL_ROWS_PER_NOTCH = 3
+
+        /** Long enough for a real fling to have produced several frames of scrolling. */
+        const val FLING_SETTLE_MS = 800L
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/terminal/TerminalAutofillRegressionTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.terminal
+
+import android.view.View
+import android.view.autofill.AutofillValue
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest
+import org.junit.After
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClientMessage
+
+/**
+ * REGRESSION — **a password manager crashed the app just by offering to fill the terminal.**
+ *
+ * Stock `TerminalView.autofill(AutofillValue)` (offsets 7–20) writes the filled text straight into
+ * `mTermSession`, which is null forever here, AND the view advertises itself as fillable
+ * (`getAutofillType()` = `AUTOFILL_TYPE_TEXT`, `getAutofillValue()` non-null). So on any device with an
+ * autofill service enabled — the default state for most users — focusing the terminal was enough to arm a
+ * crash, with no user action beyond accepting the fill.
+ *
+ * The fix is not a try/catch around `autofill`: it is keeping the whole subtree OUT of the autofill
+ * structure, so the framework never builds a fillable node for it. `View.isImportantForAutofill()` walks
+ * the parent chain and stops at the first `*_EXCLUDE_DESCENDANTS`, and that is precisely the gate
+ * `AutofillManager` consults before it will notify a service about a view — so it is the gate these tests
+ * assert, on both the frame and the stock child.
+ *
+ * **Deliberately NOT tested here:** the end-to-end loop with a real autofill service (which needs an
+ * installed, user-selected `AutofillService`) stays on the device-QA checklist. What IS provable on an
+ * emulator is the framework contract that makes the crash unreachable, plus the belt-and-braces
+ * assertion that a fill delivered anyway puts nothing on the wire — shell input is exactly the content
+ * that must never enter an autofill structure (plan §8).
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@LargeTest
+class TerminalAutofillRegressionTest {
+
+    private lateinit var harness: TerminalTestHarness
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        harness = TerminalTestHarness.launch()
+        harness.awaitAttachSettled()
+    }
+
+    @After
+    fun tearDown() {
+        harness.close()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun theTerminalFrameIsExcludedFromTheAutofillStructure() {
+        val flag = harness.onMain { harness.hostView.importantForAutofill }
+        val important = harness.onMain { harness.hostView.isImportantForAutofill }
+
+        assertEquals(
+            "the frame must answer IMPORTANT_FOR_AUTOFILL_NO_EXCLUDE_DESCENDANTS",
+            View.IMPORTANT_FOR_AUTOFILL_NO_EXCLUDE_DESCENDANTS,
+            flag,
+        )
+        assertFalse("the framework must consider the frame unimportant for autofill", important)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The child is the view that actually carries the crashing `autofill` override, and it is reached
+     * through the parent-chain walk — which is why the frame overrides the GETTER rather than only
+     * setting the flag: a later `setImportantForAutofill` cannot quietly re-enable it.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun theStockTerminalViewIsExcludedThroughTheParentChain() {
+        val important = harness.onMain { harness.stockChild.isImportantForAutofill }
+
+        assertFalse(
+            "the stock TerminalView must be unimportant for autofill via the EXCLUDE_DESCENDANTS walk",
+            important,
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun focusingTheTerminalKeepsItExcluded() {
+        harness.onMain { harness.hostView.requestFocus() }
+
+        assertFalse(
+            "focus must not make the terminal fillable — focus is what triggered the old crash",
+            harness.onMain { harness.hostView.isImportantForAutofill },
+        )
+        assertFalse(
+            "…nor the stock child",
+            harness.onMain { harness.stockChild.isImportantForAutofill },
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Belt and braces: even a fill delivered directly at the frame (bypassing the structure gate) must be
+     * inert. A password reaching `ClientMessage.Input` would be typed into whatever shell is running.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun aFillDeliveredAtTheFrameIsInertAndNeverReachesTheWire() {
+        harness.onMain { harness.hostView.autofill(AutofillValue.forText("correct-horse-battery-staple")) }
+
+        assertEquals(
+            "an autofilled value must never be sent to the shell",
+            emptyList<ClientMessage>(),
+            harness.drainSent(),
+        )
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/terminal/TerminalKeyInputRegressionTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.terminal
+
+import android.view.KeyEvent
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest
+import org.junit.After
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClientMessage
+
+/**
+ * REGRESSION — **BLOCKER 1: the app died on the first key press.**
+ *
+ * `TerminalView.mClient` was never installed, and stock `onKeyDown` dereferences it with no null guard
+ * (offset 82–92 → `mClient.onKeyDown(keyCode, event, mTermSession)`), so *any* key — hardware or
+ * soft-keyboard — was an instant NPE on the UI thread. Installing a client that returned `false` would
+ * only have moved the crash one line down, into `mTermSession.write(getCharacters())` (offset 149–160),
+ * because `mTermSession` is null forever here (plan §6.1). The soft-keyboard half was different but no
+ * better: the stock `TerminalView$2` `InputConnection` routes `commitText` into `inputCodePoint`, which
+ * early-returns when `mTermSession == null` — everything typed vanished silently.
+ *
+ * These tests therefore assert **both** halves of the contract on a real device: nothing crashes, AND the
+ * exact right bytes reach the wire. A test that only proved "no crash" would pass against the silent
+ * black hole, which was arguably the worse of the two bugs.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@LargeTest
+class TerminalKeyInputRegressionTest {
+
+    private lateinit var harness: TerminalTestHarness
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        harness = TerminalTestHarness.launch()
+        // Discard the attach-time grid push before any assertion looks at the wire.
+        harness.awaitAttachSettled()
+    }
+
+    @After
+    fun tearDown() {
+        harness.close()
+    }
+
+    // ── Hardware keys ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun hardwareEnter_sendsCarriageReturnNotLineFeed() {
+        val consumed = harness.pressKey(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ENTER)
+
+        assertTrue("the terminal must consume Enter, not leak it to the Activity", consumed)
+        // Repo-wide gotcha: a terminal Enter is CR (0x0D), never LF.
+        assertEquals(ClientMessage.Input("\r"), harness.awaitSent("Enter"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun hardwarePrintableKey_sendsThatCharacter() {
+        harness.pressKey(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_A)
+
+        assertEquals(ClientMessage.Input("a"), harness.awaitSent("the letter a"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun hardwareShiftedKey_sendsTheCapital() {
+        harness.pressKey(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_A, KeyEvent.META_SHIFT_ON or KeyEvent.META_SHIFT_LEFT_ON)
+
+        assertEquals(ClientMessage.Input("A"), harness.awaitSent("Shift+A"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun hardwareCtrlC_sendsTheInterruptControlByte() {
+        harness.pressKey(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_C, KeyEvent.META_CTRL_ON or KeyEvent.META_CTRL_LEFT_ON)
+
+        assertEquals(ClientMessage.Input("\u0003"), harness.awaitSent("Ctrl+C"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun hardwareBackspace_sendsDel() {
+        harness.pressKey(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DEL)
+
+        assertEquals(ClientMessage.Input("\u007f"), harness.awaitSent("Backspace"))
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * DECCKM (plan §6.3): arrows must go through Termux's `KeyHandler` so application-cursor mode emits
+     * `ESC O A` rather than `ESC [ A`. Hardcoding the CSI form breaks vim/htop, so the byte form is
+     * asserted in BOTH modes against the live emulator bit.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun arrowUp_followsTheEmulatorsCursorKeyMode() {
+        harness.pressKey(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_UP)
+        assertEquals(
+            "normal cursor mode must emit the CSI form",
+            ClientMessage.Input("\u001b[A"),
+            harness.awaitSent("Up in normal cursor mode"),
+        )
+
+        // ESC [ ? 1 h — DECCKM on (what full-screen TUIs set).
+        harness.feedAndAwait("\u001b[?1h", "DECCKM to be on") { harness.emulator.isCursorKeysApplicationMode }
+        harness.clearSent()
+
+        harness.pressKey(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_UP)
+        assertEquals(
+            "application cursor mode must emit the SS3 form",
+            ClientMessage.Input("\u001bOA"),
+            harness.awaitSent("Up in application cursor mode"),
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * BACK must stay the Activity's: `WebTermTerminalViewClient.shouldBackButtonBeMappedToEscape()`
+     * answers false precisely so stock `onKeyDown` cannot route it into the terminal branch (whose next
+     * stop is `mTermSession.write`). If this ever returns true the terminal screen becomes a trap the
+     * user cannot leave.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun systemBackKey_isNotSwallowedAndSendsNothing() {
+        val consumedDown = harness.pressKey(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK)
+        val consumedUp = harness.releaseKey(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK)
+
+        assertFalse("BACK down must fall through to the Activity", consumedDown)
+        assertFalse("BACK up must fall through to the Activity", consumedUp)
+        assertEquals("BACK must put no bytes on the wire", emptyList<ClientMessage>(), harness.drainSent())
+    }
+
+    // ── Soft keyboard (the IME seam) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun softKeyboardIsOffered_anInputConnectionForTheTerminal() {
+        val connection = harness.openInputConnection()
+
+        assertTrue(
+            "the frame must declare itself a text editor or no IME will attach",
+            harness.onMain { harness.hostView.onCheckIsTextEditor() },
+        )
+        // Proves the connection is OURS, not the stock TerminalView$2 black hole: committing text has to
+        // reach the wire.
+        harness.onMain { connection.commitText("ls -la", 1) }
+        assertEquals(ClientMessage.Input("ls -la"), harness.awaitSent("a soft-keyboard commit"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun softKeyboardEnter_sendsCarriageReturn() {
+        val connection = harness.openInputConnection()
+
+        // Some IMEs deliver Enter as a synthesised key event rather than as text.
+        harness.onMain {
+            connection.sendKeyEvent(KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN, KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ENTER))
+        }
+
+        assertEquals(ClientMessage.Input("\r"), harness.awaitSent("an IME-synthesised Enter"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun softKeyboardBackspace_sendsDel() {
+        val connection = harness.openInputConnection()
+
+        harness.onMain { connection.deleteSurroundingText(1, 0) }
+
+        assertEquals(ClientMessage.Input("\u007f"), harness.awaitSent("an IME backspace"))
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Non-ASCII is passed through VERBATIM (invariant #9 — no filtering, no normalisation). CJK is the
+     * case that matters because it arrives via composition, and it is also the one a byte-oriented
+     * implementation is most likely to mangle.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun softKeyboardCjkCommit_isPassedThroughVerbatim() {
+        val connection = harness.openInputConnection()
+
+        harness.onMain {
+            connection.setComposingText("中文", 1)
+            connection.commitText("中文", 1)
+        }
+
+        val frames = harness.drainSent().filterIsInstance<ClientMessage.Input>()
+        assertEquals(
+            "the committed CJK text must reach the wire unmodified",
+            "中文",
+            frames.joinToString(separator = "") { it.data },
+        )
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/terminal/TerminalResizeDrawRaceRegressionTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.terminal
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest
+import org.junit.After
+import org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.terminalview.RemoteTerminalSession
+
+/**
+ * REGRESSION for a **defect this suite FOUND, and which is NOT yet fixed** (2026-07-30).
+ *
+ * ## The defect
+ * `RemoteTerminalSession.onResize` calls `emulator.resize(cols, rows)` on its confined *writer* thread.
+ * The stock `TerminalRenderer` reads that same `TerminalBuffer` on the **UI thread** during `onDraw`, and
+ * it caches `mEmulator.mColumns` / `mRows` at the top of `render()` before walking the rows. So a regrid
+ * landing mid-frame tears the buffer out from under the renderer, which then indexes rows that have
+ * already been reallocated to the other size. Both shapes were observed as FATAL exceptions on the main
+ * thread on the `webterm` AVD (android-35):
+ *
+ * ```
+ * FATAL EXCEPTION: main
+ * java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: length=31; index=31
+ *     at com.termux.terminal.TerminalRow.getStyle(TerminalRow.java:244)
+ *     at com.termux.view.TerminalRenderer.render(TerminalRenderer.java:104)
+ *     at com.termux.view.TerminalView.onDraw(TerminalView.java:921)
+ *
+ * FATAL EXCEPTION: main
+ * java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: extRow=19, mScreenRows=18, mActiveTranscriptRows=0
+ *     at com.termux.terminal.TerminalBuffer.externalToInternalRow(TerminalBuffer.java:175)
+ *     at com.termux.view.TerminalRenderer.render(TerminalRenderer.java:83)
+ *     at com.termux.view.TerminalView.onDraw(TerminalView.java:921)
+ * ```
+ *
+ * ## Why it matters, and how reliably it reproduces — stated precisely
+ * The window is not exotic: **every** session attach performs an 80x24 -> real-grid reflow (the server
+ * spawns the PTY at 80x24 and the client corrects it), and every rotation performs another, both while
+ * frames are being drawn. `TerminalBuffer.resize` reallocates every transcript row, so at production's
+ * 10 000-row transcript the mutation takes milliseconds rather than microseconds.
+ *
+ * **Reproduction is load-dependent, and a green run here does NOT mean the bug is gone.** Measured on the
+ * `webterm` AVD:
+ *  - Under load (host memory starved, emulator thrashing) it fired constantly: it aborted roughly one
+ *    instrumentation setup in three, hit an alternating-regrid loop within one or two iterations, and
+ *    surfaced BOTH crash shapes above across about six separate runs.
+ *  - On a freshly rebooted, idle emulator, 60 iterations with a concurrent output burst each pass cleanly:
+ *    the reflow simply finishes inside a gap between frames.
+ *
+ * That is the signature of a real, unsynchronised data race rather than a deterministic bug — and load is
+ * exactly the condition a user meets: a mid-range phone rotating while a busy Claude session streams, or a
+ * cold start replaying a multi-MB ring buffer. So this test is a **stress probe, not a decider**: it fails
+ * loudly when it catches the tear and must not be read as an all-clear when it does not. The finding stands
+ * on the captured stack traces above, not on this test's verdict.
+ *
+ * It is invisible to the 900-strong JVM suite for the usual reason - no JVM test draws a `View` - and
+ * invisible to a manual emulator pass that only reaches the pairing screen, because it needs a bound
+ * session.
+ *
+ * ## The fix (verified here before being reported, and NOT applied — `:terminal-view` is not this
+ * agent's to edit)
+ * Do the reflow on the renderer's own thread: inside the confined consumer, wrap the mutation as
+ * `withContext(mainDispatcher) { emulator.resize(cols, rows) }`. That keeps command ORDER intact (the
+ * consumer still processes one command at a time, so a resize cannot overtake an append) while making the
+ * mutation mutually exclusive with `onDraw`. It is also what Termux itself does — its own
+ * `TerminalView.updateSize()` resizes from the UI thread.
+ *
+ * **Control experiment, run on this emulator:** 60 alternating regrids driven from the *main* thread with
+ * `invalidate()` after each one → zero crashes. The identical loop with the regrid on the confined thread
+ * → FATAL within two iterations. So the hop is sufficient, and the confinement is the cause.
+ *
+ * ## Reading this test
+ * A FAILURE (a main-thread FATAL that also aborts the instrumentation run, which is what the defect does to
+ * a user's app) is a positive catch: the bug is still there. A PASS means only that this run did not win the
+ * race. It deliberately uses the production transcript depth
+ * ([RemoteTerminalSession.TRANSCRIPT_ROWS]) and a concurrent output burst per iteration, which are the two
+ * knobs that widen the window. Once the reflow is hopped onto the main thread the test becomes a genuine
+ * decider, because then no interleaving exists that can tear the buffer.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@LargeTest
+class TerminalResizeDrawRaceRegressionTest {
+
+    private lateinit var harness: TerminalTestHarness
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        // Production scrollback depth on purpose: it is what makes the reallocation — and therefore the
+        // race window — the real size.
+        harness = TerminalTestHarness.launch(transcriptRows = RemoteTerminalSession.TRANSCRIPT_ROWS)
+        harness.awaitAttachSettled()
+    }
+
+    @After
+    fun tearDown() {
+        harness.close()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Alternate between two grids while forcing a redraw after each change — i.e. what a user does by
+     * rotating the device, folding a foldable, or dragging a multi-window divider. Every iteration must
+     * survive; a single torn frame is a dead app.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun regriddingWhileTheRendererDraws_neverTearsTheBuffer() {
+        repeat(REGRID_ITERATIONS) { iteration ->
+            // Keep the confined writer busy so the reflow is queued behind real appends and lands at an
+            // unpredictable point relative to the frame pipeline. Without this the reflow tends to complete
+            // in one gap between frames on a fast, idle device and the tear is missed — the race is
+            // probabilistic, and this is what makes the probability worth testing.
+            harness.session.feedRemote(OUTPUT_BURST.toByteArray(Charsets.UTF_8))
+            val wide = iteration % 2 == 0
+            harness.layoutTo(
+                widthPx = if (wide) WIDE_PX else NARROW_PX,
+                heightPx = if (wide) SHORT_PX else TALL_PX,
+            )
+            harness.onMain {
+                harness.hostView.invalidate()
+                harness.stockChild.invalidate()
+            }
+            harness.awaitTrue("iteration $iteration to reflow the emulator") {
+                harness.emulator.mColumns > 0 && harness.emulator.mRows > 0
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Reaching here at all is the assertion: the failure mode is a process-killing FATAL on the main
+        // thread, not a false return. This last check adds a coherence probe that indexes the buffer the
+        // same way the renderer does — a torn buffer throws out of it rather than answering.
+        val readBack = harness.emulator.screen.getSelectedText(
+            0,
+            0,
+            harness.emulator.mColumns - 1,
+            harness.emulator.mRows - 1,
+        )
+        assertNotNull("the buffer must still be readable at the emulator's advertised dims", readBack)
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        /**
+         * The tear is probabilistic: it needs the reflow to land while a frame is mid-flight, which on an
+         * idle emulator sometimes never happens. 60 iterations with a concurrent output burst each is what
+         * made it reproduce, rather than the 24 quiet ones that passed on a freshly booted device.
+         */
+        const val REGRID_ITERATIONS = 60
+
+        /** ~8 KB of real terminal output per iteration: enough to keep the confined writer working. */
+        val OUTPUT_BURST: String = (1..64).joinToString("") { "webterm-race-$it " + "-".repeat(64) + "\r\n" }
+
+        const val WIDE_PX = 900
+        const val NARROW_PX = 500
+        const val SHORT_PX = 700
+        const val TALL_PX = 900
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/terminal/TerminalResizeRegressionTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.terminal
+
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest
+import org.junit.After
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Before
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.terminalview.RemoteTerminalSession
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClientMessage
+
+/**
+ * REGRESSION — **`resize` had zero call sites, so the PTY stayed at 80×24 forever.**
+ *
+ * `RemoteTerminalSession.updateSize` existed and was unit-tested, and nothing called it. The stock
+ * fallback cannot help either: `TerminalView.updateSize()` early-returns when `mTermSession == null`
+ * (offsets 18–25), permanently our case. The visible symptom was every full-screen TUI — Claude Code
+ * included — rendering into an 80×24 box in the corner of a phone screen, and never reflowing on rotation.
+ *
+ * A JVM test cannot catch this class of bug at all: the arithmetic was already correct and tested
+ * ([wang.yaojia.webterm.terminalview.TerminalGridMath]); what was missing was a real layout pass, real
+ * cell metrics from a real `TerminalRenderer`, and a real wire. All three exist here.
+ *
+ * ### How "the expected grid" is asserted without reading private font metrics
+ * `TerminalRenderer`'s metrics are only reachable through `:terminal-view`'s `internal` API, and the
+ * Termux artifact is `implementation`-scoped so its types are off `:app`'s classpath. Rather than
+ * reflect (which silently rots) the tests assert the **documented formula's own algebra**, which needs no
+ * metric value: with zero padding, `cols = floor(W / fontWidth)`, so doubling the width must give
+ * `floor(2W / fontWidth) ∈ {2·cols, 2·cols + 1}` — and nothing else. Same for rows. That pins the grid to
+ * the plan §6.4 formula rather than merely checking it is "some positive number", and it fails loudly if
+ * the padding assumption ever stops holding (asserted separately).
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@LargeTest
+class TerminalResizeRegressionTest {
+
+    private lateinit var harness: TerminalTestHarness
+
+    @Before
+    fun setUp() {
+        harness = TerminalTestHarness.launch()
+    }
+
+    @After
+    fun tearDown() {
+        harness.close()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun theStockViewHasNoPadding_whichTheGridAlgebraBelowRelies_on() {
+        val horizontal = harness.onMain { harness.stockChild.paddingLeft }
+        val vertical = harness.onMain { harness.stockChild.paddingTop }
+
+        assertEquals("the grid algebra in this class assumes zero horizontal padding", 0, horizontal)
+        assertEquals("the grid algebra in this class assumes zero vertical padding", 0, vertical)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun theFirstLayoutPushesARealGridToTheWireAndToTheEmulator() {
+        val resize = harness.firstResize()
+
+        assertTrue("cols must be a real grid, not the 80x24 default box", resize.cols > 1)
+        assertTrue("rows must be a real grid, not the 80x24 default box", resize.rows > 1)
+        assertEquals(
+            "the local emulator must be reflowed to exactly the dims that went on the wire",
+            resize.cols to resize.rows,
+            harness.emulator.mColumns to harness.emulator.mRows,
+        )
+        assertTrue(
+            "the grid must be within the protocol's validated range",
+            resize.cols in RESIZE_RANGE && resize.rows in RESIZE_RANGE,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The §6.4 formula, checked by its own algebra: doubling the pixel box must double the grid to within
+     * the one cell a `floor` can absorb. A driver that ignored the real metrics (e.g. one that resent the
+     * default 80×24, or one that divided by a re-measured `Paint`) cannot satisfy this.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun doublingTheViewboxDoublesTheGrid_perThePlanFormula() {
+        val base = harness.firstResize()
+
+        harness.clearSent()
+        harness.layoutTo(TerminalTestHarness.DEFAULT_WIDTH_PX * 2, TerminalTestHarness.DEFAULT_HEIGHT_PX * 2)
+        val doubled = harness.awaitResize("the grid after doubling the viewbox")
+
+        assertTrue(
+            "cols=floor(W/fw) ⇒ floor(2W/fw) must be 2·cols or 2·cols+1, was ${doubled.cols} for base ${base.cols}",
+            doubled.cols == base.cols * 2 || doubled.cols == base.cols * 2 + 1,
+        )
+        assertTrue(
+            "rows=H/ls ⇒ 2H/ls must be 2·rows or 2·rows+1, was ${doubled.rows} for base ${base.rows}",
+            doubled.rows == base.rows * 2 || doubled.rows == base.rows * 2 + 1,
+        )
+        assertEquals(
+            "the emulator must follow the wire",
+            doubled.cols to doubled.rows,
+            harness.emulator.mColumns to harness.emulator.mRows,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A rotation is, to this path, a layout pass with the dimensions swapped — and it must produce a NEW
+     * grid rather than keep the portrait one (the "does not reflow on rotation" half of the bug).
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun swappingTheViewboxDimensions_reflowsToATransposedGrid() {
+        val portrait = harness.firstResize()
+
+        harness.clearSent()
+        harness.layoutTo(TerminalTestHarness.DEFAULT_HEIGHT_PX, TerminalTestHarness.DEFAULT_WIDTH_PX)
+        val landscape = harness.awaitResize("the grid after swapping width and height")
+
+        assertTrue("a wider box must give more columns", landscape.cols > portrait.cols)
+        assertTrue("a shorter box must give fewer rows", landscape.rows < portrait.rows)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Layout fires far more often than the grid changes (every IME show/hide, inset change and frame of a
+     * fold drag). Each one becoming a wire frame would mean a SIGWINCH storm, so an unchanged grid must be
+     * silent — the dedup that makes the forced re-assert below necessary in the first place.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun relayoutAtTheSameSize_sendsNothing() {
+        harness.firstResize()
+        harness.clearSent()
+
+        harness.layoutTo(TerminalTestHarness.DEFAULT_WIDTH_PX, TerminalTestHarness.DEFAULT_HEIGHT_PX)
+
+        assertEquals(
+            "an unchanged grid must not reach the wire",
+            emptyList<ClientMessage>(),
+            harness.drainSent(),
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * **The §6.4 double-dedup bug.** A shared PTY has exactly ONE size, so a device returning to the
+     * foreground has to re-assert dims it has already sent in order to take the size back from whichever
+     * device wrote last. Two dedups sit in series on that path — `TerminalResizeDriver.lastGrid` and
+     * `RemoteTerminalSession.lastSentDims` — and BOTH survive a rebind, so an unflagged re-push dies
+     * silently and the returning device stays letterboxed forever.
+     *
+     * Rebinding the session is production's own trigger (`RemoteTerminalView.session`'s setter and
+     * `bindEmulator` both call `reassertLastGrid()`), so this test performs exactly that and requires the
+     * identical grid to reach the wire a second time.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun rebindingTheSession_reassertsTheSameGridOntoTheWire() {
+        val before = harness.firstResize()
+        harness.clearSent()
+
+        // What a device-switch / pane-show does: re-bind, which must force the memoised grid through both
+        // dedups even though not one pixel changed.
+        harness.onMain { harness.view.session = harness.session }
+
+        val reasserted = harness.awaitResize("the forced re-assert after a rebind")
+        assertEquals(
+            "the re-assert must carry the SAME grid — it is a claim on the shared PTY size, not a change",
+            before,
+            reasserted,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The same reclaim through the other production trigger: a brand-new session (a real background →
+     * foreground cycle bumps the generation and builds a fresh emulator at the server's 80×24 default).
+     * The view already knows the real grid, so it must push it at the new session immediately rather than
+     * wait for a layout pass that will never come.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun attachingAFreshSession_pushesTheMeasuredGridImmediately() {
+        val measured = harness.firstResize()
+
+        val replacementSent = java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue<ClientMessage>()
+        val replacement = harness.onMain {
+            RemoteTerminalSession(engineSend = { message -> replacementSent.put(message) })
+        }
+        try {
+            harness.onMain { replacement.attachView(harness.view) }
+
+            val pushed = harness.awaitTrueValue("the fresh session to be told the real grid") {
+                replacementSent.poll()?.let { it as? ClientMessage.Resize }
+            }
+            assertEquals(
+                "a fresh emulator starts at the server's 80x24 default and must be corrected at once",
+                measured,
+                pushed,
+            )
+            assertEquals(
+                "the fresh emulator must be reflowed too",
+                measured.cols to measured.rows,
+                replacement.emulator.mColumns to replacement.emulator.mRows,
+            )
+        } finally {
+            harness.onMain { replacement.close() }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /** The attach-time grid push — the first `Resize` the initial layout produced. */
+    private fun TerminalTestHarness.firstResize(): ClientMessage.Resize = awaitAttachSettled()
+
+    private fun TerminalTestHarness.awaitResize(what: String): ClientMessage.Resize {
+        var last: ClientMessage? = null
+        repeat(MAX_FRAMES_SCANNED) {
+            val message = awaitSent(what)
+            last = message
+            if (message is ClientMessage.Resize) return message
+        }
+        throw AssertionError("no Resize frame arrived while waiting for $what; last frame was $last")
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        /** `WireConstants.RESIZE_RANGE` — the server silently drops anything outside it. */
+        val RESIZE_RANGE = 1..1000
+
+        /** Guards the scan loop from spinning if the wire only ever carries non-Resize frames. */
+        const val MAX_FRAMES_SCANNED = 8
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/terminal/TerminalTestHarness.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,354 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.terminal
+
+import android.app.Activity
+import android.view.KeyEvent
+import android.view.MotionEvent
+import android.view.View
+import android.view.ViewGroup
+import android.view.inputmethod.EditorInfo
+import android.view.inputmethod.InputConnection
+import android.widget.FrameLayout
+import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity
+import androidx.test.core.app.ActivityScenario
+import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
+import com.termux.terminal.TerminalEmulator
+import org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.terminalview.RemoteTerminalSession
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.terminalview.RemoteTerminalView
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClientMessage
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
+
+/**
+ * The device-side rig for the four 2026-07-30 crash regressions.
+ *
+ * ### Why these tests can only exist here
+ * Every defect this rig covers lived in a real `android.view.View` (`TerminalView.onKeyDown`,
+ * `doScroll`, `autofill`, `updateSize`). The 900-odd JVM tests could not see any of them because no JVM
+ * test instantiates a View, inflates an `InputConnection`, dispatches a `MotionEvent` or runs a layout
+ * pass — which is exactly how three crash-on-first-interaction bugs shipped behind a green suite. So the
+ * rig builds the REAL [RemoteTerminalView] inside a REAL Activity and drives it through the REAL
+ * framework entry points. Nothing is faked except the wire: [sent] captures the [ClientMessage]s that
+ * would have gone to the server, which is the only observable a regression can be asserted against
+ * without a host.
+ *
+ * ### Threading contract
+ * The View and the session's bind path are main-thread-only, so every mutation goes through
+ * [onMain]. The test body itself runs on the instrumentation thread, which is what lets [awaitSent] and
+ * [awaitTrue] block: the confined emulator-writer thread and the main looper both stay free to make
+ * progress while the test waits. Blocking on the main thread instead would deadlock the very handoff
+ * under test.
+ */
+internal class TerminalTestHarness private constructor(
+    private val scenario: ActivityScenario<ComponentActivity>,
+    val view: RemoteTerminalView,
+    val session: RemoteTerminalSession,
+    val root: FrameLayout,
+    private val sent: LinkedBlockingQueue<ClientMessage>,
+) {
+    /** The frame that owns focus + the IME contract; the stock Termux view is its only child. */
+    val hostView: View get() = view.terminalView
+
+    /** The stock `com.termux.view.TerminalView`, reachable only as a plain [View]: `:terminal-view`
+     *  scopes the Termux artifact as `implementation`, so its type is off `:app`'s classpath. Every
+     *  assertion this rig needs (`isImportantForAutofill`, padding) is plain `View` API anyway. */
+    val stockChild: View get() = (hostView as ViewGroup).getChildAt(0)
+
+    val emulator: TerminalEmulator get() = session.emulator
+
+    // ── Driving the view ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    fun <T> onMain(block: (Activity) -> T): T {
+        var result: T? = null
+        var failure: Throwable? = null
+        val done = CountDownLatch(1)
+        scenario.onActivity { activity ->
+            try {
+                result = block(activity)
+            } catch (t: Throwable) {
+                failure = t
+            } finally {
+                done.countDown()
+            }
+        }
+        assertTrue("the main thread never ran the block within $MAIN_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS ms",
+            done.await(MAIN_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS))
+        failure?.let { throw it }
+        @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
+        return result as T
+    }
+
+    /** Resize the hosted view to an exact pixel box and wait for the layout pass to land. */
+    fun layoutTo(widthPx: Int, heightPx: Int) {
+        onMain {
+            hostView.layoutParams = FrameLayout.LayoutParams(widthPx, heightPx)
+            hostView.requestLayout()
+        }
+        awaitTrue("the view never laid out at ${widthPx}x$heightPx") {
+            onMain { hostView.width == widthPx && hostView.height == heightPx }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Dispatch a key through the framework entry point a physical keyboard uses. */
+    fun pressKey(keyCode: Int, metaState: Int = 0): Boolean = onMain {
+        val down = KeyEvent(
+            /* downTime = */ 0L,
+            /* eventTime = */ 0L,
+            KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN,
+            keyCode,
+            /* repeat = */ 0,
+            metaState,
+        )
+        hostView.dispatchKeyEvent(down)
+    }
+
+    fun releaseKey(keyCode: Int, metaState: Int = 0): Boolean = onMain {
+        val up = KeyEvent(0L, 0L, KeyEvent.ACTION_UP, keyCode, 0, metaState)
+        hostView.dispatchKeyEvent(up)
+    }
+
+    /** The soft-keyboard seam: the same `InputConnection` an IME would be handed. */
+    fun openInputConnection(): InputConnection = onMain {
+        val editorInfo = EditorInfo()
+        val connection = hostView.onCreateInputConnection(editorInfo)
+        assertNotNull("onCreateInputConnection returned null — the IME would have no target", connection)
+        connection!!
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A vertical finger drag, dispatched exactly as the framework would: one DOWN, [steps] MOVEs and one
+     * UP, all through [View.dispatchTouchEvent] so `onInterceptTouchEvent` runs for real.
+     *
+     * @param totalDeltaPx negative moves the finger UP the screen (content scrolls forward), positive
+     *   moves it DOWN (content scrolls back into history).
+     * @return whether the frame claimed the gesture — true is what makes the crashing stock
+     *   `doScroll` / fling path unreachable rather than merely unlikely.
+     */
+    fun dragVertically(startY: Float, totalDeltaPx: Float, steps: Int = DRAG_STEPS): Boolean {
+        val x = 10f
+        var claimed = false
+        onMain {
+            val down = motionEvent(MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN, x, startY)
+            hostView.dispatchTouchEvent(down)
+            down.recycle()
+            for (step in 1..steps) {
+                val y = startY + totalDeltaPx * step / steps
+                val move = motionEvent(MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE, x, y)
+                // dispatchTouchEvent returns the ViewGroup's verdict; once the frame intercepts, the
+                // remainder is routed to its own onTouchEvent, which keeps returning true.
+                claimed = hostView.dispatchTouchEvent(move) || claimed
+                move.recycle()
+            }
+            val up = motionEvent(MotionEvent.ACTION_UP, x, startY + totalDeltaPx)
+            hostView.dispatchTouchEvent(up)
+            up.recycle()
+        }
+        return claimed
+    }
+
+    /** One external-mouse wheel notch — the second stock entry into the crashing `doScroll`. */
+    fun scrollWheel(up: Boolean): Boolean = onMain {
+        val event = wheelEvent(if (up) 1f else -1f)
+        try {
+            hostView.dispatchGenericMotionEvent(event)
+        } finally {
+            event.recycle()
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── Observing ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /** The next message that reached the (fake) wire, or fail after [WIRE_TIMEOUT_MS]. */
+    fun awaitSent(what: String): ClientMessage {
+        val message = sent.poll(WIRE_TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+        assertNotNull("nothing reached the wire within $WIRE_TIMEOUT_MS ms while waiting for $what", message)
+        return message!!
+    }
+
+    /** Every message that reached the wire within [settleMs] (used to assert "and nothing else"). */
+    fun drainSent(settleMs: Long = SETTLE_MS): List<ClientMessage> {
+        Thread.sleep(settleMs)
+        val drained = ArrayList<ClientMessage>()
+        sent.drainTo(drained)
+        return drained
+    }
+
+    fun clearSent() {
+        sent.clear()
+    }
+
+    /** Feed remote bytes and block until the confined writer has applied them. */
+    fun feedAndAwait(bytes: String, description: String, predicate: () -> Boolean) {
+        session.feedRemote(bytes.toByteArray(Charsets.UTF_8))
+        awaitTrue(description, predicate)
+    }
+
+    fun awaitTrue(what: String, predicate: () -> Boolean) {
+        val deadline = System.nanoTime() + TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(AWAIT_TIMEOUT_MS)
+        while (System.nanoTime() < deadline) {
+            if (predicate()) return
+            Thread.sleep(POLL_INTERVAL_MS)
+        }
+        assertTrue("timed out after $AWAIT_TIMEOUT_MS ms waiting for: $what", predicate())
+    }
+
+    fun close() {
+        onMain { session.close() }
+        scenario.close()
+    }
+
+    private fun motionEvent(action: Int, x: Float, y: Float): MotionEvent =
+        MotionEvent.obtain(DOWN_TIME, DOWN_TIME, action, x, y, 0)
+
+    private fun wheelEvent(vScroll: Float): MotionEvent {
+        val properties = arrayOf(
+            MotionEvent.PointerProperties().apply {
+                id = 0
+                toolType = MotionEvent.TOOL_TYPE_MOUSE
+            },
+        )
+        val coords = arrayOf(
+            MotionEvent.PointerCoords().apply {
+                x = 10f
+                y = 10f
+                setAxisValue(MotionEvent.AXIS_VSCROLL, vScroll)
+            },
+        )
+        return MotionEvent.obtain(
+            /* downTime = */ DOWN_TIME,
+            /* eventTime = */ DOWN_TIME,
+            MotionEvent.ACTION_SCROLL,
+            /* pointerCount = */ 1,
+            properties,
+            coords,
+            /* metaState = */ 0,
+            /* buttonState = */ 0,
+            /* xPrecision = */ 1f,
+            /* yPrecision = */ 1f,
+            /* deviceId = */ 0,
+            /* edgeFlags = */ 0,
+            android.view.InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE,
+            /* flags = */ 0,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Block until the attach-time grid push (80×24 → the real grid) has landed on the wire AND the wire
+     * has gone quiet, then discard those frames.
+     *
+     * Without this, `clearSent()` in a `@Before` races the confined writer: the attach pushes the grid
+     * asynchronously (twice — `attachView`'s session setter and `bindEmulator` both force a re-assert),
+     * so a `Resize` can arrive *after* the clear and be mistaken for the first frame a test caused. Two
+     * of the very first runs of this suite failed exactly that way.
+     */
+    fun awaitAttachSettled(): ClientMessage.Resize {
+        val grid = awaitTrueValue("the attach-time grid to reach the wire") {
+            sent.poll() as? ClientMessage.Resize
+        }
+        drainSent(settleMs = ATTACH_SETTLE_MS)
+        return grid
+    }
+
+    fun <T> awaitTrueValue(what: String, produce: () -> T?): T {
+        var found: T? = null
+        awaitTrue(what) {
+            found = produce()
+            found != null
+        }
+        return found!!
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        /** The whole terminal viewport for the initial layout; individual tests re-layout as needed. */
+        const val DEFAULT_WIDTH_PX: Int = 600
+        const val DEFAULT_HEIGHT_PX: Int = 800
+
+        private const val DOWN_TIME = 1_000L
+        private const val DRAG_STEPS = 8
+        private const val MAIN_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS = 5_000L
+        private const val WIRE_TIMEOUT_MS = 3_000L
+        private const val AWAIT_TIMEOUT_MS = 5_000L
+        private const val POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 20L
+        private const val SETTLE_MS = 300L
+        private const val ATTACH_SETTLE_MS = 500L
+
+        /**
+         * Build the rig: a [ComponentActivity] (supplied by `ui-test-manifest`), a root frame, the real
+         * [RemoteTerminalView] added to it at [DEFAULT_WIDTH_PX]×[DEFAULT_HEIGHT_PX], and a
+         * [RemoteTerminalSession] attached to it.
+         *
+         * ### Why the view is laid out BEFORE the session attaches
+         * This is the §6.6 config-change rebind order (a laid-out view, a session bound to it) rather than
+         * the cold-start order, and it is chosen for a specific reason: it keeps the attach-time 80×24 →
+         * real-grid reflow *ahead* of the moment the emulator becomes visible to the stock renderer.
+         * `attachView` queues the forced re-assert (from the session setter) before the Bind command, and
+         * the confined consumer is FIFO, so the reallocation completes while no frame can be reading the
+         * buffer. `bindEmulator`'s second re-assert then carries the same dims, which Termux's
+         * `TerminalEmulator.resize` short-circuits, so it reallocates nothing.
+         *
+         * Doing it the other way round — attach first, let the first layout pass fire afterwards — puts
+         * the reflow on the confined writer thread while the renderer is already drawing, which is the
+         * still-unfixed defect [TerminalResizeDrawRaceRegressionTest] documents. That defect is real and
+         * this ordering does not paper over it: it is exercised deliberately by that test and by every
+         * relayout in [TerminalResizeRegressionTest]. Ordering it away here simply stops a `:terminal-view`
+         * defect from killing the process during the *setup* of key, scroll and autofill tests that are
+         * not about resize at all.
+         */
+        fun launch(transcriptRows: Int = RemoteTerminalSession.TRANSCRIPT_ROWS): TerminalTestHarness {
+            val sent = LinkedBlockingQueue<ClientMessage>()
+            val scenario = ActivityScenario.launch(ComponentActivity::class.java)
+            var view: RemoteTerminalView? = null
+            var root: FrameLayout? = null
+            scenario.onActivity { activity ->
+                val terminal = RemoteTerminalView(activity)
+                val frame = FrameLayout(activity)
+                frame.addView(
+                    terminal.terminalView,
+                    FrameLayout.LayoutParams(DEFAULT_WIDTH_PX, DEFAULT_HEIGHT_PX),
+                )
+                activity.setContentView(frame)
+                view = terminal
+                root = frame
+            }
+            InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().waitForIdleSync()
+            val terminal = view!!
+            // Wait for the real layout pass. With no session bound yet, TerminalResizeDriver memoises the
+            // measured grid and pushes nothing (`session?.updateSize` is a no-op) — so nothing has to be
+            // reflowed while a frame is in flight.
+            var laidOut = false
+            val deadline = System.nanoTime() + TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toNanos(AWAIT_TIMEOUT_MS)
+            while (!laidOut && System.nanoTime() < deadline) {
+                val done = CountDownLatch(1)
+                scenario.onActivity { laidOut = terminal.terminalView.width == DEFAULT_WIDTH_PX }
+                done.countDown()
+                if (!laidOut) Thread.sleep(POLL_INTERVAL_MS)
+            }
+            assertTrue("the terminal never laid out at $DEFAULT_WIDTH_PX px wide", laidOut)
+
+            var session: RemoteTerminalSession? = null
+            scenario.onActivity {
+                val remote = RemoteTerminalSession(
+                    engineSend = { message -> sent.put(message) },
+                    transcriptRows = transcriptRows,
+                )
+                remote.attachView(terminal)
+                session = remote
+            }
+            InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().waitForIdleSync()
+            val harness = TerminalTestHarness(scenario, terminal, session!!, root!!, sent)
+            // Focus is a PRECONDITION for the key path, not a convenience: `ViewGroup.dispatchKeyEvent`
+            // only calls `super.dispatchKeyEvent` (hence `onKeyDown`) when the group itself is FOCUSED
+            // and laid out, and it has no focusable children here (`FOCUS_BLOCK_DESCENDANTS`). Production
+            // satisfies this the same way — `dispatchTouchEvent` claims focus on ACTION_DOWN and
+            // `showSoftKeyboard()` calls `requestFocus()` — so an unfocused terminal receiving no hardware
+            // keys is correct framework behaviour, not a defect. Asserting it here keeps a silent focus
+            // regression from turning the key tests into vacuous passes.
+            harness.awaitTrue("the terminal frame to take focus") {
+                harness.onMain { harness.hostView.requestFocus() || harness.hostView.isFocused }
+            }
+            return harness
+        }
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/ui/GateSurfacesUiTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.ui
+
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.assertIsDisplayed
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.junit4.createComposeRule
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.onNodeWithText
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.performClick
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.MediumTest
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Rule
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.GateBanner
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.PlanGateSheet
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermTheme
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.GateState
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.GateDecision
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.GateKind
+
+/**
+ * **Plan §7 Compose UI tests — the gate surfaces.**
+ *
+ * These are the two surfaces a remote approval is made from, so the load-bearing contract is not the layout
+ * (device-QA) but that **each affordance reports the decision it is labelled with, carrying the epoch of the
+ * gate that was on screen**. The epoch is the stale-guard seam: `GateViewModel.decide` drops a tap whose
+ * epoch is no longer live, which is what stops a tap landing on a gate the user never saw. A test that only
+ * checked the copy would let a swapped-callback bug through — approving when the user pressed reject is the
+ * single worst failure this app can have.
+ *
+ * The server-supplied `detail` is also asserted to render, because it must render as INERT text (plan §8) —
+ * untrusted tool/OSC content with no markdown and no autolink.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@MediumTest
+class GateSurfacesUiTest {
+
+    @get:Rule
+    val compose = createComposeRule()
+
+    @Test
+    fun toolGateBanner_reportsApproveWithTheOnScreenEpoch() {
+        val decisions = mutableListOf<Pair<GateDecision, Int>>()
+        compose.setContent {
+            WebTermTheme {
+                GateBanner(gate = toolGate, onDecide = { d, e -> decisions += d to e })
+            }
+        }
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText(DETAIL).assertIsDisplayed()
+        compose.onNodeWithText(APPROVE).performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(listOf(GateDecision.APPROVE to TOOL_EPOCH), decisions)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun toolGateBanner_reportsRejectWithTheOnScreenEpoch() {
+        val decisions = mutableListOf<Pair<GateDecision, Int>>()
+        compose.setContent {
+            WebTermTheme {
+                GateBanner(gate = toolGate, onDecide = { d, e -> decisions += d to e })
+            }
+        }
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText(REJECT).performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(listOf(GateDecision.REJECT to TOOL_EPOCH), decisions)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A previewless gate is a NORMAL state, not an error: the server only sends a preview for a held
+     * Bash/Edit-family tool, and a malformed one decodes to null rather than costing us the gate. So the
+     * banner must still be fully usable with no preview.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun toolGateBanner_withNoPreviewIsStillFullyDecidable() {
+        val decisions = mutableListOf<Pair<GateDecision, Int>>()
+        compose.setContent {
+            WebTermTheme {
+                GateBanner(gate = toolGate.copy(preview = null), onDecide = { d, e -> decisions += d to e })
+            }
+        }
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText(APPROVE).assertIsDisplayed()
+        compose.onNodeWithText(REJECT).performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(listOf(GateDecision.REJECT to TOOL_EPOCH), decisions)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The plan gate is THREE-way, and the third option is the one most easily got wrong: 「继续计划」 keeps
+     * planning, i.e. it wires to `reject`, not to a second kind of approval.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun planGateSheet_offersAllThreeDecisionsWithTheOnScreenEpoch() {
+        val decisions = mutableListOf<Pair<GateDecision, Int>>()
+        compose.setContent {
+            WebTermTheme {
+                PlanGateSheet(gate = planGate, onDecide = { d, e -> decisions += d to e }, onDismiss = {})
+            }
+        }
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText(PLAN_TITLE).assertIsDisplayed()
+        compose.onNodeWithText(PLAN_DETAIL).assertIsDisplayed()
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText(ACCEPT_EDITS).performClick()
+        compose.onNodeWithText(KEEP_PLANNING).performClick()
+        compose.onNodeWithText(APPROVE, useUnmergedTree = false).performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(
+            listOf(
+                GateDecision.ACCEPT_EDITS to PLAN_EPOCH,
+                GateDecision.REJECT to PLAN_EPOCH,
+                GateDecision.APPROVE to PLAN_EPOCH,
+            ),
+            decisions,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dismissing the sheet (scrim tap / back) must resolve NOTHING — the gate stays held until an explicit
+     * decision. Silently treating a dismissal as a reject would cancel a user's work behind their back.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun planGateSheet_dismissalDecidesNothing() {
+        val decisions = mutableListOf<Pair<GateDecision, Int>>()
+        var dismissals = 0
+        compose.setContent {
+            WebTermTheme {
+                PlanGateSheet(
+                    gate = planGate,
+                    onDecide = { d, e -> decisions += d to e },
+                    onDismiss = { dismissals += 1 },
+                )
+            }
+        }
+
+        // The sheet is on screen and no decision has been reported; the dismiss callback is the only other
+        // exit, and it is wired to a handler that resolves nothing.
+        compose.onNodeWithText(PLAN_TITLE).assertIsDisplayed()
+        assertEquals(emptyList<Pair<GateDecision, Int>>(), decisions)
+        assertEquals(0, dismissals)
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        const val TOOL_EPOCH = 7
+        const val PLAN_EPOCH = 11
+        const val DETAIL = "Bash"
+        const val PLAN_DETAIL = "Refactor the auth module into 3 files."
+
+        const val APPROVE = "批准"
+        const val REJECT = "拒绝"
+        const val ACCEPT_EDITS = "批准并自动接受"
+        const val KEEP_PLANNING = "继续计划"
+        const val PLAN_TITLE = "批准执行计划"
+
+        val toolGate = GateState(kind = GateKind.TOOL, detail = DETAIL, epoch = TOOL_EPOCH)
+        val planGate = GateState(kind = GateKind.PLAN, detail = PLAN_DETAIL, epoch = PLAN_EPOCH)
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/ui/KeyBarUiTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.ui
+
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
+import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
+import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.assertIsDisplayed
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.hasSetTextAction
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.junit4.createComposeRule
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.onNodeWithContentDescription
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.onNodeWithText
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.performClick
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.performScrollTo
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.MediumTest
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Rule
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.KeyBar
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermTheme
+
+/**
+ * **Plan §7 Compose UI test — the mobile key-bar, pinned above the IME.**
+ *
+ * The key-bar is how a phone produces the keys Claude Code needs and a soft keyboard cannot: Esc, ⇧Tab,
+ * arrows, Ctrl-chords. Its defining property is that a tap goes **straight to the wire**, bypassing the IME
+ * entirely (mirroring the web client's `ws.send` bypass) — that is what stops the soft keyboard popping up
+ * every time the user dismisses a Claude prompt. So the assertions are on the bytes each button emits, not
+ * on its looks.
+ *
+ * What stays device-QA: that the bar is *visually* above the IME. `WindowInsets.ime` reports zero in an
+ * instrumented test with no keyboard raised, so an assertion about its on-screen position would be
+ * measuring the absence of a keyboard, not the inset behaviour. The union-with-navigation-bars fallback that
+ * makes the bar sit above the nav bar when the keyboard is hidden IS exercised here (the bar renders and is
+ * hittable), and the real above-the-IME check is on the checklist.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@MediumTest
+class KeyBarUiTest {
+
+    @get:Rule
+    val compose = createComposeRule()
+
+    @Test
+    fun escTap_sendsTheEscapeByteDirectly() {
+        val sent = mutableListOf<String>()
+        setUpKeyBar(sent)
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText("Esc").performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(listOf("\u001b"), sent)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun enterTap_sendsCarriageReturnNotLineFeed() {
+        val sent = mutableListOf<String>()
+        setUpKeyBar(sent)
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText("⏎").performClick()
+
+        // The repo-wide gotcha, on the surface a phone user hits most often.
+        assertEquals(listOf("\r"), sent)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun ctrlCTap_sendsTheInterruptControlByte() {
+        val sent = mutableListOf<String>()
+        setUpKeyBar(sent)
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText("^C").performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(listOf("\u0003"), sent)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun shiftTabTap_sendsTheModeCycleSequence() {
+        val sent = mutableListOf<String>()
+        setUpKeyBar(sent)
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText("⇧Tab").performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(listOf("\u001b[Z"), sent)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The bar is horizontally scrollable precisely so every key stays reachable on a narrow phone; the keys
+     * past the fold are the ones a layout regression would silently drop. Reaching one by its
+     * `contentDescription` (which is also its accessibility label) proves it is present and hittable.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun everyKeyIsReachable_includingTheOnesPastTheFold() {
+        val sent = mutableListOf<String>()
+        setUpKeyBar(sent)
+
+        // Off-screen keys must be reached the way a user reaches them — by scrolling the bar. A bare
+        // performClick() on a node outside the viewport fails, which is itself the proof that this key
+        // really does sit past the fold rather than being trivially present.
+        compose.onNodeWithContentDescription(SLASH_DESCRIPTION).performScrollTo().performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(listOf("/"), sent)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun tapsAccumulateInOrder_soTwoFastTapsCannotSwap() {
+        val sent = mutableListOf<String>()
+        setUpKeyBar(sent)
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText("↑").performClick()
+        compose.onNodeWithText("↓").performClick()
+        compose.onNodeWithText("⏎").performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(listOf("\u001b[A", "\u001b[B", "\r"), sent)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A key-bar tap must never route through a text field, or the soft keyboard would open. There is no
+     * public hook to observe "the IME was not asked to open", but there IS an observable proxy: the bar
+     * contains no text-input node at all, so nothing on it can request the IME. Combined with the byte
+     * assertions above (which prove the tap reached the wire), that pins the bypass.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun theBarHoldsNoTextInput_soATapCannotRaiseTheKeyboard() {
+        val sent = mutableListOf<String>()
+        setUpKeyBar(sent)
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText("Esc").assertIsDisplayed()
+        val editableNodes = compose
+            .onAllNodes(hasSetTextAction())
+            .fetchSemanticsNodes(atLeastOneRootRequired = false)
+
+        assertTrue("the key-bar must contain no editable text node", editableNodes.isEmpty())
+    }
+
+    private fun setUpKeyBar(sink: MutableList<String>) {
+        compose.setContent {
+            WebTermTheme {
+                Box(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(), contentAlignment = Alignment.BottomStart) {
+                    KeyBar(onSend = { bytes -> sink += bytes })
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        /** `KEYBAR_LAYOUT`'s accessibility label for the command-launcher key, which sits past the fold. */
+        const val SLASH_DESCRIPTION = "Slash — command launcher"
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/ui/ReconnectBannerUiTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.ui
+
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.assertIsDisplayed
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.hasProgressBarRangeInfo
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.junit4.createComposeRule
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.onNodeWithText
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.performClick
+import androidx.compose.ui.semantics.ProgressBarRangeInfo
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.MediumTest
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Rule
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.BannerModel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.ConnectionState
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.Connection
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.FailureReason
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.ReconnectBanner
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermTheme
+import kotlin.time.Duration.Companion.seconds
+
+/**
+ * **Plan §7 Compose UI test — the reconnect banner, and specifically its precedence rule.**
+ *
+ * The banner is the only place the app tells a walked-away user *why* their session went quiet, so the
+ * failure modes it must not have are: showing a retry spinner for something that can never succeed, and
+ * hiding a terminal state behind a transient one. The reduction itself is JVM-tested; what only a device can
+ * check is that the rendered surface honours it — the spinner really is absent, the affordance really is
+ * present and really fires, and the untrusted exit `reason` really renders inert.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@MediumTest
+class ReconnectBannerUiTest {
+
+    @get:Rule
+    val compose = createComposeRule()
+
+    @Test
+    fun hiddenRendersNothingAtAll() {
+        setUpBanner(BannerModel.Hidden)
+
+        val nodes = compose.onAllNodes(androidx.compose.ui.test.isRoot())
+            .fetchSemanticsNodes(atLeastOneRootRequired = false)
+        // A root always exists; what must not exist is any banner content under it.
+        assertTrue("Hidden must render no banner content", nodes.all { it.children.isEmpty() })
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun reconnectingShowsTheAttemptCountdownAndASpinner() {
+        setUpBanner(BannerModel.Reconnecting(attempt = 3, countdown = 4.seconds))
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText("连接断开，重连中（第 3 次，4 秒后重试）").assertIsDisplayed()
+        assertTrue("a retrying banner must show a spinner", hasSpinner())
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The replay-too-large wall is NON-retryable: reconnecting would hit the same wall forever, so a
+     * spinner here would be a lie that never resolves. The copy has to be actionable and the only way out
+     * is a new session.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun aNonRetryableFailureShowsNoSpinnerAndOffersANewSession() {
+        var newSessions = 0
+        setUpBanner(BannerModel.Failed(FailureReason.REPLAY_TOO_LARGE)) { newSessions += 1 }
+
+        assertTrue("a non-retryable wall must NOT show a retry spinner", !hasSpinner())
+        compose.onNodeWithText("新会话").performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(1, newSessions)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * `exit(-1)` is a spawn failure, and its `reason` is server-supplied, i.e. untrusted — it must render as
+     * inert text inside the banner copy, never as a link or markup (plan §8).
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun aSpawnFailureRendersTheServerReasonInertly() {
+        setUpBanner(BannerModel.Exited(code = -1, reason = UNTRUSTED_REASON))
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText("会话启动失败：$UNTRUSTED_REASON").assertIsDisplayed()
+        assertTrue("a terminal exit must not show a spinner", !hasSpinner())
+        compose.onNodeWithText("开新会话").assertIsDisplayed()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun anOrdinaryExitShowsTheCodeAndTheNewSessionAffordance() {
+        var newSessions = 0
+        setUpBanner(BannerModel.Exited(code = 130, reason = null)) { newSessions += 1 }
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText("会话已结束（退出码 130）").assertIsDisplayed()
+        compose.onNodeWithText("开新会话").performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(1, newSessions)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * **The precedence rule, rendered.** A `connecting` event arriving after the session already exited must
+     * NOT replace the terminal banner with a spinner — otherwise a walked-away user sees "connecting…"
+     * forever and never learns the session is over. The reduction is asserted and then the reduced model is
+     * rendered, so copy and rule are checked as one thing.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun aTerminalBannerIsStickyOverATransientOne() {
+        val exited = BannerModel.Exited(code = 1, reason = null)
+        val afterConnecting = wang.yaojia.webterm.components.bannerModel(
+            current = exited,
+            event = Connection(ConnectionState.Connecting),
+        )
+
+        assertEquals("a transient event must not override a terminal banner", exited, afterConnecting)
+
+        setUpBanner(afterConnecting)
+        compose.onNodeWithText("会话已结束（退出码 1）").assertIsDisplayed()
+        assertTrue(!hasSpinner())
+    }
+
+    private fun hasSpinner(): Boolean = compose
+        .onAllNodes(hasProgressBarRangeInfo(ProgressBarRangeInfo.Indeterminate))
+        .fetchSemanticsNodes(atLeastOneRootRequired = false)
+        .isNotEmpty()
+
+    private fun setUpBanner(model: BannerModel, onNewSession: () -> Unit = {}) {
+        compose.setContent {
+            WebTermTheme { ReconnectBanner(model = model, onNewSession = onNewSession) }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        /** Server-supplied and therefore untrusted; it must appear verbatim and inert. */
+        const val UNTRUSTED_REASON = "spawn /bin/nope ENOENT"
+    }
+}

android/app/src/androidTest/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/ui/SessionListUiTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.ui
+
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.assertIsDisplayed
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.junit4.createComposeRule
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.onNodeWithText
+import androidx.compose.ui.test.performClick
+import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
+import androidx.test.filters.MediumTest
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Rule
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.LiveSessionInfo
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.ContinueLastBanner
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.ContinueLastModel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.SessionListRow
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.continueLastModel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.DisplayStatus
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermTheme
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.SessionRow
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClaudeStatus
+import java.util.UUID
+
+/**
+ * **Plan §7 Compose UI tests — session-list rows and the continue-last banner.**
+ *
+ * Two things only a device can check here. First, that a row renders host-supplied strings **inert**: the
+ * title arrives from an OSC escape the host (or something running on it) chose, so it must be plain
+ * [androidx.compose.material3.Text] with no linkify and no markdown (plan §8). Second, that "shown iff there
+ * is something to show" holds — a `null` model must render literally nothing, because a dead
+ * continue-affordance that navigates nowhere is worse than no affordance.
+ */
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
+@MediumTest
+class SessionListUiTest {
+
+    @get:Rule
+    val compose = createComposeRule()
+
+    @Test
+    fun aRowRendersTheSanitizedTitleAndTheGeometry() {
+        compose.setContent {
+            WebTermTheme { SessionListRow(row = row(title = TITLE), onOpen = {}) }
+        }
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText(TITLE).assertIsDisplayed()
+        // The geometry label uses U+00D7 MULTIPLICATION SIGN, not the letter x.
+        compose.onNodeWithText("161×50", substring = true).assertIsDisplayed()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun tappingARowOpensThatSession() {
+        var opened = 0
+        compose.setContent {
+            WebTermTheme { SessionListRow(row = row(title = TITLE), onOpen = { opened += 1 }) }
+        }
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText(TITLE).performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(1, opened)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A hostile OSC title must appear as characters, not as behaviour. `TitleSanitizer` strips bidi and
+     * zero-width runs upstream (JVM-tested); what this pins is that whatever survives is rendered verbatim
+     * and is not turned into a link by autolinking.
+     */
+    @Test
+    fun anUntrustedLookingTitleIsRenderedAsPlainCharacters() {
+        compose.setContent {
+            WebTermTheme { SessionListRow(row = row(title = URL_LOOKING_TITLE), onOpen = {}) }
+        }
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText(URL_LOOKING_TITLE).assertIsDisplayed()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun continueLastBannerIsAbsentWhenThereIsNoLastSession() {
+        assertEquals("no last session must reduce to no model", null, continueLastModel(null))
+
+        compose.setContent {
+            WebTermTheme { ContinueLastBanner(model = continueLastModel(null), onContinue = {}) }
+        }
+
+        val nodes = compose.onAllNodes(androidx.compose.ui.test.isRoot())
+            .fetchSemanticsNodes(atLeastOneRootRequired = false)
+        assertTrue("a null model must render nothing at all", nodes.all { it.children.isEmpty() })
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun continueLastBannerReOpensTheRememberedSession() {
+        val remembered = mutableListOf<String>()
+        compose.setContent {
+            WebTermTheme {
+                ContinueLastBanner(
+                    model = ContinueLastModel(LAST_SESSION_ID),
+                    onContinue = { remembered += it },
+                )
+            }
+        }
+
+        compose.onNodeWithText("继续上次会话").performClick()
+
+        assertEquals(
+            "the banner must hand back the id it was rendered with, not a re-derived one",
+            listOf(LAST_SESSION_ID),
+            remembered,
+        )
+    }
+
+    private fun row(title: String) = SessionRow(
+        info = LiveSessionInfo(
+            id = UUID.fromString(LAST_SESSION_ID),
+            createdAt = 1_700_000_000_000L,
+            clientCount = 1,
+            status = ClaudeStatus.WORKING,
+            exited = false,
+            cwd = "/Users/dev/project",
+            title = title,
+            cols = 161,
+            rows = 50,
+        ),
+        displayStatus = DisplayStatus.Working,
+        title = title,
+        isUnread = true,
+    )
+
+    private companion object {
+        const val TITLE = "claude"
+        const val URL_LOOKING_TITLE = "https://example.com/not-a-link"
+        const val LAST_SESSION_ID = "a1b2c3d4-5678-4abc-9def-000000000000"
+    }
+}

android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

@@ -12,13 +12,35 @@
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
     <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.any" android:required="false" />
 
+    <!-- Cleartext: @xml/network_security_config is the AUTHORITATIVE policy (minSdk 29, so the
+         platform always reads it and IGNORES android:usesCleartextTraffic). The attribute is set
+         to true only so the manifest does not state the opposite of what actually ships: bare-LAN
+         `ws://` must work (plan §6.9). The config is where the real posture lives — cleartext ON
+         for user-typed LAN addresses (no CIDR syntax exists to scope it), system-only trust
+         anchors, and cleartext still BLOCKED for *.terminal.yaojia.wang. Read its header before
+         changing either value; they must stay in agreement. -->
+    <!-- Backup: OFF, and deliberately not an exclusion list (plan §8 "app-private, uninstall-wiped,
+         never in backups/cloud"). Auto Backup defaults to ON and would sweep up EVERY app-private
+         file: the `webterm` Preferences DataStore (which holds the sealed `webterm_auth` cookie — a
+         full-shell credential the server keeps alive for 30 days) and the Tink keyset/ciphertext pref
+         files. Nothing in this app has restore value that justifies that risk — re-pairing a host is
+         a QR scan, and the hosts are LAN-local anyway.
+         `allowBackup` alone only covers Auto Backup (cloud) / adb backup. Android 12+ DEVICE-TO-DEVICE
+         transfer is governed by a `dataExtractionRules` <device-transfer> block, which needs an @xml
+         resource — @xml/data_extraction_rules now supplies it, and it is deny-everything in BOTH
+         sections rather than an exclusion list, so a store added later is excluded by default instead
+         of leaking until someone remembers it. `fullBackupContent="false"` states the same for the
+         pre-31 path. Do not set any of these back to true. -->
     <application
         android:name=".WebTermApp"
+        android:allowBackup="false"
         android:label="@string/app_name"
+        android:fullBackupContent="false"
+        android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/data_extraction_rules"
         android:supportsRtl="true"
         android:theme="@style/Theme.WebTerm"
         android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"
-        android:usesCleartextTraffic="false">
+        android:usesCleartextTraffic="true">
 
         <activity
             android:name=".MainActivity"

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/components/GateBanner.kt

@@ -16,10 +16,15 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.DisplayStatus
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.Spacing
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.StatusBadge
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermCard
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermColors
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermTheme
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermType
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.GateState
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.GateDecision
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.inertText
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ApprovalPreview
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.GateKind
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.PreviewDiffFile
 
 /**
  * # GateBanner (A22) — the tool-gate two-button approve/reject card.
@@ -44,6 +49,7 @@ public fun GateBanner(
     gate: GateState,
     onDecide: (GateDecision, Int) -> Unit,
     modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
+    preview: ApprovalPreview? = null,
 ) {
     WebTermCard(modifier = modifier.fillMaxWidth()) {
         Column(verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8)) {
@@ -63,6 +69,9 @@ public fun GateBanner(
                     )
                 }
             }
+            // WHAT is being approved sits between the label and the buttons, so the decision and the
+            // evidence are never on different screens. Absent → the name-only bar, unchanged.
+            ApprovalPreviewBlock(preview)
             Row(horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8)) {
                 OutlinedButton(onClick = { onDecide(GateDecision.REJECT, gate.epoch) }) {
                     Text(text = "拒绝")
@@ -75,6 +84,124 @@ public fun GateBanner(
     }
 }
 
+// ── W1: the approval preview (shared by GateBanner and PlanGateSheet) ───────────
+
+/** How many diff/command lines a gate surface paints before it says "truncated". The server already
+ *  caps at 40 lines / 4 KB; this is the on-phone reading limit, so the buttons stay reachable. */
+private const val PREVIEW_MAX_VISIBLE_LINES = 20
+
+/**
+ * W1 — render WHAT a held approval would do: the shell command, or the one-file diff.
+ *
+ * Everything here is **untrusted** (server-derived from the hook's `tool_input`, which Claude and the
+ * repo contents influence) and therefore INERT: plain [Text] only — no Markdown, no autolink, no
+ * `AnnotatedString` link detection (plan §8). A `null` preview renders NOTHING: absent is a normal
+ * state (plan gates and unknown tools have nothing reviewable), never an error.
+ */
+@Composable
+internal fun ApprovalPreviewBlock(preview: ApprovalPreview?, modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
+    if (preview == null) return
+    Column(
+        modifier = modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+        verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.xs2),
+    ) {
+        when (preview) {
+            is ApprovalPreview.Command -> CommandPreview(preview)
+            is ApprovalPreview.Diff -> DiffPreview(preview.file)
+        }
+        if (preview.truncated) {
+            Text(
+                text = GatePreviewCopy.TRUNCATED,
+                style = WebTermType.metaMono,
+                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+            )
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun CommandPreview(preview: ApprovalPreview.Command) {
+    // Newlines are content in a shell command, so the lines are kept and rendered as lines. The
+    // sanitizer drops every other control byte (defence in depth over the server's own stripping).
+    val lines = (preview.inertText() ?: return).lines()
+    for (line in lines.take(PREVIEW_MAX_VISIBLE_LINES)) {
+        Text(
+            text = line,
+            style = WebTermType.monoTabular(12),
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurface,
+        )
+    }
+    if (lines.size > PREVIEW_MAX_VISIBLE_LINES) ClippedNote()
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun DiffPreview(file: PreviewDiffFile) {
+    Text(
+        text = GatePreviewCopy.diffHeader(file),
+        style = WebTermType.metaMono,
+        color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+        maxLines = 1,
+        overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis,
+    )
+    if (file.binary) {
+        Text(text = GatePreviewCopy.BINARY, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant)
+        return
+    }
+    var painted = 0
+    for (hunk in file.hunks) {
+        if (painted >= PREVIEW_MAX_VISIBLE_LINES) break
+        DiffLineText(hunk.header, DIFF_KIND_HUNK)
+        painted++
+        for (line in hunk.lines) {
+            if (painted >= PREVIEW_MAX_VISIBLE_LINES) break
+            DiffLineText(line.text, line.kind)
+            painted++
+        }
+    }
+    val total = file.hunks.sumOf { it.lines.size + 1 }
+    if (total > painted) ClippedNote()
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun DiffLineText(text: String, kind: String) {
+    // An UNKNOWN kind still renders (just uncoloured): dropping a line the client cannot classify
+    // would hide part of what the user is approving.
+    val color = when (kind) {
+        DIFF_KIND_ADDED -> WebTermColors.statusWorking
+        DIFF_KIND_REMOVED -> WebTermColors.statusStuck
+        DIFF_KIND_HUNK, DIFF_KIND_META -> MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant
+        else -> MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurface
+    }
+    Text(text = text, style = WebTermType.monoTabular(12), color = color, maxLines = 1, overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis)
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun ClippedNote() {
+    Text(
+        text = GatePreviewCopy.CLIPPED,
+        style = WebTermType.metaMono,
+        color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+    )
+}
+
+/** Wire `DiffLineKind` values (`src/types.ts`) — raw strings, so an unknown kind stays itself. */
+private const val DIFF_KIND_ADDED = "added"
+private const val DIFF_KIND_REMOVED = "removed"
+private const val DIFF_KIND_HUNK = "hunk"
+private const val DIFF_KIND_META = "meta"
+
+/** Preview copy (local UI text). */
+internal object GatePreviewCopy {
+    const val TRUNCATED: String = "… 服务端已截断"
+    const val CLIPPED: String = "… 仅显示前 $PREVIEW_MAX_VISIBLE_LINES 行"
+    const val BINARY: String = "二进制文件"
+
+    fun diffHeader(file: PreviewDiffFile): String {
+        val path = if (file.oldPath != file.newPath) "${file.oldPath} → ${file.newPath}" else file.newPath
+        return "$path  +${file.added}/-${file.removed}"
+    }
+}
+
 // ── Preview ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 @Preview(name = "GateBanner")
@@ -84,6 +211,7 @@ private fun GateBannerPreview() {
         GateBanner(
             gate = GateState(kind = GateKind.TOOL, detail = "Bash(rm -rf build/)", epoch = 3),
             onDecide = { _, _ -> },
+            preview = ApprovalPreview.Command("rm -rf build/\nnpm run build", truncated = true),
         )
     }
 }

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/components/PlanGateSheet.kt

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.Spacing
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermTheme
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.GateState
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.GateDecision
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ApprovalPreview
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.GateKind
 
 /**
@@ -49,6 +50,7 @@ public fun PlanGateSheet(
     onDecide: (GateDecision, Int) -> Unit,
     onDismiss: () -> Unit,
     modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
+    preview: ApprovalPreview? = null,
 ) {
     val sheetState = rememberModalBottomSheetState(skipPartiallyExpanded = true)
     ModalBottomSheet(onDismissRequest = onDismiss, sheetState = sheetState, modifier = modifier) {
@@ -69,6 +71,9 @@ public fun PlanGateSheet(
                     overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis,
                 )
             }
+            // W1: a plan gate usually has nothing reviewable, but when the server DOES send a preview
+            // (a plan that resolves straight into an Edit/Bash) it belongs above the buttons.
+            ApprovalPreviewBlock(preview)
             Button(
                 onClick = { onDecide(GateDecision.APPROVE, gate.epoch) },
                 modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/components/PointerContextMenu.kt

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalDensity
 import androidx.compose.ui.unit.DpOffset
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.nav.LayoutMode
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.nav.PointerMenuPolicy
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.SessionRow
+import java.util.UUID
 
 /**
  * # PointerContextMenu (A26) — the large-screen right-click / trackpad-secondary menu.
@@ -59,7 +61,12 @@ public fun PointerContextMenu(
     val density = LocalDensity.current
 
     Box(
-        modifier = modifier.pointerInput(actions) {
+        // Keyed on Unit, NOT on [actions]: the gesture body only records the anchor and opens the menu —
+        // it never reads [actions] (the DropdownMenu below reads the current list on every composition).
+        // Keying on the list would restart the pointer handler on every recomposition, because the
+        // per-entry lambdas in a freshly-built List<ContextMenuAction> are never equal to the previous
+        // ones — a right-click landing during that restart window would be dropped.
+        modifier = modifier.pointerInput(Unit) {
             awaitPointerEventScope {
                 while (true) {
                     val event = awaitPointerEvent()
@@ -95,3 +102,41 @@ public fun PointerContextMenu(
 
 /** One entry in the [PointerContextMenu]: an inert label + the callback fired when it is chosen. */
 public data class ContextMenuAction(val label: String, val onClick: () -> Unit)
+
+// ── The session-row action set (A26 — the one surface the pointer menu is attached to) ───────────────
+
+/** 打开会话 — the same target a row tap has. */
+public const val MENU_LABEL_OPEN: String = "打开会话"
+
+/** 在当前目录开新会话 — `attach(null, cwd)` in the row's own cwd (plan §1 new-session-in-cwd). */
+public const val MENU_LABEL_NEW_IN_CWD: String = "在当前目录开新会话"
+
+/** 终止会话 — `DELETE /live-sessions/:id`, the pointer equivalent of swipe-to-kill. */
+public const val MENU_LABEL_KILL: String = "终止会话"
+
+/**
+ * The [PointerContextMenu] entries for one session row — the pure half of the A26 pointer menu (the
+ * gesture and the placement are device-QA; [PointerMenuPolicy] gates whether the menu exists at all).
+ *
+ * Mirrors iOS's pointer menu with ONE deliberate omission: **copy is absent**. Copy-out lives in the
+ * terminal's own text-selection `ActionMode`, not in a list-row menu, and the row has no selected text to
+ * copy — advertising it would be a dead entry.
+ *
+ * The new-session entry appears only when BOTH a usable cwd is known AND a spawn handler is wired: the
+ * server may omit `cwd` (or send blank), and `attach(null, cwd)` with no directory is not the same action.
+ * Every label here is a fixed app string — the server-provided cwd is carried in the CALLBACK only and is
+ * never rendered into a menu entry (plan §8: untrusted server strings stay out of chrome).
+ */
+public fun sessionRowMenuActions(
+    row: SessionRow,
+    onOpen: (UUID) -> Unit,
+    onNewSessionInCwd: ((String) -> Unit)?,
+    onKill: (UUID) -> Unit,
+): List<ContextMenuAction> = buildList {
+    add(ContextMenuAction(MENU_LABEL_OPEN) { onOpen(row.id) })
+    val cwd = row.info.cwd?.takeIf { it.isNotBlank() }
+    if (cwd != null && onNewSessionInCwd != null) {
+        add(ContextMenuAction(MENU_LABEL_NEW_IN_CWD) { onNewSessionInCwd(cwd) })
+    }
+    add(ContextMenuAction(MENU_LABEL_KILL) { onKill(row.id) })
+}

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/components/QueuePanel.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.components
+
+import androidx.compose.foundation.background
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.heightIn
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
+import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.LazyColumn
+import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.itemsIndexed
+import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.RoundedCornerShape
+import androidx.compose.material3.Button
+import androidx.compose.material3.ExperimentalMaterial3Api
+import androidx.compose.material3.HorizontalDivider
+import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme
+import androidx.compose.material3.ModalBottomSheet
+import androidx.compose.material3.OutlinedTextField
+import androidx.compose.material3.Text
+import androidx.compose.material3.TextButton
+import androidx.compose.material3.rememberModalBottomSheetState
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
+import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextOverflow
+import androidx.compose.ui.tooling.preview.Preview
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.Radius
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.Spacing
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermTheme
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermType
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.QueueNotice
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.QueueUiState
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.QueueViewModel
+
+/**
+ * # QueueBadge (W2) — the "N queued" pill.
+ *
+ * Renders NOTHING for a null (unknown / pre-W2 server) or non-positive depth, so a host without the
+ * queue feature shows no affordance at all and an empty queue does not shout "0".
+ *
+ * The number is always the server's own count — the live `queue` frame or `GET /live-sessions`'s
+ * `queueLength` — never a locally incremented guess.
+ */
+@Composable
+public fun QueueBadge(depth: Int?, modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
+    val pending = depth ?: return
+    if (pending <= 0) return
+    Box(
+        modifier = modifier
+            .background(MaterialTheme.colorScheme.secondaryContainer, RoundedCornerShape(Radius.sm8))
+            .padding(horizontal = Spacing.sm8, vertical = Spacing.xs2),
+    ) {
+        Text(
+            text = "$pending 待发",
+            style = WebTermType.metaMono, // tabular numerals so the pill does not jitter as N changes
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSecondaryContainer,
+            maxLines = 1,
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * # QueuePanel (W2) — queue / review / cancel the follow-up prompt FIFO.
+ *
+ * The Android counterpart of `public/queue.ts`: a bottom sheet that queues a prompt the server injects
+ * into the PTY the next time Claude goes idle, lists what is already pending, and offers the ONE cancel
+ * the server actually has — cancel-ALL. There is deliberately no per-item cancel affordance, because
+ * `DELETE /live-sessions/:id/queue` clears the whole FIFO and pretending otherwise would lie.
+ *
+ * ### The composed text is raw keyboard input (invariant #9)
+ * The field's contents go to [onSend] **verbatim** — this file never trims, normalises, or appends a
+ * `\r`. `appendEnter` is a FLAG on the request, so the SERVER materialises the carriage return
+ * byte-identically to a keystroke. The send action is enabled by [QueueViewModel.canSend], which refuses
+ * only a genuinely EMPTY string; whitespace is legitimate shell input.
+ *
+ * ### Untrusted text (plan §8)
+ * Queued items are round-tripped through the server, so they are rendered as INERT [Text] — no linkify,
+ * no Markdown, no `AnnotatedString` autolink — exactly like every other server-derived string. So is the
+ * [QueueNotice.Rejected] message, which is the server's own already-sanitized `error` field.
+ *
+ * Sheet presentation / detents / IME behaviour are device-QA (plan §7); the state machine is
+ * `QueueViewModelTest`.
+ *
+ * @param onSend the composed prompt, verbatim. The panel clears its field only after invoking this.
+ * @param onClearAll `DELETE …/queue` — cancel every pending entry.
+ * @param onRefresh re-read the queue (used when the live depth says the cached list is stale).
+ */
+@OptIn(ExperimentalMaterial3Api::class)
+@Composable
+public fun QueuePanel(
+    state: QueueUiState,
+    onSend: (String) -> Unit,
+    onClearAll: () -> Unit,
+    onDismissNotice: () -> Unit,
+    onDismiss: () -> Unit,
+    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
+    onRefresh: () -> Unit = {},
+) {
+    val sheetState = rememberModalBottomSheetState(skipPartiallyExpanded = true)
+    var draft by remember { mutableStateOf("") }
+
+    ModalBottomSheet(onDismissRequest = onDismiss, sheetState = sheetState, modifier = modifier) {
+        Column(
+            modifier = Modifier
+                .fillMaxWidth()
+                .padding(horizontal = Spacing.lg16, vertical = Spacing.md12),
+            verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8),
+        ) {
+            Row(
+                modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+                verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+                horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8),
+            ) {
+                Text(
+                    text = "排队提示词",
+                    style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleMedium,
+                    modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
+                )
+                QueueBadge(depth = state.depth)
+            }
+            Text(
+                text = "Claude 下次空闲时，服务器会按顺序把它们送进终端。",
+                style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+            )
+
+            state.notice?.let { notice ->
+                QueueNoticeRow(notice = notice, onDismiss = onDismissNotice)
+            }
+
+            OutlinedTextField(
+                value = draft,
+                onValueChange = { draft = it }, // VERBATIM: no trim / normalisation anywhere on this path
+                label = { Text("要排队的提示词") },
+                enabled = !state.isBusy,
+                modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+                minLines = 2,
+                maxLines = 6,
+            )
+            Row(horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8)) {
+                Button(
+                    onClick = {
+                        onSend(draft) // exactly what the user typed
+                        draft = ""
+                    },
+                    enabled = !state.isBusy && QueueViewModel.canSend(draft),
+                ) { Text("加入队列") }
+                TextButton(onClick = onClearAll, enabled = !state.isBusy && state.depth > 0) {
+                    Text("全部取消")
+                }
+            }
+
+            HorizontalDivider()
+            QueuedItems(state = state, onRefresh = onRefresh)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/** The pending prompts, inert. A stale list offers a re-read rather than contradicting the badge. */
+@Composable
+private fun QueuedItems(state: QueueUiState, onRefresh: () -> Unit) {
+    if (state.isItemsStale) {
+        Row(
+            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+            verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+            horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8),
+        ) {
+            Text(
+                text = "队列已变化。",
+                style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+                modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
+            )
+            TextButton(onClick = onRefresh) { Text("刷新") }
+        }
+        return
+    }
+    if (state.items.isEmpty()) {
+        Text(
+            text = "队列是空的。",
+            style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+        )
+        return
+    }
+    LazyColumn(
+        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().heightIn(max = QUEUE_LIST_MAX_HEIGHT),
+        verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.xs4),
+    ) {
+        itemsIndexed(state.items) { index, item ->
+            Row(horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8)) {
+                Text(
+                    text = "${index + 1}.",
+                    style = WebTermType.metaMono,
+                    color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+                )
+                // INERT: round-tripped through the server, so plain Text only (plan §8).
+                Text(
+                    text = item,
+                    style = WebTermType.metaMono,
+                    color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurface,
+                    maxLines = 3,
+                    overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis,
+                    modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
+                )
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * One honest line per failure. A 429 says so plainly and offers NO retry button — the bucket is shared
+ * (20/min/IP), so a retry only burns the budget a real enqueue needs.
+ */
+@Composable
+private fun QueueNoticeRow(notice: QueueNotice, onDismiss: () -> Unit) {
+    Row(
+        modifier = Modifier
+            .fillMaxWidth()
+            .background(MaterialTheme.colorScheme.errorContainer, RoundedCornerShape(Radius.sm8))
+            .padding(Spacing.sm8),
+        verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+        horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8),
+    ) {
+        Text(
+            text = queueNoticeText(notice),
+            style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onErrorContainer,
+            modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
+        )
+        TextButton(onClick = onDismiss) { Text("知道了") }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * App-authored copy for each outcome. [QueueNotice.Rejected] is the ONE case that surfaces a server
+ * string, and it is displayed inertly and verbatim (the server already sanitized it); a null message
+ * falls back to app copy rather than printing "null".
+ */
+internal fun queueNoticeText(notice: QueueNotice): String = when (notice) {
+    QueueNotice.Full -> "队列已满，请先取消一条。"
+    QueueNotice.TooLarge -> "提示词太长了，请缩短后重试。"
+    QueueNotice.Disabled -> "这台主机关闭了排队功能。"
+    QueueNotice.SessionGone -> "会话已退出，无法排队。"
+    // No retry offered: the 20/min bucket is shared with every other client of this host.
+    QueueNotice.RateLimited -> "操作过于频繁（每分钟上限 20 次），请稍后再手动重试。"
+    QueueNotice.Unreachable -> "无法连接主机，队列状态未知。"
+    is QueueNotice.Rejected -> notice.message ?: "主机拒绝了这次操作。"
+}
+
+/** Keeps the sheet's buttons reachable no matter how long the queue gets. */
+private val QUEUE_LIST_MAX_HEIGHT = Spacing.xxl24 * 8 // 192dp
+
+// ── Preview ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@Preview(name = "QueueBadge")
+@Composable
+private fun QueueBadgePreview() {
+    WebTermTheme {
+        Row(horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8), modifier = Modifier.padding(Spacing.md12)) {
+            QueueBadge(depth = 3)
+            QueueBadge(depth = 0) // renders nothing
+            QueueBadge(depth = null) // renders nothing
+        }
+    }
+}

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/components/QuickReply.kt

@@ -2,20 +2,35 @@ package wang.yaojia.webterm.components
 
 import androidx.compose.foundation.horizontalScroll
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.heightIn
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
 import androidx.compose.foundation.rememberScrollState
 import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.RoundedCornerShape
+import androidx.compose.foundation.verticalScroll
+import androidx.compose.material3.AlertDialog
 import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme
+import androidx.compose.material3.OutlinedTextField
 import androidx.compose.material3.Surface
 import androidx.compose.material3.SuggestionChip
 import androidx.compose.material3.SuggestionChipDefaults
 import androidx.compose.material3.Text
+import androidx.compose.material3.TextButton
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextOverflow
 import androidx.compose.ui.tooling.preview.Preview
+import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asStateFlow
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.Radius
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.Spacing
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermTheme
@@ -96,6 +111,241 @@ internal fun sendQuickReply(chip: QuickReplyChip, onSend: (String) -> Unit) {
 internal fun shouldShowQuickReply(gateHeld: Boolean, hasChips: Boolean): Boolean =
     gateHeld && hasChips
 
+// ── The palette presenter (production state holder) ─────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * The state holder the terminal screen renders the chips from: one published, immutable
+ * [chips] snapshot over a [QuickReplyStore].
+ *
+ * Every mutation delegates to the store — which is the CRUD authority and returns the new
+ * list — and republishes exactly what came back, so the UI can never drift from what was
+ * persisted (no optimistic local copy to reconcile, and a guarded no-op like a blank `add`
+ * simply republishes the unchanged list). Nothing is published before [load]: an unloaded
+ * palette shows no chips rather than flashing the defaults over the user's real list.
+ *
+ * Plain (not an `androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel`) so it drives under `runTest` virtual time;
+ * the screen `remember`s one and loads it in a `LaunchedEffect`. Cross-device sync is out of
+ * scope (plan §1) — this is one device's palette.
+ */
+public class QuickReplyPalette(private val store: QuickReplyStore) {
+    private val _chips = MutableStateFlow<List<QuickReplyChip>>(emptyList())
+
+    /** The palette in display order; empty until [load] (and after a user "delete all"). */
+    public val chips: StateFlow<List<QuickReplyChip>> = _chips.asStateFlow()
+
+    /** Read the persisted palette (defaults on first ever read) and publish it. */
+    public suspend fun load() {
+        _chips.value = store.loadAll()
+    }
+
+    /** Append [text] (blank is a store-level no-op) and republish. */
+    public suspend fun add(text: String) {
+        _chips.value = store.add(text)
+    }
+
+    /** Replace the text of [id] and republish (unknown id / blank text → no-op). */
+    public suspend fun edit(id: String, text: String) {
+        _chips.value = store.edit(id, text)
+    }
+
+    /** Remove [id] and republish (unknown id → no-op). */
+    public suspend fun remove(id: String) {
+        _chips.value = store.remove(id)
+    }
+
+    /** Reorder [from]→[to] and republish (out-of-range → no-op). */
+    public suspend fun move(from: Int, to: Int) {
+        _chips.value = store.move(from, to)
+    }
+}
+
+// ── The editor's select / commit reducer (pure, JVM-tested) ─────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * The editor's whole mutable state: ONE text field that either appends a new chip
+ * ([selectedId] null) or rewrites the selected one. Immutable — every transition returns a
+ * fresh snapshot.
+ *
+ * A single field (rather than an inline field per row) is deliberate: a per-row bound field
+ * would write to the store on every keystroke, i.e. one DataStore round-trip per character.
+ */
+internal data class QuickReplyEditorState(
+    /** The chip being rewritten, or null while composing a new one. */
+    val selectedId: String? = null,
+    /** The field's current text, carried VERBATIM into the commit (whitespace preserved). */
+    val draft: String = "",
+)
+
+/** What committing the current [QuickReplyEditorState] does. */
+internal enum class QuickReplyCommit { ADD, EDIT, NONE }
+
+/** Load [chip] into the field for rewriting (its id becomes the commit target). */
+internal fun QuickReplyEditorState.selecting(chip: QuickReplyChip): QuickReplyEditorState =
+    copy(selectedId = chip.id, draft = chip.text)
+
+/** Back to "composing a new chip" with an empty field. */
+internal fun QuickReplyEditorState.cleared(): QuickReplyEditorState =
+    QuickReplyEditorState()
+
+/**
+ * A blank draft commits NOTHING (mirrors the store's blank guard, so the button can be
+ * disabled instead of silently no-op-ing); otherwise ADD when nothing is selected, EDIT when
+ * a chip is.
+ */
+internal fun QuickReplyEditorState.commitKind(): QuickReplyCommit = when {
+    draft.isBlank() -> QuickReplyCommit.NONE
+    selectedId == null -> QuickReplyCommit.ADD
+    else -> QuickReplyCommit.EDIT
+}
+
+// ── The palette editor ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * The editable-palette surface (plan §1 "Quick-reply chips + editable palette"): an
+ * [AlertDialog] over the store's CRUD. One field composes/rewrites; each row can be selected
+ * (tap 编辑), reordered (▲/▼) or deleted (✕).
+ *
+ * The chip texts are the user's OWN strings — never server data — but they are still rendered
+ * as plain inert [Text] (no Markdown/autolink), consistent with §8.
+ *
+ * Layout/scroll behaviour is device-QA (§7); the select/commit decision is the JVM-tested
+ * [QuickReplyEditorState] reducer.
+ *
+ * @param chips the current palette snapshot (from [QuickReplyPalette.chips]).
+ * @param onAdd / [onEdit] / [onRemove] / [onMove] the store-backed CRUD callbacks.
+ * @param onDismiss close the editor.
+ */
+@Composable
+public fun QuickReplyPaletteEditor(
+    chips: List<QuickReplyChip>,
+    onAdd: (String) -> Unit,
+    onEdit: (id: String, text: String) -> Unit,
+    onRemove: (id: String) -> Unit,
+    onMove: (from: Int, to: Int) -> Unit,
+    onDismiss: () -> Unit,
+) {
+    var state by remember { mutableStateOf(QuickReplyEditorState()) }
+    // A chip removed while selected must not leave a dangling edit target pointing at a gone id.
+    // DERIVED, not written back during composition (a composition-time state write is a recomposition
+    // hazard): the field simply falls back to "adding" and keeps whatever was typed.
+    val effective = if (state.selectedId != null && chips.none { it.id == state.selectedId }) {
+        state.copy(selectedId = null)
+    } else {
+        state
+    }
+
+    AlertDialog(
+        onDismissRequest = onDismiss,
+        title = { Text("快捷回复") },
+        text = {
+            Column(
+                modifier = Modifier.heightIn(max = EDITOR_MAX_HEIGHT_DP.dp),
+                verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8),
+            ) {
+                QuickReplyEditorField(
+                    state = effective,
+                    onDraftChange = { state = effective.copy(draft = it) },
+                    onCommit = {
+                        when (effective.commitKind()) {
+                            QuickReplyCommit.ADD -> onAdd(effective.draft)
+                            QuickReplyCommit.EDIT -> onEdit(requireNotNull(effective.selectedId), effective.draft)
+                            QuickReplyCommit.NONE -> Unit
+                        }
+                        state = effective.cleared()
+                    },
+                    onCancelSelection = { state = effective.cleared() },
+                )
+                Column(
+                    modifier = Modifier.verticalScroll(rememberScrollState()),
+                    verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.xs4),
+                ) {
+                    if (chips.isEmpty()) {
+                        Text("还没有快捷回复。", style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall)
+                    }
+                    chips.forEachIndexed { index, chip ->
+                        QuickReplyEditorRow(
+                            chip = chip,
+                            isSelected = chip.id == effective.selectedId,
+                            canMoveUp = index > 0,
+                            canMoveDown = index < chips.lastIndex,
+                            onSelect = { state = effective.selecting(chip) },
+                            onMoveUp = { onMove(index, index - 1) },
+                            onMoveDown = { onMove(index, index + 1) },
+                            onRemove = { onRemove(chip.id) },
+                        )
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        confirmButton = { TextButton(onClick = onDismiss) { Text("完成") } },
+    )
+}
+
+/** The single compose/rewrite field + its commit action. */
+@Composable
+private fun QuickReplyEditorField(
+    state: QuickReplyEditorState,
+    onDraftChange: (String) -> Unit,
+    onCommit: () -> Unit,
+    onCancelSelection: () -> Unit,
+) {
+    OutlinedTextField(
+        value = state.draft,
+        onValueChange = onDraftChange,
+        label = { Text(if (state.selectedId == null) "新增内容" else "修改内容") },
+        singleLine = true,
+        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+    )
+    Row(horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8)) {
+        TextButton(
+            onClick = onCommit,
+            enabled = state.commitKind() != QuickReplyCommit.NONE,
+        ) { Text(if (state.selectedId == null) "添加" else "保存") }
+        if (state.selectedId != null) {
+            TextButton(onClick = onCancelSelection) { Text("取消") }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/** One palette row: the (inert) text plus select / reorder / delete affordances. */
+@Composable
+private fun QuickReplyEditorRow(
+    chip: QuickReplyChip,
+    isSelected: Boolean,
+    canMoveUp: Boolean,
+    canMoveDown: Boolean,
+    onSelect: () -> Unit,
+    onMoveUp: () -> Unit,
+    onMoveDown: () -> Unit,
+    onRemove: () -> Unit,
+) {
+    Row(
+        verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+        horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.xs4),
+        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+    ) {
+        Text(
+            text = chip.text,
+            style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium,
+            color = if (isSelected) {
+                MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary
+            } else {
+                MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurface
+            },
+            maxLines = 1,
+            overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis,
+            modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
+        )
+        TextButton(onClick = onSelect) { Text("编辑") }
+        TextButton(onClick = onMoveUp, enabled = canMoveUp) { Text("▲") }
+        TextButton(onClick = onMoveDown, enabled = canMoveDown) { Text("▼") }
+        TextButton(onClick = onRemove) { Text("✕") }
+    }
+}
+
+/** Cap on the editor body height so a long palette scrolls inside the dialog. */
+private const val EDITOR_MAX_HEIGHT_DP: Int = 320
+
 // ── Preview ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 @Preview(name = "QuickReply (gate held)")
@@ -109,3 +359,18 @@ private fun QuickReplyPreview() {
         )
     }
 }
+
+@Preview(name = "QuickReply palette editor")
+@Composable
+private fun QuickReplyPaletteEditorPreview() {
+    WebTermTheme {
+        QuickReplyPaletteEditor(
+            chips = QuickReplyDefaults.chips,
+            onAdd = {},
+            onEdit = { _, _ -> },
+            onRemove = {},
+            onMove = { _, _ -> },
+            onDismiss = {},
+        )
+    }
+}

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/components/ReconnectBanner.kt

@@ -79,11 +79,16 @@ public sealed interface BannerModel {
 
     /**
      * A NON-retryable terminal failure (e.g. [FailureReason.REPLAY_TOO_LARGE]). Actionable copy, **no
-     * spinner** (reconnecting would hit the same wall forever), and a "新会话" affordance.
+     * spinner** (reconnecting would hit the same wall forever), and — where a fresh session would
+     * actually help — a "新会话" affordance.
+     *
+     * [FailureReason.UNAUTHORIZED] deliberately offers NO new-session action (B5): the server 401'd the
+     * upgrade, so a new session would 401 too; the fix is to re-enter the host's access token (or fix its
+     * `ALLOWED_ORIGINS`), which the copy says.
      */
     public data class Failed(val reason: FailureReason) : BannerModel {
         override val showsSpinner: Boolean get() = false
-        override val offersNewSession: Boolean get() = true
+        override val offersNewSession: Boolean get() = reason != FailureReason.UNAUTHORIZED
     }
 
     /**
@@ -184,6 +189,8 @@ private fun bannerCopy(model: BannerModel): String = when (model) {
     is BannerModel.Failed -> when (model.reason) {
         FailureReason.REPLAY_TOO_LARGE ->
             "回放数据过大，无法自动重连。请降低服务器 SCROLLBACK_BYTES 或提高客户端上限后开新会话。"
+        FailureReason.UNAUTHORIZED ->
+            "服务器拒绝了连接（401）。请在“配对主机”里重新填写访问令牌；若已填写，请检查主机的 ALLOWED_ORIGINS。"
     }
     is BannerModel.Exited ->
         if (model.isSpawnFailure) {

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/components/SessionListRow.kt

@@ -113,6 +113,10 @@ private fun TitleLine(row: SessionRow) {
     ) {
         StatusBadge(status = row.displayStatus)
         if (row.isUnread) UnreadDot()
+        // W2: the pending follow-up depth from `GET /live-sessions`'s `queueLength` (null on a pre-W2
+        // server → renders nothing). The badge is the cold/list source; an ATTACHED session's live depth
+        // comes from the `queue` WS frame instead.
+        QueueBadge(depth = row.info.queueLength)
         Text(
             text = row.title.ifBlank { fallbackLabel(row.info) },
             style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium,
@@ -202,7 +206,12 @@ private fun SessionListRowPreview() {
         Column(verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8), modifier = Modifier.padding(Spacing.md12)) {
             SessionListRow(
                 row = SessionRow(
-                    info = previewInfo(status = ClaudeStatus.WORKING, title = "web-terminal", lastOutputAt = 2L),
+                    info = previewInfo(
+                        status = ClaudeStatus.WORKING,
+                        title = "web-terminal",
+                        lastOutputAt = 2L,
+                        queueLength = 2,
+                    ),
                     displayStatus = DisplayStatus.Working,
                     title = "web-terminal",
                     isUnread = true,
@@ -228,6 +237,7 @@ private fun previewInfo(
     cols: Int = 161,
     rows: Int = 50,
     lastOutputAt: Long? = null,
+    queueLength: Int? = null,
 ): LiveSessionInfo = LiveSessionInfo(
     id = UUID.fromString("11111111-2222-4333-8444-555555555555"),
     createdAt = 1L,
@@ -240,4 +250,5 @@ private fun previewInfo(
     rows = rows,
     telemetry = StatusTelemetry(contextUsedPct = 42.0, costUsd = 0.12, model = "opus", at = 0L),
     lastOutputAt = lastOutputAt,
+    queueLength = queueLength,
 )

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/di/AuthCookieModule.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.di
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.util.Log
+import androidx.datastore.core.DataStore
+import androidx.datastore.preferences.core.Preferences
+import dagger.Module
+import dagger.Provides
+import dagger.hilt.InstallIn
+import dagger.hilt.android.qualifiers.ApplicationContext
+import dagger.hilt.components.SingletonComponent
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.SupervisorJob
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import okhttp3.CookieJar
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.AuthCookieCipher
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.AuthCookieStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.DataStoreAuthCookieStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.InMemoryAuthCookieStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.TinkAuthCookieCipher
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.transport.AuthCookieJar
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.toRecord
+import javax.inject.Singleton
+
+/**
+ * The optional `WEBTERM_TOKEN` gate's client boundary (server `src/http/auth.ts`).
+ *
+ * Three things are wired here, and all three are required for the gate to work at all:
+ *  1. **[AuthCookieJar] on the ONE shared `OkHttpClient`** (via the [CookieJar] binding [NetworkModule]
+ *     consumes). Both transports share that client, so the `webterm_auth` cookie rides every REST call
+ *     AND the WS upgrade (OkHttp's `BridgeInterceptor` runs for WebSocket calls too). Without this the
+ *     client runs on `CookieJar.NO_COOKIES` and a token-gated host 401s everything.
+ *  2. **[AuthCookieStore]** so the credential survives a process restart — encrypted at rest.
+ *  3. **The [AuthCookieCipher] seam** bridging `:host-registry` (which must not depend on Tink) to
+ *     `:client-tls-android`'s [TinkAuthCookieCipher] (which must not depend on `:host-registry`) — the
+ *     same sibling-bridge pattern [NetworkModule] uses for the mTLS `ClientIdentityProvider`.
+ *
+ * ### Fail CLOSED
+ * [DataStoreAuthCookieStore] takes the cipher as a REQUIRED constructor argument precisely so no wiring
+ * can persist plaintext by omission. If a real cipher cannot be constructed, this module binds
+ * [InMemoryAuthCookieStore] instead: memory-only persistence (the user re-authenticates after a restart)
+ * is the correct answer, and writing a full-shell credential in the clear is not an option. A cipher that
+ * constructs but later fails to seal is handled the same way one level down — the store persists NOTHING
+ * and drops any previous blob.
+ *
+ * ### Threading
+ * The graph builds nothing expensive: [TinkAuthCookieCipher] defers all AEAD/keystore work to first use,
+ * and `AppEnvironment.warmUp()` does the first read off `Main`. The persister side must be non-blocking
+ * because OkHttp calls a `CookieJar` synchronously on the call thread, so the durable write is handed to
+ * an app-scoped IO scope.
+ */
+@Module
+@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
+public object AuthCookieModule {
+
+    /**
+     * The durable home of the `webterm_auth` cookie. Shares the ONE Preferences DataStore with the host
+     * list / last-session pointer ([StorageModule]) — disjoint keys (`authCookiesSealed` vs `hosts` /
+     * `lastSessionId.<hostId>`) — but the VALUE here is Tink-AEAD ciphertext, never plaintext.
+     */
+    @Provides
+    @Singleton
+    public fun provideAuthCookieStore(
+        dataStore: DataStore<Preferences>,
+        @ApplicationContext context: Context,
+    ): AuthCookieStore {
+        val cipher = buildAuthCookieCipher(context)
+        if (cipher == null) {
+            // Fail closed: memory-only rather than a plaintext credential at rest.
+            Log.w(TAG, "auth-cookie cipher unavailable — the session cookie will not be persisted")
+            return InMemoryAuthCookieStore()
+        }
+        return DataStoreAuthCookieStore(
+            dataStore = dataStore,
+            cipher = cipher,
+            onCipherFailure = ::reportCipherFailure,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The ONE jar. Its persister hands each host's changed cookie set to [AuthCookieStore] on an
+     * app-scoped IO scope — never blocking OkHttp's call thread on DataStore/Tink I/O. The scope lives for
+     * the process (there is no later moment at which a pending credential write should be abandoned).
+     */
+    @Provides
+    @Singleton
+    public fun provideAuthCookieJar(store: AuthCookieStore): AuthCookieJar {
+        val scope = CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + Dispatchers.IO)
+        return AuthCookieJar(
+            persister = { hostKey, cookies ->
+                scope.launch {
+                    runCatching { store.replaceHost(hostKey, cookies.map { it.toRecord(hostKey) }) }
+                        .onFailure(::reportPersistFailure)
+                }
+            },
+        )
+    }
+
+    /** What [NetworkModule] installs on the shared client — the same instance as [provideAuthCookieJar]. */
+    @Provides
+    @Singleton
+    public fun provideCookieJar(jar: AuthCookieJar): CookieJar = jar
+
+    /**
+     * The 4-line adapter [TinkAuthCookieCipher]'s KDoc prescribes: it matches [AuthCookieCipher]'s shape
+     * exactly but cannot declare it (sibling modules), so `:app` bridges the two.
+     *
+     * Returns null if the cipher cannot even be CONSTRUCTED. Today's implementation defers all keystore
+     * work to first use and so does not throw here; the guard exists because the alternative to "no
+     * cipher" must always be "no persistence", never "plaintext persistence".
+     */
+    private fun buildAuthCookieCipher(context: Context): AuthCookieCipher? =
+        runCatching {
+            val tink = TinkAuthCookieCipher(context)
+            object : AuthCookieCipher {
+                override fun seal(plaintext: String): String = tink.seal(plaintext)
+                override fun open(sealed: String): String = tink.open(sealed)
+            }
+        }.getOrNull()
+
+    /**
+     * A seal/open failure means a credential was dropped instead of stored (or a stored one could not be
+     * read). Reported by TYPE only: neither the plaintext nor the ciphertext may reach a log.
+     */
+    private fun reportCipherFailure(error: Throwable) {
+        Log.w(TAG, "auth-cookie at-rest crypto failed (${error::class.simpleName}) — nothing was persisted")
+    }
+
+    /** A durable-write failure leaves the cookie in memory only; same logging discipline. */
+    private fun reportPersistFailure(error: Throwable) {
+        Log.w(TAG, "auth-cookie persist failed (${error::class.simpleName}) — cookie kept in memory only")
+    }
+
+    private const val TAG: String = "WebTermAuthCookie"
+}

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/di/AuthModule.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.di
+
+import android.content.Context
+import dagger.Module
+import dagger.Provides
+import dagger.hilt.InstallIn
+import dagger.hilt.android.qualifiers.ApplicationContext
+import dagger.hilt.components.SingletonComponent
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.AccessTokenStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.TinkAccessTokenStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AccessTokenSource
+import javax.inject.Singleton
+
+/**
+ * Access-token boundary (B5 / ios-completion §1.1): the ONE per-host access-token store, exposed both as
+ * the mutable [AccessTokenStore] (the pairing screen writes it) and as the read-only
+ * [AccessTokenSource] the transports consume.
+ *
+ * It is its own Hilt module — not part of [StorageModule] — because the token is SECRET material:
+ * [StorageModule]'s DataStore holds only non-secret UI state, while this store is
+ * Tink-AEAD-encrypted under an AndroidKeystore-wrapped master key (the same posture as [TlsModule]'s
+ * cert store, with its own keyset so the two secrets never share a key).
+ *
+ * Both providers resolve to the SAME singleton, so a token stored during pairing is immediately visible
+ * to the WS upgrade and to every REST route — no cache to invalidate. The store is constructor-I/O-free
+ * (Tink/Keystore work is lazy and hops to `Dispatchers.IO` inside), so injecting it on `Main` is cheap.
+ */
+@Module
+@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
+public object AuthModule {
+
+    @Provides
+    @Singleton
+    public fun provideAccessTokenStore(
+        @ApplicationContext context: Context,
+    ): AccessTokenStore = TinkAccessTokenStore(context)
+
+    /** The transports' read seam — the SAME instance the pairing screen wrote to. */
+    @Provides
+    @Singleton
+    public fun provideAccessTokenSource(store: AccessTokenStore): AccessTokenSource = store
+}

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/di/NetworkModule.kt

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import dagger.Provides
 import dagger.hilt.InstallIn
 import dagger.hilt.components.SingletonComponent
 import okhttp3.ConnectionPool
+import okhttp3.CookieJar
 import okhttp3.OkHttpClient
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.transport.ClientIdentity
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.transport.ClientIdentityProvider
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.transport.OkHttpClientFactory
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.transport.OkHttpHttpTransport
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.transport.OkHttpTermTransport
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.IdentityRepository
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AccessTokenSource
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpTransport
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.TermTransport
 import javax.inject.Singleton
@@ -27,6 +29,11 @@ import javax.inject.Singleton
  * re-reading `X509KeyManager` so a mid-run cert rotation is presented on the NEXT handshake with no
  * client rebuild (R4). The provider is read ONCE, when the client is built.
  *
+ * ### The WEBTERM_TOKEN cookie jar
+ * The shared client also carries the ONE [CookieJar] provided by [AuthCookieModule], so the optional
+ * access-token gate applies uniformly to REST and to the WS upgrade. See that module for the at-rest
+ * (Tink AEAD) custody of the cookie.
+ *
  * ### Breaking the construction cycle (A11's frozen constructor)
  * `AndroidIdentityRepository` needs the client for `connectionPool.evictAll()` on rotation, while the
  * client needs the repository's SSL material — a cycle. It is broken with an explicit shared
@@ -53,22 +60,40 @@ public object NetworkModule {
         ClientIdentity(material.sslSocketFactory, material.trustManager)
     }
 
-    /** The single shared client (plan §2 "one OkHttpClient"), pinned to the shared [ConnectionPool]. */
+    /**
+     * The single shared client (plan §2 "one OkHttpClient"), pinned to the shared [ConnectionPool] and
+     * carrying the ONE [CookieJar] ([AuthCookieModule]).
+     *
+     * The cookie jar is what makes the optional `WEBTERM_TOKEN` gate work: a gated host answers pairing
+     * with `Set-Cookie: webterm_auth=…` and then requires that cookie on every remote route AND on the WS
+     * upgrade. Because both transports share this client, installing the jar HERE covers both at once
+     * (OkHttp's `BridgeInterceptor` runs for WebSocket calls). Leaving it at `CookieJar.NO_COOKIES` — as
+     * this provider did before — makes the whole token feature inert.
+     */
     @Provides
     @Singleton
     public fun provideOkHttpClient(
         identityProvider: ClientIdentityProvider,
         connectionPool: ConnectionPool,
+        cookieJar: CookieJar,
     ): OkHttpClient =
-        OkHttpClientFactory.create(identityProvider)
+        OkHttpClientFactory.create(identityProvider, cookieJar)
             .newBuilder()
             .connectionPool(connectionPool)
             .build()
 
-    /** WS transport over the shared client (it derives a streaming-tuned variant sharing the pool). */
+    /**
+     * WS transport over the shared client (it derives a streaming-tuned variant sharing the pool).
+     *
+     * [tokens] ([AuthModule]) is what makes the **WS upgrade** carry `Cookie: webterm_auth=<t>` — the
+     * REST half gets its cookie from `:api-client`'s single stamping point instead (B5 / §1.1).
+     */
     @Provides
     @Singleton
-    public fun provideTermTransport(client: OkHttpClient): TermTransport = OkHttpTermTransport(client)
+    public fun provideTermTransport(
+        client: OkHttpClient,
+        tokens: AccessTokenSource,
+    ): TermTransport = OkHttpTermTransport(client, tokens)
 
     /** REST transport over the SAME shared client (Origin stamped by `:api-client`, never here). */
     @Provides

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/di/PushModule.kt

@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 package wang.yaojia.webterm.di
 
+import com.google.firebase.messaging.FirebaseMessaging
 import dagger.Binds
 import dagger.Module
+import dagger.Provides
 import dagger.hilt.InstallIn
 import dagger.hilt.components.SingletonComponent
+import kotlinx.coroutines.suspendCancellableCoroutine
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.push.PushRegistrar
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.push.PushRegistrarTokenSink
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.push.PushTokenSink
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.HostPushUnregister
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.PushTokenSource
+import javax.inject.Singleton
+import kotlin.coroutines.resume
 
 /**
  * Push boundary (app-assembly): binds the A31 [PushTokenSink] seam that A30 declared with
@@ -13,10 +21,52 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.push.PushTokenSink
  * `Optional<PushTokenSink>` [wang.yaojia.webterm.push.FcmService] injects resolves to `Optional.of(...)`
  * — the FCM `onNewToken` rotation now reaches [PushRegistrar][wang.yaojia.webterm.push.PushRegistrar]
  * (self-heal). This is the intended optional-collaborator handoff (no mutable global).
+ *
+ * It also binds the two seams the HOST-REMOVAL path needs
+ * ([HostPushUnregister] + [PushTokenSource]): `PushRegistrar.unregisterHost` had zero call sites, so a
+ * removed host kept this device's token and kept pushing for a host the user had dropped.
  */
 @Module
 @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
 public interface PushModule {
     @Binds
     public fun bindPushTokenSink(impl: PushRegistrarTokenSink): PushTokenSink
+
+    public companion object {
+        /**
+         * `DELETE /push/fcm-token` for ONE host — the FIRST caller of [PushRegistrar.unregisterHost],
+         * which was defined and never invoked, so a removed host kept this device's token forever.
+         *
+         * Routed through the registrar rather than a fresh `ApiClient` so the removal inherits its
+         * already-tested best-effort discipline (a `CancellationException` rethrown, any other failure
+         * swallowed with the token never logged).
+         */
+        @Provides
+        @Singleton
+        public fun provideHostPushUnregister(
+            registrar: PushRegistrar,
+        ): HostPushUnregister = HostPushUnregister { host, token -> registrar.unregisterHost(host, token) }
+
+        /**
+         * The current FCM registration token. Suspends on Firebase's own `Task` rather than blocking, and
+         * answers `null` for every degraded case (no `google-services.json`, uninitialised `FirebaseApp`,
+         * a failed fetch) so a push-less build still removes hosts cleanly. The token is returned to the
+         * caller and NEVER logged (plan §8).
+         */
+        @Provides
+        @Singleton
+        public fun providePushTokenSource(): PushTokenSource = PushTokenSource {
+            suspendCancellableCoroutine { continuation ->
+                val task = runCatching { FirebaseMessaging.getInstance().token }.getOrNull()
+                if (task == null) {
+                    continuation.resume(null)
+                    return@suspendCancellableCoroutine
+                }
+                task
+                    .addOnSuccessListener { token -> continuation.resume(token?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }) }
+                    .addOnFailureListener { continuation.resume(null) }
+                    .addOnCanceledListener { continuation.resume(null) }
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/di/StorageModule.kt

@@ -12,15 +12,22 @@ import dagger.hilt.android.qualifiers.ApplicationContext
 import dagger.hilt.components.SingletonComponent
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.DataStoreHostStore
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.DataStoreLastSessionStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.DataStoreSessionWatermarkStore
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.HostStore
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.LastSessionStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.SessionWatermarkStore
 import javax.inject.Singleton
 
 /**
  * Persistence boundary (A15 → A12): the non-secret UI state stores over ONE Preferences DataStore.
- * The host list ([HostStore], key `"hosts"`) and per-host last-session id ([LastSessionStore], key
- * `"lastSessionId.<hostId>"`) use disjoint keys, so they safely share one DataStore file. Secret
- * material (the device cert) never lives here — that is the Tink store in [TlsModule].
+ * The host list ([HostStore], key `"hosts"`), the per-host last-session id ([LastSessionStore], key
+ * `"lastSessionId.<hostId>"`) and the unread watermarks ([SessionWatermarkStore], key
+ * `"unreadWatermarks"`) use disjoint keys, so they safely share one DataStore file. Secret material (the
+ * device cert, the `webterm_auth` cookie) never lives here in the clear — those are the Tink-sealed
+ * stores in [TlsModule] / [AuthCookieModule].
+ *
+ * Two `DataStore` instances over one file THROW, so every store here takes the single [provideDataStore]
+ * singleton; a new store means a new KEY, never a new file.
  */
 @Module
 @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
@@ -43,5 +50,16 @@ public object StorageModule {
     public fun provideLastSessionStore(dataStore: DataStore<Preferences>): LastSessionStore =
         DataStoreLastSessionStore(dataStore)
 
+    /**
+     * The durable home of the session-list unread watermarks (`sessionId → last-seen ms`). Until this was
+     * wired the ledger was memory-only, so the unread dot reset on every process death — precisely when
+     * it matters, since the product premise is walking away and coming back.
+     */
+    @Provides
+    @Singleton
+    public fun provideSessionWatermarkStore(
+        dataStore: DataStore<Preferences>,
+    ): SessionWatermarkStore = DataStoreSessionWatermarkStore(dataStore)
+
     private const val DATASTORE_NAME: String = "webterm"
 }

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/di/ThumbnailModule.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.di
+
+import dagger.Module
+import dagger.Provides
+import dagger.hilt.InstallIn
+import dagger.hilt.components.SingletonComponent
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.CanvasThumbnailRasterizer
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.ThumbnailRasterizer
+import javax.inject.Singleton
+
+/**
+ * Session-preview boundary (plan §6.7): binds the off-screen rasterizer the thumbnail pipeline paints
+ * with, so `AppEnvironment.buildThumbnailPipeline(endpoint)` can mint a per-host pipeline and the session
+ * list finally renders real previews instead of placeholder tiles.
+ *
+ * ONE rasterizer for the whole app: its cell metrics are measured once, and it is explicitly safe to
+ * share across the pipeline's concurrent renders (each `rasterize` copies the metrics `Paint` into a
+ * local draw `Paint` — see [CanvasThumbnailRasterizer]).
+ *
+ * Consumers inject it as `dagger.Lazy` (`AppEnvironment`): constructing it measures a `Paint`, which is an
+ * `android.graphics` touch that must not happen while the Hilt graph is assembled (android.graphics is
+ * stubbed under JVM unit tests, and graph assembly happens on `Main`).
+ */
+@Module
+@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
+public object ThumbnailModule {
+
+    @Provides
+    @Singleton
+    public fun provideThumbnailRasterizer(): ThumbnailRasterizer = CanvasThumbnailRasterizer()
+}

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/di/TlsModule.kt

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.IdentityCacheRefresher
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.IdentityRepository
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.TinkCertStore
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.TinkEnrollmentRecordStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpTransport
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.CertificateRotationScheduler
 import javax.inject.Singleton
 
 /**
@@ -78,4 +80,35 @@ public object TlsModule {
     @Singleton
     public fun provideIdentityCacheRefresher(repository: AndroidIdentityRepository): IdentityCacheRefresher =
         repository
+
+    /**
+     * Silent device-certificate rotation (the iOS `CertificateRotationScheduler` counterpart). Android had
+     * NO rotation at all, so a device certificate simply expired and stranded the app; the scheduler also
+     * routes an ALREADY-lapsed leaf to `POST /device/:id/recover`, which iOS cannot do.
+     *
+     * ### This provider must stay I/O-free
+     * The shared `OkHttpClient` and the mTLS [HttpTransport] are taken as [dagger.Lazy] and passed as
+     * SUPPLIERS, so nothing here builds an `SSLSocketFactory` (AndroidKeyStore + Tink reads) while the
+     * Hilt graph is assembled — that assembly happens on `Main`, and a previous review caught exactly
+     * that class of ANR. The scheduler resolves both suppliers inside its own `Dispatchers.IO` hop.
+     *
+     * `plainTransport` is deliberately NOT passed: its default builds a fresh identity-free client, and
+     * that separation is the entire point of the recovery path (no TLS terminator will forward an expired
+     * client certificate, in any `ssl_verify_client` mode).
+     */
+    @Provides
+    @Singleton
+    public fun provideCertificateRotationScheduler(
+        certStore: CertStore,
+        recordStore: EnrollmentRecordStore,
+        cacheRefresher: IdentityCacheRefresher,
+        client: dagger.Lazy<OkHttpClient>,
+        httpTransport: dagger.Lazy<HttpTransport>,
+    ): CertificateRotationScheduler = CertificateRotationScheduler.create(
+        certStore = certStore,
+        recordStore = recordStore,
+        cacheRefresher = cacheRefresher,
+        sharedClient = { client.get() },
+        mtlsTransport = { httpTransport.get() },
+    )
 }

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/nav/Panes.kt

@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@ public fun PairingPane(
                     runCatching { env.identityRepository.hasInstalledIdentity() }.getOrDefault(false)
                 }
             },
+            // B5 · the access-token half: validated with POST /auth, then kept in the Keystore-backed store
+            // the transports read from.
+            tokenStore = env.accessTokenStore,
+            authProber = env.buildAccessTokenProber(),
         )
     }
     LaunchedEffect(viewModel) { viewModel.bind(this) }
@@ -189,7 +193,8 @@ public fun DiffPane(
     }
     val viewModel = remember(resolved, path) {
         DiffViewModel(
-            fetcher = HttpDiffFetcher(resolved.endpoint, env.httpTransport),
+            // The hand-built diff route needs the access-token cookie too (B5 / §1.1).
+            fetcher = HttpDiffFetcher(resolved.endpoint, env.httpTransport, env.accessTokenStore),
             path = path,
             // Guarded git-write flows through :api-client's single Origin-stamping point (plan §Security).
             writer = ApiClientGitWriteGateway(env.apiClientFactory.create(resolved.endpoint)),

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/nav/SessionsHome.kt

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
 import androidx.compose.material3.adaptive.ExperimentalMaterial3AdaptiveApi
 import androidx.compose.material3.adaptive.currentWindowAdaptiveInfo
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.DisposableEffect
+import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
 import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
 import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.produceState
@@ -18,12 +20,16 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
 import androidx.lifecycle.compose.collectAsStateWithLifecycle
 import androidx.navigation.NavHostController
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.ContinueLastBanner
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.SessionThumbnails
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.continueLastModel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.Host
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.screens.AdaptiveHome
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.screens.SessionListScreen
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.ApiClientSessionGateway
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.SessionListViewModel
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.AppEnvironment
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.ThumbnailPipeline
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.sessionThumbnailPipeline
 import java.util.UUID
 
 /**
@@ -39,6 +45,21 @@ import java.util.UUID
  *
  * The [SessionListViewModel] host menu drives its own active-host selection; this pane reads the resolved
  * active host id from its state to build the terminal endpoint / continue-last pointer.
+ *
+ * ### Live preview thumbnails (plan §6.7)
+ * This is the ONE production construction point of the [ThumbnailPipeline]: the active host's endpoint is
+ * resolved to an [ApiClient][wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes.ApiClient] and handed to
+ * [sessionThumbnailPipeline], whose [SessionThumbnails] adapter is threaded into [SessionListScreen] so
+ * every row shows the session's actual screen instead of a placeholder tile. The fetch is the READ-ONLY
+ * `GET /live-sessions/:id/preview` — it never attaches, so merely looking at the chooser cannot inflate a
+ * session's client count or reset its idle clock. The pipeline is pruned to the current row set on every
+ * poll emission (dead sessions release their bitmaps) and closed when this pane leaves the composition.
+ *
+ * ### Pointer context menu (A26)
+ * The resolved [LayoutMode] is passed down so [SessionListScreen] can wrap each row in a
+ * [PointerContextMenu][wang.yaojia.webterm.components.PointerContextMenu]; the gate itself is
+ * [PointerMenuPolicy], evaluated inside that wrapper. The menu's「在当前目录开新会话」routes exactly like
+ * the terminal toolbar's does.
  */
 @Composable
 public fun SessionsHome(
@@ -70,6 +91,40 @@ public fun SessionsHome(
     val openNewSession: () -> Unit = {
         activeHostId?.let { navController.navigate(NavRoutes.terminalNew(it)) }
     }
+    // A26 pointer-menu「在当前目录开新会话」— same `attach(null, cwd)` route the terminal toolbar uses.
+    val openNewSessionInCwd: (String) -> Unit = { cwd ->
+        activeHostId?.let { navController.navigate(newTerminalRoute(it, cwd)) }
+    }
+
+    // ── §6.7 live preview thumbnails, for the ACTIVE host ────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // The VM exposes only host ids, so resolve the endpoint here (the pipeline needs a per-host ApiClient).
+    val activeHost by produceState<Host?>(initialValue = null, key1 = activeHostId) {
+        // Clear FIRST: produceState keeps the previous value across a key change, so without this a host
+        // switch would leave the OLD host's endpoint in place and the pipeline would fetch host A's
+        // session ids against host B until the resolve lands.
+        value = null
+        value = activeHostId?.let { id ->
+            runCatchingCancellable { env.hostStore.loadAll().firstOrNull { it.id == id } }.getOrNull()
+        }
+    }
+    // Constructing the pipeline is cheap and Main-safe: the ApiClient (→ shared OkHttpClient → mTLS
+    // material) resolves lazily on the first fetch, which runs on the pipeline's own dispatcher.
+    val pipeline: ThumbnailPipeline? = remember(activeHost) {
+        activeHost?.let { host -> sessionThumbnailPipeline { env.apiClientFactory.create(host.endpoint) } }
+    }
+    DisposableEffect(pipeline) {
+        onDispose { pipeline?.close() }
+    }
+    val thumbnails: SessionThumbnails? = remember(pipeline) {
+        pipeline?.let { live -> SessionThumbnails { session -> live.thumbnail(session) } }
+    }
+    // Release bitmaps for sessions that are no longer live (killed/exited) and superseded lastOutputAt keys,
+    // so the cache only ever holds screens this list can still show. A render already in flight for a
+    // just-killed session cannot re-insert its bitmap behind this prune (ThumbnailPipeline.retainOnly closes
+    // its publish gate); a bitmap outlives its session only for as long as a row keeps asking for it.
+    LaunchedEffect(pipeline, state.rows) {
+        pipeline?.retainOnly(state.rows.map { it.info })
+    }
 
     AdaptiveHome(
         listPane = {
@@ -89,6 +144,9 @@ public fun SessionsHome(
                         onPairHost = { navController.navigate(NavRoutes.PAIRING) },
                         onEnroll = { navController.navigate(NavRoutes.ENROLL) },
                         onImportCert = { navController.navigate(NavRoutes.CERT) },
+                        thumbnails = thumbnails,
+                        layoutMode = mode,
+                        onNewSessionInCwd = openNewSessionInCwd,
                     )
                 }
             }

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/push/FcmService.kt

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import android.Manifest
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager
 import android.os.Build
 import android.util.Log
-import androidx.annotation.RequiresPermission
 import androidx.core.app.NotificationManagerCompat
 import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
 import com.google.firebase.messaging.FirebaseMessagingService
@@ -56,11 +55,23 @@ public class FcmService : FirebaseMessagingService() {
         if (pushTokenSink.isPresent) pushTokenSink.get().onTokenRefreshed(token)
     }
 
-    @RequiresPermission(Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS)
+    /**
+     * NOT `@RequiresPermission`: [hasNotificationPermission] is only a fast path. The user can revoke
+     * POST_NOTIFICATIONS between that check and this call (a real TOCTOU — a push arrives on a binder
+     * thread while the settings UI is open), and `notify` then throws [SecurityException]. Throwing out
+     * of `onMessageReceived` would crash the FCM service, so the loss is absorbed and logged instead:
+     * a missed notification must never take the push channel down. Declaring the permission as
+     * *required* here would also be a lie — the method tolerates its absence.
+     */
     private fun postNotification(payload: PushPayload, plan: NotificationBuilder.NotificationPlan) {
         val notification = NotificationBuilder.build(this, payload, plan)
         val id = NotificationBuilder.notificationIdFor(payload.sessionId.toString())
-        NotificationManagerCompat.from(this).notify(id, notification)
+        try {
+            NotificationManagerCompat.from(this).notify(id, notification)
+        } catch (e: SecurityException) {
+            // Never log the payload — it carries the session id and the decision token (§8).
+            Log.w(TAG, "POST_NOTIFICATIONS revoked between check and notify; dropping notification", e)
+        }
     }
 
     /** POST_NOTIFICATIONS is a runtime permission on API 33+; below that it is implicitly granted. */

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/screens/ClientCertScreen.kt

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.CertPhase
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.CertSummaryView
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.ClientCertUiState
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.ClientCertViewModel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.RotationOutcome
 
 /**
  * # ClientCertScreen (A27) — device-certificate (mTLS) management.
@@ -78,6 +79,7 @@ public fun ClientCertScreen(
     viewModel: ClientCertViewModel,
     modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
     onBack: (() -> Unit)? = null,
+    rotationOutcome: RotationOutcome? = rememberRotationOutcome(),
 ) {
     val state by viewModel.uiState.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()
     // Bind to the LaunchedEffect scope (cancelled when the screen leaves composition), then load.
@@ -117,9 +119,21 @@ public fun ClientCertScreen(
         onDismissError = viewModel::clearError,
         modifier = modifier,
         onBack = onBack,
+        rotationOutcome = rotationOutcome,
     )
 }
 
+/**
+ * The last silent-rotation outcome, from the app graph. `null` outside a Hilt application (a `@Preview`),
+ * and `null` before the first pass — both render nothing.
+ */
+@Composable
+internal fun rememberRotationOutcome(): RotationOutcome? {
+    val outcomes = rememberAppEnvironment()?.rotationOutcomes() ?: return null
+    val outcome by outcomes.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()
+    return outcome
+}
+
 /** Stateless body — pure inputs so a [Preview] and any host can drive it without the SAF/VM machinery. */
 @Composable
 public fun ClientCertScreen(
@@ -132,6 +146,7 @@ public fun ClientCertScreen(
     onDismissError: () -> Unit,
     modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
     onBack: (() -> Unit)? = null,
+    rotationOutcome: RotationOutcome? = null,
 ) {
     Surface(modifier = modifier.fillMaxSize(), color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.background) {
         Column(
@@ -159,6 +174,10 @@ public fun ClientCertScreen(
 
                     state.error?.let { ErrorCard(error = it, onDismiss = onDismissError) }
 
+                    // Silent rotation is invisible by design; a FAILING one must not be. Only the states
+                    // the user can act on are rendered — a healthy/not-due pass stays quiet.
+                    RotationStatusRow(rotationOutcome)
+
                     PassphraseField(
                         passphrase = passphrase,
                         onPassphraseChange = onPassphraseChange,
@@ -220,6 +239,45 @@ private fun InstalledCertCard(summary: CertSummaryView) {
     }
 }
 
+/**
+ * The last silent-rotation pass, when it is something the user can act on.
+ *
+ * Quiet for the healthy states ([RotationOutcome.NotDue] / [RotationOutcome.Renewed] /
+ * [RotationOutcome.Recovered] / [RotationOutcome.NotEnrolled] / [RotationOutcome.BackingOff]) — a
+ * successful invisible renewal should stay invisible. Loud only for the three the user must know about:
+ * a lapsed certificate past its recovery window, a host that has no control-plane URL recorded, and a
+ * repeatedly failing renewal.
+ *
+ * The failure text is the outcome's error SHAPE (a class name or `Http(status,code)`), which is all the
+ * scheduler retains — deliberately never `Throwable.message`, which can embed a control-plane URL, a
+ * response body or credential material (plan §8).
+ */
+@Composable
+private fun RotationStatusRow(outcome: RotationOutcome?) {
+    val message = rotationStatusText(outcome) ?: return
+    Text(text = message, style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall, color = WebTermColors.statusStuck)
+}
+
+/** App-authored copy for the actionable rotation outcomes; null = say nothing. */
+internal fun rotationStatusText(outcome: RotationOutcome?): String? = when (outcome) {
+    null,
+    RotationOutcome.NotEnrolled,
+    RotationOutcome.Renewed,
+    RotationOutcome.Recovered,
+    is RotationOutcome.NotDue,
+    is RotationOutcome.BackingOff,
+    -> null
+
+    is RotationOutcome.ReEnrollRequired ->
+        "⚠ 设备证书已过期超过可恢复期，自动续期无法完成。请用「自动获取证书」重新登记本机。"
+
+    is RotationOutcome.NotConfigured ->
+        "⚠ 未记录控制面地址，无法自动续期证书。请重新执行一次「自动获取证书」。"
+
+    is RotationOutcome.Failed ->
+        "⚠ 证书自动续期失败（${outcome.stage.name.lowercase()}：${outcome.errorShape}）。当前证书仍然有效。"
+}
+
 @Composable
 private fun SummaryRow(label: String, value: String) {
     Row(

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/screens/PairingScreen.kt

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
 import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.RoundedCornerShape
+import androidx.compose.foundation.text.KeyboardOptions
 import androidx.compose.material3.Button
 import androidx.compose.material3.Card
 import androidx.compose.material3.CardDefaults
@@ -38,6 +39,9 @@ import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
 import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
 import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalContext
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.input.KeyboardType
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.input.PasswordVisualTransformation
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.input.VisualTransformation
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextOverflow
 import androidx.compose.ui.viewinterop.AndroidView
 import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
@@ -50,8 +54,10 @@ import com.google.mlkit.vision.common.InputImage
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.Spacing
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.Host
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.EntryError
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.PairingCopy
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.PairingUiState
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.PairingViewModel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.TokenError
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.WarningTier
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.needsExplicitAck
 
@@ -65,16 +71,26 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.needsExplicitAck
  * requires an explicit acknowledge, and a tunnel host routes to the device-cert screen when the probe is
  * cert-gated. Every displayed URL/host is INERT [Text] (no autolink/markdown, plan §8).
  *
+ * ### Access token (B5 / ios-completion §1.1)
+ * The confirm step carries an OPTIONAL access-token field (masked, with a reveal toggle). The typed token
+ * never enters the ViewModel's UI state — it is passed straight into `confirm()/retry()`, validated by
+ * `POST /auth`, and (only when the server accepts it) stored in the Keystore-backed store. A wrong token /
+ * rate-limit / "this host requires a token" comes back as an inert [TokenError] under the field.
+ *
  * ### Permissions
  *  - **CAMERA** (QR only) is requested at runtime with a rationale; a denial degrades gracefully to
  *    manual entry (the QR path is never mandatory).
  *  - **POST_NOTIFICATIONS** is NOT requested here — push registration owns that prompt (A31); pairing
  *    only establishes the host.
  *
- * All Compose / CameraX / permission behaviour is device-QA (plan §7); the tier/gate logic it drives is
- * JVM-tested in `PairingViewModelTest`.
+ * A host behind the optional `WEBTERM_TOKEN` gate cannot answer the probe at all until it is
+ * authenticated, so the flow has one more step: the masked access-token prompt (see [TokenRequiredStep]).
  *
- * @param viewModel the pairing state machine (nav layer builds it with the real [pairingProber]).
+ * All Compose / CameraX / permission behaviour is device-QA (plan §7); the tier/gate logic it drives is
+ * JVM-tested in `PairingViewModelTest` + `PairingTokenFlowTest`.
+ *
+ * @param viewModel the pairing state machine (the nav layer builds it with the real prober from
+ *   `AppEnvironment.buildPairingProber()`).
  * @param onPaired invoked once with the persisted [Host] after a successful pair.
  * @param onImportCert opens the device-cert screen (A27) when a tunnel host is cert-gated.
  */
@@ -104,7 +120,7 @@ public fun PairingScreen(
             is PairingUiState.Confirming -> ConfirmStep(
                 state = s,
                 onName = viewModel::setName,
-                onConfirm = viewModel::confirm,
+                onConfirm = { ack, token -> viewModel.confirm(acknowledgedPublicRisk = ack, accessToken = token) },
                 onCancel = viewModel::reset,
             )
             is PairingUiState.Probing -> ProbingStep(host = s.name)
@@ -114,6 +130,13 @@ public fun PairingScreen(
                 onRetry = { viewModel.retry() },
                 onCancel = viewModel::reset,
             )
+            is PairingUiState.TokenRequired -> TokenRequiredStep(
+                host = s.name,
+                error = s.error,
+                onSubmit = viewModel::submitAccessToken,
+                onCancel = viewModel::reset,
+            )
+            is PairingUiState.TokenSubmitting -> BusyStep(message = "正在验证访问令牌 …")
             is PairingUiState.Failed -> FailedStep(
                 message = s.message,
                 needsAck = s.tier.needsExplicitAck,
@@ -199,6 +222,9 @@ private fun QrScanner(onScanned: (String) -> Unit) {
     }
 }
 
+// QrCodeAnalyzer is @ExperimentalGetImage (it reads ImageProxy.image to feed ML Kit); constructing it
+// here propagates that requirement to this call site, so the opt-in has to be declared here too.
+@androidx.annotation.OptIn(ExperimentalGetImage::class)
 @Composable
 private fun CameraPreview(onScanned: (String) -> Unit) {
     val context = LocalContext.current
@@ -228,10 +254,16 @@ private fun CameraPreview(onScanned: (String) -> Unit) {
 private fun ConfirmStep(
     state: PairingUiState.Confirming,
     onName: (String) -> Unit,
-    onConfirm: (Boolean) -> Unit,
+    onConfirm: (Boolean, String) -> Unit,
     onCancel: () -> Unit,
 ) {
     var acknowledged by remember(state.endpoint) { mutableStateOf(false) }
+    // The token lives ONLY here (and in the encrypted store once accepted) — never in the ViewModel's
+    // UI state, so it cannot leak through a state snapshot / crash report (§1.1). Keyed on the endpoint
+    // so a token typed for one host is dropped when the candidate changes, but survives a re-render
+    // after a wrong-token error (the field keeps what the user typed).
+    var token by remember(state.endpoint) { mutableStateOf("") }
+    var tokenVisible by remember(state.endpoint) { mutableStateOf(false) }
 
     TierWarningCard(tier = state.tier, highlight = state.awaitingAck && !acknowledged)
     // The dialed URL is validated but user/QR-sourced — render INERT (plan §8).
@@ -249,6 +281,14 @@ private fun ConfirmStep(
         modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
     )
 
+    AccessTokenField(
+        token = token,
+        onToken = { token = it },
+        visible = tokenVisible,
+        onToggleVisible = { tokenVisible = !tokenVisible },
+        error = state.tokenError,
+    )
+
     if (state.tier.needsExplicitAck) {
         Row(verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically) {
             Checkbox(checked = acknowledged, onCheckedChange = { acknowledged = it })
@@ -259,13 +299,58 @@ private fun ConfirmStep(
     Row(horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8)) {
         OutlinedButton(onClick = onCancel, modifier = Modifier.weight(1f)) { Text("取消") }
         Button(
-            onClick = { onConfirm(acknowledged) },
+            onClick = { onConfirm(acknowledged, token) },
             enabled = !state.tier.needsExplicitAck || acknowledged,
             modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
         ) { Text("连接") }
     }
 }
 
+/**
+ * The optional access-token field (B5 / ios-completion §1.1). Masked by default with an explicit
+ * reveal toggle (a token is often typed from another screen and mistypes are the #1 failure), and
+ * `KeyboardType.Password` + `autoCorrectEnabled = false` so the IME never learns or suggests it.
+ * [error] renders the inert, app-authored copy for the typed [TokenError].
+ */
+@Composable
+private fun AccessTokenField(
+    token: String,
+    onToken: (String) -> Unit,
+    visible: Boolean,
+    onToggleVisible: () -> Unit,
+    error: TokenError?,
+) {
+    OutlinedTextField(
+        value = token,
+        onValueChange = onToken,
+        label = { Text("访问令牌（可选，WEBTERM_TOKEN）") },
+        singleLine = true,
+        isError = error != null,
+        visualTransformation = if (visible) VisualTransformation.None else PasswordVisualTransformation(),
+        keyboardOptions = KeyboardOptions(
+            keyboardType = KeyboardType.Password,
+            autoCorrectEnabled = false,
+        ),
+        trailingIcon = {
+            TextButton(onClick = onToggleVisible) { Text(if (visible) "隐藏" else "显示") }
+        },
+        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+    )
+    if (error != null) {
+        Text(
+            text = PairingCopy.describeToken(error),
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.error,
+            style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+        )
+    } else {
+        Text(
+            text = "主机未设置 WEBTERM_TOKEN 时留空即可。",
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+            style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+        )
+    }
+}
+
 @Composable
 private fun TierWarningCard(tier: WarningTier, highlight: Boolean) {
     val (title, body) = tierCopy(tier)
@@ -292,14 +377,82 @@ private fun tierCopy(tier: WarningTier): Pair<String, String> = when (tier) {
 
 @Composable
 private fun ProbingStep(host: String) {
+    BusyStep(message = "正在验证 $host …")
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun BusyStep(message: String) {
     Box(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(), contentAlignment = Alignment.Center) {
         Column(horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally, verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8)) {
             CircularProgressIndicator()
-            Text("正在验证 $host …", style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium)
+            Text(message, style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodyMedium)
         }
     }
 }
 
+// ── Access token (the optional WEBTERM_TOKEN gate) ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * The access-token prompt for a `WEBTERM_TOKEN`-gated host.
+ *
+ * The token is a **shell credential**, so the field is masked ([PasswordVisualTransformation]) and typed
+ * as [KeyboardType.Password] (which also keeps it out of the keyboard's suggestion/learning store), and
+ * the composition drops it the instant it is handed to the ViewModel — nothing here, and nothing in the
+ * resulting UI state, retains it. All copy is app-authored and inert (plan §8).
+ */
+@Composable
+private fun TokenRequiredStep(
+    host: String,
+    error: TokenError?,
+    onSubmit: (String) -> Unit,
+    onCancel: () -> Unit,
+) {
+    var token by remember(host) { mutableStateOf("") }
+
+    Card(
+        colors = CardDefaults.cardColors(containerColor = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.surfaceVariant),
+        shape = RoundedCornerShape(Spacing.md12),
+    ) {
+        Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(Spacing.md12), verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.xs4)) {
+            Text("需要访问令牌", style = MaterialTheme.typography.titleSmall)
+            Text(
+                text = "$host 启用了访问令牌（WEBTERM_TOKEN）。输入令牌后即可继续配对；令牌只用于本次验证，不会显示或记录。",
+                style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+            )
+        }
+    }
+    OutlinedTextField(
+        value = token,
+        onValueChange = { token = it },
+        label = { Text("访问令牌") },
+        singleLine = true,
+        isError = error != null,
+        visualTransformation = PasswordVisualTransformation(),
+        keyboardOptions = KeyboardOptions(keyboardType = KeyboardType.Password),
+        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+    )
+    if (error != null) {
+        Text(
+            text = PairingCopy.describeToken(error),
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.error,
+            style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+        )
+    }
+    Row(horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8)) {
+        OutlinedButton(onClick = onCancel, modifier = Modifier.weight(1f)) { Text("取消") }
+        Button(
+            onClick = {
+                // Hand it over and forget it in the same breath — never leave the credential in state.
+                val submitted = token
+                token = ""
+                onSubmit(submitted)
+            },
+            enabled = token.isNotBlank(),
+            modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
+        ) { Text("提交") }
+    }
+}
+
 @Composable
 private fun CertRequiredStep(
     host: String,

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/screens/ProjectDetailScreen.kt

@@ -37,10 +37,12 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.tooling.preview.Preview
 import androidx.lifecycle.compose.collectAsStateWithLifecycle
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.CommitLogEntry
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.GitLogResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.PrAvailability
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.PrStatus
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.ProjectDetail
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.ProjectSessionRef
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.SyncState
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.WorktreeInfo
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.Spacing
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.Stroke
@@ -48,8 +50,18 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermCard
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermColors
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermTheme
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermType
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.GitChipTone
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.GitPanelCopy
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.ProjectDetailViewModel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.SyncBand
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.boundaryIndex
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.boundaryLabel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.isUnpushed
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.WorktreeRowState
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.WorktreeViewModel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.headerDirtyChip
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.syncBandOf
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.worktreeChips
 import java.net.URI
 
 /**
@@ -74,8 +86,15 @@ public fun ProjectDetailScreen(
     val phase by viewModel.phase.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()
     val prChip by viewModel.prChip.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()
     val recent by viewModel.recentCommits.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()
+    val fetch by viewModel.fetchPhase.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()
+    val worktreeStates by viewModel.worktreeStates.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()
     val scope = rememberCoroutineScope()
-    LaunchedEffect(viewModel) { viewModel.load() }
+    LaunchedEffect(viewModel) {
+        viewModel.load()
+        // w6/G7: probe the other worktrees once per opened project (never per tick) — each row's
+        // failure is isolated, so a bad probe costs one chip, not the panel.
+        viewModel.probeWorktrees()
+    }
 
     Surface(modifier = modifier.fillMaxSize(), color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.background) {
         Column(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize()) {
@@ -91,7 +110,12 @@ public fun ProjectDetailScreen(
                             detail = current.detail,
                             prChip = prChip,
                             recent = recent,
+                            fetch = fetch,
+                            canFetch = viewModel.canFetch,
+                            onFetch = { scope.launch { viewModel.fetchUpstream() } },
+                            onDismissFetchBanner = viewModel::clearFetchBanner,
                             worktree = viewModel.worktree,
+                            worktreeStates = worktreeStates,
                             onOpenClaude = onOpenClaude,
                             onViewDiff = onViewDiff,
                         )
@@ -120,6 +144,11 @@ private fun DetailBody(
     worktree: WorktreeViewModel?,
     onOpenClaude: (String) -> Unit,
     onViewDiff: (String) -> Unit = {},
+    fetch: ProjectDetailViewModel.FetchPhase = ProjectDetailViewModel.FetchPhase.Idle,
+    canFetch: Boolean = false,
+    onFetch: () -> Unit = {},
+    onDismissFetchBanner: () -> Unit = {},
+    worktreeStates: Map<String, WorktreeRowState> = emptyMap(),
 ) {
     Column(
         modifier = Modifier
@@ -139,19 +168,34 @@ private fun DetailBody(
                 modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
             )
             detail.branch?.let { Text(text = it, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant) }
-            if (detail.dirty == true) Text(text = "●", color = WebTermColors.statusWaiting)
+            // w6/G3: a count beats a bare dot — "how many uncommitted" is the question the dot dodged.
+            headerDirtyChip(detail.dirtyCount, detail.dirty)?.let {
+                Text(text = it, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = WebTermColors.statusWaiting)
+            }
         }
         Text(text = detail.path, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant)
 
+        SyncBandCard(
+            // On a detached HEAD there is no branch to show, so the short sha stands in for it; the
+            // current worktree row is where the server reports it.
+            band = syncBandOf(detail.sync, head = detail.worktrees.firstOrNull { it.isCurrent }?.head),
+            fetch = fetch,
+            canFetch = canFetch,
+            onFetch = onFetch,
+            onDismissFetchBanner = onDismissFetchBanner,
+        )
+
         PrChipRow(prChip)
 
         if (detail.isGit && worktree != null) {
-            WorktreeSection(detail = detail, worktree = worktree)
+            WorktreeSection(detail = detail, worktree = worktree, worktreeStates = worktreeStates)
         } else {
-            SectionTitle(if (detail.worktrees.size > 1) "工作树" else "分支")
+            SectionTitle(GitPanelCopy.worktreesTitle(detail.worktrees.size))
             if (!detail.isGit) EmptyLine("不是 git 仓库。")
             else if (detail.worktrees.isEmpty()) EmptyLine(detail.branch?.let { "当前分支 $it" } ?: "无工作树信息。")
-            else for (w in detail.worktrees) WorktreeRow(w, onRemove = null)
+            else for (w in detail.worktrees) {
+                WorktreeRow(w, onRemove = null, state = worktreeStateOf(w, detail, worktreeStates))
+            }
         }
 
         val running = detail.sessions.filter { !it.exited }
@@ -173,6 +217,134 @@ private fun DetailBody(
     }
 }
 
+// ── w6/G3: the sync band ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * The header sync band: upstream · ↑ahead · ↓behind · Fetch. Stacked (not a 4-column row) because a
+ * phone is narrow and the mock's desktop row collapses to a column at this width anyway.
+ *
+ * **The one design rule:** only [SyncBand.isAllClear] paints green. A stale `↓0` carries the
+ * "存疑" chip on the NUMBER (↑ never does — it needs only local refs), and a branch with no upstream
+ * says so in words. Absent facts render nothing at all.
+ */
+@Composable
+private fun SyncBandCard(
+    band: SyncBand?,
+    fetch: ProjectDetailViewModel.FetchPhase,
+    canFetch: Boolean,
+    onFetch: () -> Unit,
+    onDismissFetchBanner: () -> Unit,
+) {
+    if (band == null) return
+    WebTermCard(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) {
+        Column(verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.xs4)) {
+            when (band) {
+                is SyncBand.Detached -> SyncCell(GitPanelCopy.HEAD_CAPTION) {
+                    Text(
+                        text = band.head?.let { "${GitPanelCopy.DETACHED_CHIP} @ $it" } ?: GitPanelCopy.DETACHED_CHIP,
+                        style = WebTermType.metaMono,
+                        color = WebTermColors.statusStuck,
+                    )
+                }
+
+                SyncBand.NoUpstream -> {
+                    SyncCell(GitPanelCopy.UPSTREAM_CAPTION) {
+                        Text(text = GitPanelCopy.NO_UPSTREAM_CHIP, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = WebTermColors.statusStuck)
+                    }
+                    EmptyLine(GitPanelCopy.NO_UPSTREAM_NOTE)
+                }
+
+                is SyncBand.Tracking -> TrackingCells(band)
+            }
+            FetchRow(
+                band = band,
+                fetch = fetch,
+                canFetch = canFetch,
+                onFetch = onFetch,
+                onDismissFetchBanner = onDismissFetchBanner,
+            )
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun TrackingCells(band: SyncBand.Tracking) {
+    SyncCell(GitPanelCopy.UPSTREAM_CAPTION) {
+        // Upstream is a server string (a remote-tracking ref name) → inert text.
+        Text(text = band.upstream, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant)
+    }
+    SyncCell(GitPanelCopy.TO_PUSH_CAPTION) {
+        Text(
+            text = GitPanelCopy.aheadChip(band.ahead),
+            style = WebTermType.metaMono,
+            color = if (band.ahead > 0) MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary else MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+        )
+        if (band.isAllClear) {
+            Text(text = GitPanelCopy.IN_SYNC_CHIP, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = WebTermColors.statusWorking)
+        }
+    }
+    EmptyLine(if (band.ahead == 0) GitPanelCopy.NOTHING_TO_PUSH_NOTE else GitPanelCopy.aheadNote(band.ahead))
+    SyncCell(GitPanelCopy.TO_PULL_CAPTION) {
+        Text(
+            text = GitPanelCopy.behindChip(band.behind),
+            style = WebTermType.metaMono,
+            // Behind is read off a CACHED remote ref: dim the digit itself when it cannot be trusted.
+            color = if (band.isStale) WebTermColors.statusStuck else MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+        )
+        if (band.isStale) {
+            Text(text = GitPanelCopy.STALE_CHIP, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = WebTermColors.statusStuck)
+        }
+    }
+    EmptyLine(
+        when {
+            band.isStale && band.lastFetchMs == null -> GitPanelCopy.NEVER_FETCHED_NOTE
+            band.isStale -> GitPanelCopy.STALE_NOTE
+            band.behind == 0 -> GitPanelCopy.UP_TO_DATE_NOTE
+            else -> GitPanelCopy.WAITING_ON_REMOTE_NOTE
+        },
+    )
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun SyncCell(caption: String, value: @Composable () -> Unit) {
+    Row(verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically, horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8)) {
+        Text(
+            text = caption,
+            style = MaterialTheme.typography.labelSmall,
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+        )
+        value()
+    }
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun FetchRow(
+    band: SyncBand,
+    fetch: ProjectDetailViewModel.FetchPhase,
+    canFetch: Boolean,
+    onFetch: () -> Unit,
+    onDismissFetchBanner: () -> Unit,
+) {
+    val working = fetch == ProjectDetailViewModel.FetchPhase.Working
+    // Fetch only moves remote-tracking refs — never a pull, never a merge. Disabled on a detached
+    // HEAD (nothing to compare) and while one is in flight (a second tap is dropped, not queued).
+    Row(verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically, horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8)) {
+        OutlinedButton(enabled = canFetch && band.canFetch && !working, onClick = onFetch) {
+            Text(GitPanelCopy.FETCH)
+        }
+        when (fetch) {
+            ProjectDetailViewModel.FetchPhase.Idle -> if (!band.canFetch) {
+                EmptyLine(GitPanelCopy.FETCH_DISABLED_DETACHED)
+            }
+            ProjectDetailViewModel.FetchPhase.Working -> EmptyLine(GitPanelCopy.FETCH_WORKING)
+            is ProjectDetailViewModel.FetchPhase.Done ->
+                BannerLine(GitPanelCopy.FETCH_DONE, WebTermColors.statusWorking, onDismissFetchBanner)
+            is ProjectDetailViewModel.FetchPhase.Failed ->
+                BannerLine(fetch.message, WebTermColors.statusStuck, onDismissFetchBanner)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 // ── PR + CI chip (link only when https) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 @Composable
@@ -230,18 +402,30 @@ private fun isHttpsUrl(url: String): Boolean =
 // ── Worktree section (create / remove / prune) ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 @Composable
-private fun WorktreeSection(detail: ProjectDetail, worktree: WorktreeViewModel) {
+private fun WorktreeSection(
+    detail: ProjectDetail,
+    worktree: WorktreeViewModel,
+    worktreeStates: Map<String, WorktreeRowState>,
+) {
     val scope = rememberCoroutineScope()
     val phase by worktree.phase.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()
     var branch by remember { mutableStateOf("") }
     var base by remember { mutableStateOf("") }
     var removeTarget by remember { mutableStateOf<WorktreeInfo?>(null) }
 
-    SectionTitle(if (detail.worktrees.size > 1) "工作树" else "分支")
+    // w6/G5: ALWAYS "Worktrees (n)" — one worktree per session makes the count the point, and a
+    // section that renames itself to "Branch" at n=1 hides the whole model.
+    SectionTitle(GitPanelCopy.worktreesTitle(detail.worktrees.size))
     if (detail.worktrees.isEmpty()) {
         EmptyLine(detail.branch?.let { "当前分支 $it" } ?: "无工作树信息。")
     } else {
-        for (w in detail.worktrees) WorktreeRow(w, onRemove = { if (!w.isMain) removeTarget = w })
+        for (w in detail.worktrees) {
+            WorktreeRow(
+                worktree = w,
+                state = worktreeStateOf(w, detail, worktreeStates),
+                onRemove = { if (!w.isMain) removeTarget = w },
+            )
+        }
     }
 
     // New-worktree inline form.
@@ -337,31 +521,77 @@ private fun RecentCommitsSection(recent: ProjectDetailViewModel.RecentCommits) {
     when (recent) {
         ProjectDetailViewModel.RecentCommits.Hidden -> Unit
         ProjectDetailViewModel.RecentCommits.Loading -> {
-            SectionTitle("最近提交"); EmptyLine("正在读取提交记录…")
+            SectionTitle(GitPanelCopy.RECENT_COMMITS); EmptyLine("正在读取提交记录…")
         }
         ProjectDetailViewModel.RecentCommits.Unavailable -> {
-            SectionTitle("最近提交"); EmptyLine("提交记录不可用。")
+            SectionTitle(GitPanelCopy.RECENT_COMMITS); EmptyLine("提交记录不可用。")
         }
-        is ProjectDetailViewModel.RecentCommits.Loaded -> {
-            SectionTitle("最近提交")
-            if (recent.result.commits.isEmpty()) EmptyLine("暂无提交。")
-            else for (commit in recent.result.commits) CommitRow(commit)
+        is ProjectDetailViewModel.RecentCommits.Loaded -> CommitList(recent.result)
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The commit list with w6/G4's unpushed marking: a marked row carries `↑` and the accent, and the
+ * upstream boundary is drawn EXACTLY ONCE, right after the last marked row — it is the real position
+ * of `origin/<branch>` on this timeline, so it is only drawn when there is an upstream to name.
+ */
+@Composable
+private fun CommitList(log: GitLogResult) {
+    val boundaryLabel = log.boundaryLabel()
+    val boundaryIndex = log.boundaryIndex()
+    Row(verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically, horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8)) {
+        SectionTitle(GitPanelCopy.RECENT_COMMITS)
+        // The count belongs ON the heading: it qualifies "recent commits", it is not its own statement.
+        if (log.unpushedCount > 0 && boundaryLabel != null) {
+            Text(
+                text = GitPanelCopy.unpushedBadge(log.unpushedCount),
+                style = WebTermType.metaMono,
+                color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary,
+            )
         }
     }
+    if (log.commits.isEmpty()) {
+        EmptyLine("暂无提交。")
+        return
+    }
+    log.commits.forEachIndexed { index, commit ->
+        CommitRow(commit)
+        if (index == boundaryIndex && boundaryLabel != null) UpstreamBoundary(boundaryLabel)
+    }
+    if (log.truncated) EmptyLine(GitPanelCopy.truncatedNote(log.commits.size))
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun UpstreamBoundary(upstream: String) {
+    Row(verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically, horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8)) {
+        // Inert: `upstream` is a server-supplied ref name.
+        Text(text = upstream, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant)
+        HorizontalDivider(
+            modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.outline,
+            thickness = Stroke.hairline,
+        )
+    }
 }
 
 @Composable
 private fun CommitRow(commit: CommitLogEntry) {
+    val unpushed = commit.isUnpushed()
     Row(horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8), modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) {
         Text(
-            text = commit.hash.take(7),
+            text = if (unpushed) GitPanelCopy.UNPUSHED_MARK else " ",
+            style = WebTermType.metaMono,
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary,
+        )
+        Text(
+            text = commit.hash.take(SHORT_HASH_LENGTH),
             style = WebTermType.metaMono,
             color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary,
         )
         Text(
             text = commit.subject,
             style = WebTermType.metaMono,
-            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurface,
+            color = if (unpushed) MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurface else MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
             maxLines = 1,
             overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis,
             modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
@@ -369,25 +599,59 @@ private fun CommitRow(commit: CommitLogEntry) {
     }
 }
 
+/** `git log --format=%h` width — the same 7 the rest of the cockpit shows. */
+private const val SHORT_HASH_LENGTH = 7
+
 // ── Rows / helpers (reused from A23) ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
+/**
+ * One worktree row: identity + state chips on top, path underneath (on one line the path and the
+ * chips competed for width and whichever lost got truncated).
+ *
+ * The chips come from [worktreeChips], which deliberately has no green "clean" chip: only a fresh
+ * `↑0 ↓0` earns green, and "no upstream" — the normal state of a fresh worktree branch — is a warning.
+ */
 @Composable
-private fun WorktreeRow(worktree: WorktreeInfo, onRemove: (() -> Unit)?) {
+private fun WorktreeRow(
+    worktree: WorktreeInfo,
+    onRemove: (() -> Unit)?,
+    state: WorktreeRowState? = null,
+) {
     val label = worktree.branch ?: worktree.head?.let { "detached @ $it" } ?: "detached"
     WebTermCard(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) {
         Column(verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.xs4)) {
             Row(horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8), verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically) {
                 Text(text = label, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurface, maxLines = 1, overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis, modifier = Modifier.weight(1f))
-                if (worktree.isMain) Tag("main")
-                if (worktree.isCurrent) Tag("current")
-                if (worktree.locked == true) Tag("locked")
+                for (chip in worktreeChips(worktree, state)) Tag(chip.label, chip.tone)
                 if (onRemove != null && !worktree.isMain) TextButton(onClick = onRemove) { Text("删除") }
             }
             Text(text = worktree.path, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant, maxLines = 1, overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis)
+            if (state != null && state.sessionCount > 0) {
+                Text(
+                    text = GitPanelCopy.sessionCount(state.sessionCount),
+                    style = WebTermType.metaMono,
+                    color = WebTermColors.statusWorking,
+                )
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Per-row git state. The CURRENT worktree's state is the project's own — free, already loaded. Other
+ * rows need the w6/G7 per-worktree probe (`GET /projects/worktree/state`), which this client does not
+ * have a route for yet, so they stay unprobed and show no sync chip rather than a guess.
+ */
+private fun worktreeStateOf(
+    worktree: WorktreeInfo,
+    detail: ProjectDetail,
+    probed: Map<String, WorktreeRowState>,
+): WorktreeRowState? {
+    if (!worktree.isCurrent) return probed[worktree.path]
+    if (detail.sync == null && detail.dirtyCount == null) return null
+    return WorktreeRowState(sync = detail.sync, dirtyCount = detail.dirtyCount)
+}
+
 @Composable
 private fun SessionRow(session: ProjectSessionRef) {
     WebTermCard(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) {
@@ -413,8 +677,15 @@ private fun ClaudeMdBlock(text: String) {
 }
 
 @Composable
-private fun Tag(text: String) {
-    Text(text = text, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary)
+private fun Tag(text: String, tone: GitChipTone = GitChipTone.ACCENT) {
+    val color = when (tone) {
+        GitChipTone.NEUTRAL -> MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant
+        GitChipTone.ACCENT -> MaterialTheme.colorScheme.primary
+        GitChipTone.WARN -> WebTermColors.statusStuck
+        GitChipTone.DIRTY -> WebTermColors.statusWaiting
+        GitChipTone.OK -> WebTermColors.statusWorking
+    }
+    Text(text = text, style = WebTermType.metaMono, color = color)
 }
 
 @Composable
@@ -452,16 +723,27 @@ private fun Centered(content: @Composable () -> Unit) {
     Box(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(), contentAlignment = Alignment.Center) { content() }
 }
 
-@Preview(name = "ProjectDetailScreen — loaded")
+@Preview(name = "ProjectDetailScreen — git panel (stale ↓, 9 to push)")
 @Composable
 private fun ProjectDetailScreenPreview() {
     val detail = ProjectDetail(
         name = "Acme.Web.frontend",
         path = "/home/dev/acme-web",
         isGit = true,
-        branch = "main",
+        branch = "develop",
         dirty = true,
-        worktrees = emptyList(),
+        dirtyCount = 3,
+        // The panel's headline case: 9 to push, and a ↓0 that is 19 days old — so NOT green.
+        sync = SyncState(
+            upstream = "origin/develop",
+            ahead = 9,
+            behind = 0,
+            lastFetchMs = 1L,
+        ),
+        worktrees = listOf(
+            WorktreeInfo(path = "/home/dev/acme-web", branch = "develop", isMain = true, isCurrent = true),
+            WorktreeInfo(path = "/home/dev/acme-web/.claude/worktrees/x", branch = "worktree-x"),
+        ),
         sessions = emptyList(),
         hasClaudeMd = true,
         claudeMd = "# CLAUDE.md\n\nProject instructions…",
@@ -471,13 +753,21 @@ private fun ProjectDetailScreenPreview() {
             detail = detail,
             prChip = ProjectDetailViewModel.PrChip.Loaded(PrStatus(availability = PrAvailability.NO_PR)),
             recent = ProjectDetailViewModel.RecentCommits.Loaded(
-                wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.GitLogResult(
-                    commits = listOf(CommitLogEntry("abc1234", 1, "Initial commit")),
+                GitLogResult(
+                    commits = listOf(
+                        CommitLogEntry("553a00c1", 1, "docs(progress): log the leftover fixes", unpushed = true),
+                        CommitLogEntry("1dbed541", 1, "feat(control-panel): web admin UI"),
+                    ),
                     truncated = false,
+                    upstream = "origin/develop",
                 ),
             ),
             worktree = null,
             onOpenClaude = {},
+            canFetch = true,
+            worktreeStates = mapOf(
+                "/home/dev/acme-web/.claude/worktrees/x" to WorktreeRowState(sync = SyncState(), sessionCount = 1),
+            ),
         )
     }
 }

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/screens/SessionListScreen.kt

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.PaddingValues
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.items
 import androidx.compose.foundation.rememberScrollState
 import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.RoundedCornerShape
 import androidx.compose.foundation.verticalScroll
+import androidx.compose.material3.AlertDialog
 import androidx.compose.material3.Button
 import androidx.compose.material3.DropdownMenu
 import androidx.compose.material3.DropdownMenuItem
@@ -37,20 +39,31 @@ import androidx.compose.runtime.rememberCoroutineScope
 import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
 import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalContext
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextOverflow
 import androidx.lifecycle.Lifecycle
 import androidx.lifecycle.compose.LocalLifecycleOwner
 import androidx.lifecycle.compose.collectAsStateWithLifecycle
 import androidx.lifecycle.repeatOnLifecycle
+import dagger.hilt.EntryPoint
+import dagger.hilt.InstallIn
+import dagger.hilt.android.EntryPointAccessors
+import dagger.hilt.components.SingletonComponent
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.PointerContextMenu
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.SessionListRow
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.SessionThumbnails
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.sessionRowMenuActions
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.Radius
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.Spacing
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.nav.LayoutMode
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.HostOption
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.HostRemovalGateway
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.SessionListUiState
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.SessionListViewModel
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.SessionRow
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.UnreadWatermarkStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.AppEnvironment
 import java.util.UUID
 
 /**
@@ -81,6 +94,20 @@ import java.util.UUID
  * @param onImportCert host-menu **设备证书** → the device-cert screen (A27).
  * @param thumbnails off-screen preview seam; production wires it to the active host's
  *   [ThumbnailPipeline][wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.ThumbnailPipeline] (§6.7). `null` = placeholder tiles.
+ * @param layoutMode the adaptive layout from [wang.yaojia.webterm.nav.LayoutPolicy]; it gates the
+ *   per-row pointer context menu (A26) via
+ *   [PointerMenuPolicy][wang.yaojia.webterm.nav.PointerMenuPolicy] inside [PointerContextMenu]. The
+ *   [LayoutMode.STACK] default means a caller that does not pass it gets today's phone behaviour.
+ * @param onNewSessionInCwd pointer-menu「在当前目录开新会话」→ `attach(null, cwd)` in the row's cwd.
+ *   `null` (the default) drops that entry.
+ * @param watermarkStore the DURABLE unread-watermark home, installed into [viewModel] before its first
+ *   fetch so the dot survives process death. Defaults to the app-graph store
+ *   ([rememberAppEnvironment]); a test/preview passes an
+ *   [InMemoryUnreadWatermarkStore][wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.InMemoryUnreadWatermarkStore].
+ * @param hostRemoval the un-pair path (`HostRemover`), likewise installed into [viewModel]. `null`
+ *   removes the affordance entirely, which is the right behaviour for a surface that cannot un-pair.
+ * @param onForeground fired on every STARTED transition — production runs the silent certificate
+ *   rotation pass here (the app's landing surface is the reliable "we are in the foreground" edge).
  */
 @Composable
 public fun SessionListScreen(
@@ -92,14 +119,28 @@ public fun SessionListScreen(
     onImportCert: () -> Unit,
     modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
     thumbnails: SessionThumbnails? = null,
+    layoutMode: LayoutMode = LayoutMode.STACK,
+    onNewSessionInCwd: ((String) -> Unit)? = null,
+    watermarkStore: UnreadWatermarkStore? = rememberAppEnvironment()?.unreadWatermarkStore,
+    hostRemoval: HostRemovalGateway? = rememberAppEnvironment()?.hostRemoval,
+    onForeground: () -> Unit = rememberCertificateRotationTrigger(),
 ) {
     val state by viewModel.uiState.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()
     val scope = rememberCoroutineScope()
     val lifecycleOwner = LocalLifecycleOwner.current
+    var confirmingRemove by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
 
     // STARTED-scoped poll: fetch→wait→repeat while foregrounded, cancelled on background (plan §6.6).
-    LaunchedEffect(viewModel, lifecycleOwner) {
+    // The app-scoped collaborators are installed FIRST, inside the same effect, so the install is
+    // provably ordered before `poll()`'s first ledger read (a separate LaunchedEffect would only be
+    // ordered by composition order — true today, but not a property worth depending on).
+    LaunchedEffect(viewModel, lifecycleOwner, watermarkStore, hostRemoval) {
+        watermarkStore?.let(viewModel::useWatermarkStore)
+        hostRemoval?.let(viewModel::useRemovalGateway)
         lifecycleOwner.repeatOnLifecycle(Lifecycle.State.STARTED) {
+            // Every foreground return: rotate the device certificate if it is due (idempotent, and
+            // NotDue costs one store read). Fire-and-forget — it must never delay the list.
+            onForeground()
             viewModel.poll()
         }
     }
@@ -114,6 +155,7 @@ public fun SessionListScreen(
                 onPairHost = onPairHost,
                 onEnroll = onEnroll,
                 onImportCert = onImportCert,
+                onRemoveHost = if (hostRemoval != null) ({ confirmingRemove = true }) else null,
             )
         },
     ) { padding ->
@@ -129,8 +171,45 @@ public fun SessionListScreen(
             onNewSession = onNewSession,
             onPairHost = onPairHost,
             thumbnails = thumbnails,
+            layoutMode = layoutMode,
+            onNewSessionInCwd = onNewSessionInCwd,
+            onDismissRemoveError = viewModel::dismissRemoveError,
         )
     }
+
+    if (confirmingRemove) {
+        RemoveHostConfirmDialog(
+            hostName = state.hosts.firstOrNull { it.isActive }?.name.orEmpty(),
+            onConfirm = {
+                confirmingRemove = false
+                scope.launch { viewModel.removeActiveHost() }
+            },
+            onDismiss = { confirmingRemove = false },
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Confirm-gate for un-pairing (plan §8): removal deletes this device's push registration ON the host and
+ * erases the paired record, the last-session pointer, the saved access cookie and the unread watermarks.
+ * It is not destructive to the host's SESSIONS — they keep running — and the copy says exactly that so
+ * the user is not guessing. The device certificate is app-wide and deliberately survives.
+ */
+@Composable
+private fun RemoveHostConfirmDialog(hostName: String, onConfirm: () -> Unit, onDismiss: () -> Unit) {
+    AlertDialog(
+        onDismissRequest = onDismiss,
+        title = { Text("移除主机") },
+        text = {
+            Text(
+                // hostName is user-entered at pairing time; rendered inert like every other stored string.
+                text = "将移除「$hostName」的配对信息、访问凭证与推送注册（该主机不会再向本机推送通知）。" +
+                    "主机上的会话会继续运行；设备证书不会被删除。",
+            )
+        },
+        confirmButton = { TextButton(onClick = onConfirm) { Text("移除") } },
+        dismissButton = { TextButton(onClick = onDismiss) { Text("取消") } },
+    )
 }
 
 // ── Top bar + host menu ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -143,6 +222,7 @@ private fun SessionListTopBar(
     onPairHost: () -> Unit,
     onEnroll: () -> Unit,
     onImportCert: () -> Unit,
+    onRemoveHost: (() -> Unit)?,
 ) {
     var menuOpen by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
     val activeName = state.hosts.firstOrNull { it.isActive }?.name ?: "会话"
@@ -162,13 +242,20 @@ private fun SessionListTopBar(
                     onPairHost = { menuOpen = false; onPairHost() },
                     onEnroll = { menuOpen = false; onEnroll() },
                     onImportCert = { menuOpen = false; onImportCert() },
+                    onRemoveHost = onRemoveHost?.let { remove -> { menuOpen = false; remove() } },
                 )
             }
         },
     )
 }
 
-/** The host menu: paired hosts (✓ on the active one, 🔒 when a device cert is installed) + the actions. */
+/**
+ * The host menu: paired hosts (✓ on the active one, 🔒 when a device cert is installed) + the actions.
+ *
+ * 「移除此主机」acts on the ACTIVE host only — the un-pair has to drop the unread watermarks of that
+ * host's sessions, and those ids are only known for the host currently listed. It is confirm-gated by the
+ * caller, and hidden entirely when no removal path is wired.
+ */
 @Composable
 private fun HostMenu(
     expanded: Boolean,
@@ -178,6 +265,7 @@ private fun HostMenu(
     onPairHost: () -> Unit,
     onEnroll: () -> Unit,
     onImportCert: () -> Unit,
+    onRemoveHost: (() -> Unit)?,
 ) {
     DropdownMenu(expanded = expanded, onDismissRequest = onDismiss) {
         for (host in hosts) {
@@ -193,6 +281,13 @@ private fun HostMenu(
         // 自动获取证书 (zero-.p12 enroll) sits beside 设备证书 (.p12 import) — same host-menu surface as iOS.
         DropdownMenuItem(text = { Text("自动获取证书") }, onClick = onEnroll)
         DropdownMenuItem(text = { Text("设备证书") }, onClick = onImportCert)
+        if (onRemoveHost != null && hosts.any { it.isActive }) {
+            HorizontalDivider()
+            DropdownMenuItem(
+                text = { Text(text = "移除此主机", color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.error) },
+                onClick = onRemoveHost,
+            )
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -208,32 +303,116 @@ private fun SessionListBody(
     onNewSession: () -> Unit,
     onPairHost: () -> Unit,
     thumbnails: SessionThumbnails?,
+    layoutMode: LayoutMode,
+    onNewSessionInCwd: ((String) -> Unit)?,
+    onDismissRemoveError: () -> Unit,
 ) {
     androidx.compose.material3.pulltorefresh.PullToRefreshBox(
         isRefreshing = state.isRefreshing,
         onRefresh = onRefresh,
         modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize().padding(contentPadding),
     ) {
-        when {
-            state.activeHostId == null ->
-                EmptyState(message = "还没有配对主机。", actionLabel = "配对主机", onAction = onPairHost)
-            state.rows.isEmpty() ->
-                EmptyState(
-                    message = if (state.hasLoadError) "无法加载会话列表。下拉重试。" else "该主机没有运行中的会话。",
-                    actionLabel = "开新会话",
-                    onAction = onNewSession,
-                )
-            else -> SessionList(state = state, onOpen = onOpen, onKill = onKill, thumbnails = thumbnails)
+        Column(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize()) {
+            // The un-pair failed and NOTHING was removed (all-or-nothing) — say so above the live list.
+            if (state.hasRemoveError) RemoveErrorBanner(onDismiss = onDismissRemoveError)
+            Box(modifier = Modifier.weight(1f)) {
+                when {
+                    state.activeHostId == null ->
+                        EmptyState(message = "还没有配对主机。", actionLabel = "配对主机", onAction = onPairHost)
+                    state.rows.isEmpty() ->
+                        EmptyState(
+                            message = if (state.hasLoadError) {
+                                "无法加载会话列表。下拉重试。"
+                            } else {
+                                "该主机没有运行中的会话。"
+                            },
+                            actionLabel = "开新会话",
+                            onAction = onNewSession,
+                        )
+                    else -> SessionList(
+                        state = state,
+                        onOpen = onOpen,
+                        onKill = onKill,
+                        thumbnails = thumbnails,
+                        layoutMode = layoutMode,
+                        onNewSessionInCwd = onNewSessionInCwd,
+                    )
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
+/** "nothing was removed" notice — the host is still paired and the action is safe to retry. */
+@Composable
+private fun RemoveErrorBanner(onDismiss: () -> Unit) {
+    Row(
+        modifier = Modifier
+            .fillMaxWidth()
+            .background(MaterialTheme.colorScheme.errorContainer, RoundedCornerShape(Radius.sm8))
+            .padding(Spacing.md12),
+        verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+        horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(Spacing.sm8),
+    ) {
+        Text(
+            text = "移除主机失败，未做任何更改。可以再试一次。",
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onErrorContainer,
+            style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+            modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
+        )
+        TextButton(onClick = onDismiss) { Text("知道了") }
+    }
+}
+
+// ── The Hilt escape hatch for app-scoped collaborators (see TerminalScreen's palette store) ─────────────
+
+/**
+ * The app-scoped [AppEnvironment], resolved from the Hilt `SingletonComponent` — the standard escape
+ * hatch for a Composable, which cannot take constructor injection. Returns `null` outside a Hilt
+ * application (a `@Preview` or a plain-Compose test host), so those surfaces degrade to no durable
+ * watermarks and no un-pair affordance instead of crashing.
+ *
+ * Resolving it is `Main`-safe: every heavy collaborator inside is behind `dagger.Lazy` and the instance
+ * already exists by the time any screen composes (`MainActivity` field-injects it in `onCreate`).
+ */
+@Composable
+internal fun rememberAppEnvironment(): AppEnvironment? {
+    val application = LocalContext.current.applicationContext
+    return remember(application) {
+        runCatching {
+            EntryPointAccessors
+                .fromApplication(application, AppEnvironmentEntryPoint::class.java)
+                .appEnvironment()
+        }.getOrNull()
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The default `onForeground` action: run one silent certificate-rotation pass if due. A no-op outside a
+ * Hilt application. Fire-and-forget by construction — [AppEnvironment.runCertificateRotationIfDue]
+ * launches on its own app-scoped IO scope, so nothing here can delay the session list.
+ */
+@Composable
+internal fun rememberCertificateRotationTrigger(): () -> Unit {
+    val env = rememberAppEnvironment()
+    return remember(env) { { env?.runCertificateRotationIfDue() } }
+}
+
+/** Reads the app-scoped [AppEnvironment] for [rememberAppEnvironment]. */
+@EntryPoint
+@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
+internal interface AppEnvironmentEntryPoint {
+    public fun appEnvironment(): AppEnvironment
+}
+
 @Composable
 private fun SessionList(
     state: SessionListUiState,
     onOpen: (UUID) -> Unit,
     onKill: (UUID) -> Unit,
     thumbnails: SessionThumbnails?,
+    layoutMode: LayoutMode,
+    onNewSessionInCwd: ((String) -> Unit)?,
 ) {
     LazyColumn(
         modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize(),
@@ -244,7 +423,14 @@ private fun SessionList(
             item(key = "load-error") { LoadErrorBanner() }
         }
         items(items = state.rows, key = { it.id.toString() }) { row ->
-            SwipeToKillRow(row = row, onOpen = onOpen, onKill = onKill, thumbnails = thumbnails)
+            SwipeToKillRow(
+                row = row,
+                onOpen = onOpen,
+                onKill = onKill,
+                thumbnails = thumbnails,
+                layoutMode = layoutMode,
+                onNewSessionInCwd = onNewSessionInCwd,
+            )
         }
     }
 }
@@ -253,6 +439,11 @@ private fun SessionList(
  * One row wrapped in a trailing (end→start) [SwipeToDismissBox]. Swiping left confirms the kill, which the
  * ViewModel handles optimistically (the row leaves the list on the next [state] emission). A start→end
  * swipe is disabled so a left-handed drag can't accidentally kill.
+ *
+ * On a large screen the row is ALSO wrapped in [PointerContextMenu] (A26), giving mouse/trackpad users the
+ * same three actions without a swipe: 打开会话 / 在当前目录开新会话 / 终止会话. The wrapper is a transparent
+ * pass-through whenever [PointerMenuPolicy][wang.yaojia.webterm.nav.PointerMenuPolicy] says no, so the
+ * phone path is byte-for-byte unchanged.
  */
 @Composable
 private fun SwipeToKillRow(
@@ -260,6 +451,8 @@ private fun SwipeToKillRow(
     onOpen: (UUID) -> Unit,
     onKill: (UUID) -> Unit,
     thumbnails: SessionThumbnails?,
+    layoutMode: LayoutMode,
+    onNewSessionInCwd: ((String) -> Unit)?,
 ) {
     val dismissState = rememberSwipeToDismissBoxState(
         confirmValueChange = { value ->
@@ -276,7 +469,17 @@ private fun SwipeToKillRow(
         enableDismissFromStartToEnd = false,
         backgroundContent = { KillBackground() },
     ) {
-        SessionListRow(row = row, onOpen = { onOpen(row.id) }, thumbnails = thumbnails)
+        PointerContextMenu(
+            mode = layoutMode,
+            actions = sessionRowMenuActions(
+                row = row,
+                onOpen = onOpen,
+                onNewSessionInCwd = onNewSessionInCwd,
+                onKill = onKill,
+            ),
+        ) {
+            SessionListRow(row = row, onOpen = { onOpen(row.id) }, thumbnails = thumbnails)
+        }
     }
 }
 

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/screens/TerminalScreen.kt

@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ package wang.yaojia.webterm.screens
 import android.app.Activity
 import android.content.Context
 import android.content.ContextWrapper
-import android.view.View
 import android.view.WindowManager
+import androidx.datastore.core.DataStore
+import androidx.datastore.preferences.core.Preferences
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableIntStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.produceState
 import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.rememberCoroutineScope
 import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
 import androidx.compose.runtime.snapshotFlow
 import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
@@ -39,23 +41,45 @@ import androidx.lifecycle.Lifecycle
 import androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleEventObserver
 import androidx.lifecycle.compose.LocalLifecycleOwner
 import androidx.lifecycle.compose.collectAsStateWithLifecycle
+import dagger.hilt.EntryPoint
+import dagger.hilt.InstallIn
+import dagger.hilt.android.EntryPointAccessors
+import dagger.hilt.components.SingletonComponent
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CancellationException
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
 import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.AwayDigestView
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.BannerModel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.DataStoreQuickReplyStore
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.GateBanner
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.HardwareKeyRouter
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.KeyBar
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.PlanGateSheet
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.QueueBadge
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.QueuePanel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.QuickReply
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.QuickReplyPalette
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.QuickReplyPaletteEditor
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.QuickReplyStore
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.ReconnectBanner
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.TelemetryChips
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.LocalReduceMotion
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.Spacing
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.WebTermColors
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.terminalview.RemoteTerminalView
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.terminalview.TerminalCopyResult
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.QueueGateway
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.QueueUiState
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.QueueViewModel
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.GateKind
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.RetainedSessionHolder
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.TerminalSessionControllerImpl
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.UiConfigGate
+import java.util.UUID
 
 /**
  * The arguments to open a NEW session — the pure output of the "new session in current cwd" decision.
@@ -80,10 +104,11 @@ public object NewSessionInCwd {
  *
  * Hosts the forked Termux emulator ([RemoteTerminalView]) via an [AndroidView] and wires it to the
  * holder-owned [TerminalSessionControllerImpl]. Structure top→bottom: a toolbar (sanitized title +
- * "在当前目录开新会话"), the [ReconnectBanner], the away-digest ([AwayDigestView]) + telemetry chips
- * ([TelemetryChips]), the tool-gate card ([GateBanner]) above the terminal surface (with the privacy
- * cover), the [KeyBar] pinned above the IME, and — for plan gates — the [PlanGateSheet]
- * `ModalBottomSheet` overlay. Every server-derived string is rendered INERT by its component (§8).
+ * 「快捷回复」editor + "在当前目录开新会话"), the [ReconnectBanner], the away-digest ([AwayDigestView]) +
+ * telemetry chips ([TelemetryChips]), the tool-gate card ([GateBanner]) above the terminal surface (with
+ * the privacy cover), the [QuickReply] chip row (A25 — floats only while a gate is held), the [KeyBar]
+ * pinned above the IME, and — for plan gates — the [PlanGateSheet] `ModalBottomSheet` overlay. Every
+ * server-derived string is rendered INERT by its component (§8).
  *
  * The Compose / AndroidView / lifecycle / privacy-shade / haptic behaviour here is DEVICE-QA (plan §7);
  * the banner reduction, gate stale-guard and new-session-in-cwd routing are the JVM-tested cores.
@@ -106,8 +131,16 @@ public object NewSessionInCwd {
  *    cycle rebuilds a fresh emulator (ring replay), while a rotation re-binds the survivor.
  *    `holder.onStop(isChangingConfigurations)` drives that split.
  *  - `FLAG_SECURE` + a cover Composable on `ON_STOP` keep terminal bytes out of the recents snapshot (§8).
- *  - Latest-writer-wins resize: `ON_RESUME` and window-focus re-send the remembered dims via
- *    `notifyForegrounded` so the active device reclaims full-screen (plan §6.4).
+ *
+ * ### Latest-writer-wins resize (plan §6.4) — who pushes what
+ * The grid itself is measured and pushed by `:terminal-view` (`RemoteTerminalHostView.onSizeChanged` →
+ * `TerminalResizeDriver` → `RemoteTerminalSession.updateSize` → `Resize` on the wire), so this screen does
+ * NOT compute cols×rows and must not re-assert a size the view just pushed. What the view cannot see is
+ * "this device became the active one again": `ON_RESUME` and a window-focus GAIN therefore call
+ * `notifyForegrounded`, which re-sends the engine's remembered dims unconditionally (no dedup) and so wins
+ * the shared PTY size back from whichever device wrote last. The size-changed outlet is only forwarded
+ * while the session is NOT connected, where the same call is the connect-now nudge — see
+ * [TerminalReclaimPolicy] for the decision table (JVM-tested).
  *
  * @param holder the nav-scoped, config-surviving session holder (`hiltViewModel()` at the destination).
  * @param onNewSessionInCwd nav callback that opens a new session for the produced [NewSessionRequest].
@@ -116,6 +149,14 @@ public object NewSessionInCwd {
  *   the current session (default no-op keeps the screen usable standalone). This only WIRES the existing
  *   [AwayDigestView.onExpand][wang.yaojia.webterm.components.AwayDigestView] callback outward; no internal
  *   logic changes.
+ * @param quickReplyStore the A25 palette store. Defaults to the app-graph one
+ *   ([rememberAppQuickReplyStore] — the SAME `DataStore<Preferences>` singleton every other store uses, so
+ *   the palette really persists); a test/preview passes an
+ *   [InMemoryQuickReplyStore][wang.yaojia.webterm.components.InMemoryQuickReplyStore].
+ * @param queueGateway the W2 follow-up-queue seam for this host. `null` hides the queue affordance
+ *   entirely (a surface with no way to reach the host cannot queue).
+ * @param uiConfigGate the host's `GET /config/ui` policy. `null` leaves `allowAutoMode` at its
+ *   fail-closed `false`, so "approve + auto-accept" is never offered on an unknown host.
  */
 @Composable
 public fun TerminalScreen(
@@ -127,6 +168,9 @@ public fun TerminalScreen(
     modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
     onWarmUp: suspend () -> Unit = {},
     onDigestExpand: () -> Unit = {},
+    quickReplyStore: QuickReplyStore = rememberAppQuickReplyStore(),
+    queueGateway: QueueGateway? = rememberAppQueueGateway(endpoint),
+    uiConfigGate: UiConfigGate? = rememberAppEnvironment()?.uiConfigGate,
 ) {
     val context = LocalContext.current
     val activity = remember(context) { context.findActivity() }
@@ -192,13 +236,15 @@ public fun TerminalScreen(
     val lifecycleOwner = LocalLifecycleOwner.current
     DisposableEffect(lifecycleOwner, activity, controller) {
         val observer = LifecycleEventObserver { _, event ->
-            when (event) {
-                Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP -> {
+            when {
+                event == Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP -> {
                     covered = true
                     holder.onStop(activity?.isChangingConfigurations == true)
                 }
-                Lifecycle.Event.ON_START -> covered = false
-                Lifecycle.Event.ON_RESUME -> controller.notifyForegrounded(null, null)
+                event == Lifecycle.Event.ON_START -> covered = false
+                // §6.4 reclaim: the engine re-sends its remembered dims with NO dedup, so the returning
+                // device takes the shared PTY size back even though nothing about it changed.
+                TerminalReclaimPolicy.reclaimsOnLifecycle(event) -> controller.notifyForegrounded(null, null)
                 else -> Unit
             }
         }
@@ -210,10 +256,47 @@ public fun TerminalScreen(
     val windowInfo = LocalWindowInfo.current
     LaunchedEffect(windowInfo, controller) {
         snapshotFlow { windowInfo.isWindowFocused }.collect { focused ->
-            if (focused) controller.notifyForegrounded(null, null)
+            if (TerminalReclaimPolicy.reclaimsOnWindowFocus(focused)) controller.notifyForegrounded(null, null)
         }
     }
 
+    // `GET /config/ui` → may this host be put into auto-accept-edits? Fetched once per host and pushed
+    // into the gate presenter, which drops an ACCEPT_EDITS decision while it is false. FAIL CLOSED: a
+    // failed/absent fetch never calls this, so the presenter keeps its `false` default and the sheet's
+    // third affordance is not offered at all (see the plan-gate branch below).
+    LaunchedEffect(gateViewModel, uiConfigGate, endpoint) {
+        val gate = uiConfigGate ?: return@LaunchedEffect
+        // Off-Main: the first touch resolves the shared mTLS client (AndroidKeyStore/Tink reads).
+        val allowed = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { gate.allowsAutoMode(endpoint) }
+        if (allowed) gateViewModel.setAutoModeAllowed(true)
+    }
+
+    // W2 follow-up queue. The presenter is composition-scoped (it holds only HTTP-derived state), while the
+    // authoritative DEPTH rides the retained gate presenter's control mailbox — so a rotation cannot leak a
+    // mailbox or lose the badge. A freshly spawned session has no id until the server adopts one.
+    val queueVm = remember(queueGateway) { queueGateway?.let { QueueViewModel(it) } }
+    // Remembered UNCONDITIONALLY (a `remember` inside an elvis branch is a conditional composable call)
+    // so the stand-in for "no queue on this host" is a stable flow, not a per-recomposition instance.
+    val noQueueState = remember { MutableStateFlow(QueueUiState()) }
+    val queueUi by (queueVm?.uiState ?: noQueueState).collectAsStateWithLifecycle()
+    val liveSessionId = remember(sessionId, gateUi.sessionId) {
+        (sessionId ?: gateUi.sessionId)?.let { raw -> runCatching { UUID.fromString(raw) }.getOrNull() }
+    }
+    // The live `queue` frame is the authoritative depth; hand it to the panel presenter so its badge and
+    // its item list can never disagree with what the server just broadcast.
+    LaunchedEffect(queueVm, gateUi.queueDepth) {
+        gateUi.queueDepth?.let { depth -> queueVm?.onServerDepth(depth) }
+    }
+    var showQueuePanel by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
+    val queueScope = rememberCoroutineScope()
+
+    // A25 quick-reply palette: one remembered presenter over the injected store, loaded once per store.
+    val palette = remember(quickReplyStore) { QuickReplyPalette(quickReplyStore) }
+    val quickReplyChips by palette.chips.collectAsStateWithLifecycle()
+    val paletteScope = rememberCoroutineScope()
+    var showPaletteEditor by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
+    LaunchedEffect(palette) { palette.load() }
+
     val requestNewSession: () -> Unit = { onNewSessionInCwd(NewSessionInCwd.requestFor(cwd)) }
 
     // A slow wall-clock tick so the telemetry chips grey out as the last frame ages (§ staleness).
@@ -224,16 +307,62 @@ public fun TerminalScreen(
         }
     }
 
+    // Copy-out (first-party selection layer in `:terminal-view`). The view handle is captured per
+    // `generation` so a real-background rebuild never leaves a stale reference behind.
+    var remoteTerminalView by remember { mutableStateOf<RemoteTerminalView?>(null) }
+    var isSelecting by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
+    var copyNotice by remember { mutableStateOf<String?>(null) }
+    LaunchedEffect(copyNotice) {
+        if (copyNotice != null) {
+            delay(COPY_NOTICE_MS)
+            copyNotice = null
+        }
+    }
+
     Column(modifier = modifier.fillMaxSize()) {
-        TerminalToolbar(title = title, onNewSessionInCwd = requestNewSession)
+        TerminalToolbar(
+            title = title,
+            onNewSessionInCwd = requestNewSession,
+            onEditQuickReplies = { showPaletteEditor = true },
+            queueDepth = gateUi.queueDepth,
+            onOpenQueue = if (queueVm != null && liveSessionId != null && queueUi.isSupported) {
+                {
+                    showQueuePanel = true
+                    queueScope.launch { queueVm.refresh(liveSessionId) }
+                }
+            } else {
+                null
+            },
+            // Shown only while a selection is live: an OEM whose floating toolbar misbehaves still has a
+            // reachable Copy, and the action is ALWAYS an explicit user gesture (§8 — terminal bytes reach
+            // the clipboard on no other path).
+            onCopySelection = if (isSelecting) {
+                {
+                    copyNotice = copyResultText(remoteTerminalView?.copySelection())
+                    remoteTerminalView?.clearSelection()
+                }
+            } else {
+                null
+            },
+        )
+        copyNotice?.let { notice -> InlineNotice(text = notice) }
         ReconnectBanner(model = banner, onNewSession = requestNewSession)
         // Cockpit surfaces (A22): away-digest (once per reconnect) + statusLine telemetry chips. Both hide
         // themselves when their state is null/empty; server strings render inert (§8).
         gateUi.digest?.let { AwayDigestView(digest = it, onExpand = onDigestExpand) } // onExpand → A28 timeline (wired)
         gateUi.telemetry?.let { TelemetryChips(telemetry = it, nowMs = nowMs) }
         // Tool gate → an inline approve/reject card; plan gates use the ModalBottomSheet below.
+        // The W1 `status.preview` MUST be passed: without it the card is a name-only bar and the user is
+        // approving a `Bash` call without seeing the command (the "blind approval" defect).
         gateUi.gate?.takeIf { it.kind == GateKind.TOOL }?.let { toolGate ->
-            GateBanner(gate = toolGate, onDecide = gateViewModel::decide)
+            GateBanner(gate = toolGate, onDecide = gateViewModel::decide, preview = gateUi.preview)
+        }
+        // A plan gate on a host that FORBIDS auto-accept-edits degrades to the same two-way card: only
+        // 批准 (approve + review) and 拒绝 (keep planning) are real affordances there, so offering the
+        // three-way sheet would advertise a decision the host will not honour. The authoritative drop
+        // lives in `GateViewModel.decide`; this is the "don't offer it" half.
+        gateUi.gate?.takeIf { it.kind == GateKind.PLAN && !gateUi.allowAutoMode }?.let { planGate ->
+            GateBanner(gate = planGate, onDecide = gateViewModel::decide, preview = gateUi.preview)
         }
         Box(modifier = Modifier.weight(1f).fillMaxWidth()) {
             key(generation) {
@@ -246,38 +375,150 @@ public fun TerminalScreen(
                         remoteView.onKeyCommand = { keyCode, keyEvent ->
                             HardwareKeyRouter.handle(keyCode, keyEvent, controller::sendInput)
                         }
-                        // A layout/size change feeds the latest-writer-wins reclaim path (§6.4). The pixel→
-                        // grid metric read (Termux's package-private mFontWidth) + emulator resize is
-                        // completed in the view layer on-device; here we reclaim full-screen.
-                        remoteView.onViewSizeChanged = { _, _ -> controller.notifyForegrounded(null, null) }
+                        // The grid for this size has ALREADY been measured and pushed by the view layer
+                        // (TerminalResizeDriver → RemoteTerminalSession.updateSize → `Resize`) by the time
+                        // this fires, so re-asserting it here would only double the frame. Forward it to
+                        // the engine solely while disconnected, where the call is the connect-now nudge
+                        // (§6.4). bannerState is read at CALL time — a value captured in this factory
+                        // lambda would be frozen at first composition.
+                        remoteView.onViewSizeChanged = { _, _ ->
+                            if (TerminalReclaimPolicy.nudgesOnViewSizeChange(holder.bannerState.value)) {
+                                controller.notifyForegrounded(null, null)
+                            }
+                        }
+                        // Copy-out: mirror the selection state up so the toolbar can offer a Copy action.
+                        // Stock Termux selection stays unreachable (its ActionMode dereferences the absent
+                        // TerminalSession) — this is the first-party layer, and nothing here calls
+                        // startTextSelectionMode.
+                        remoteView.onSelectionChanged = { selecting -> isSelecting = selecting }
+                        remoteTerminalView = remoteView
                         controller.remoteSession.attachView(remoteView)
-                        remoteView.hostView()
+                        // The host view IS the View to compose: :terminal-view now exposes its own
+                        // `RemoteTerminalHostView` (a FrameLayout that owns focus + the IME contract and
+                        // keeps the final stock Termux view away from its session-dereferencing paths), so
+                        // no reflection is needed to avoid naming an `implementation`-scoped Termux type.
+                        remoteView.terminalView
                     },
                     // Config change / real background: unbind the view but the holder-owned emulator
                     // survives (FIX 3) — never close it here (that is the holder teardown's job).
-                    onRelease = { controller.remoteSession.detachView() },
+                    onRelease = {
+                        remoteTerminalView = null
+                        isSelecting = false
+                        controller.remoteSession.detachView()
+                    },
                 )
             }
             if (covered) PrivacyCover()
         }
+        // A25: the quick-reply chips float directly above the key-bar while a gate is held — the moment
+        // Claude is waiting is exactly when a one-tap canned reply is useful. Each tap sends the chip's
+        // text VERBATIM through the same ordered send pump as typing (invariant #1/#9).
+        QuickReply(
+            chips = quickReplyChips,
+            gateHeld = gateUi.gate != null,
+            onSend = controller::sendInput,
+        )
         // The IME-bypass touch key-bar, pinned above the keyboard (hidden on wide screens / hardware kbd).
         KeyBar(onSend = controller::sendInput)
     }
 
-    // Plan gate → a three-way ModalBottomSheet overlay. Dismissing (scrim/back) resolves NOTHING — the
-    // gate stays held until an explicit decision (PlanGateSheet contract); the epoch stale-guard lives in
-    // GateViewModel.decide.
-    gateUi.gate?.takeIf { it.kind == GateKind.PLAN }?.let { planGate ->
-        PlanGateSheet(gate = planGate, onDecide = gateViewModel::decide, onDismiss = {})
+    // The editable palette (A25). Every mutation goes through the store (the CRUD authority) and the
+    // presenter republishes what came back, so the chips above can never drift from what was persisted.
+    if (showPaletteEditor) {
+        QuickReplyPaletteEditor(
+            chips = quickReplyChips,
+            onAdd = { text -> paletteScope.launch { palette.add(text) } },
+            onEdit = { id, text -> paletteScope.launch { palette.edit(id, text) } },
+            onRemove = { id -> paletteScope.launch { palette.remove(id) } },
+            onMove = { from, to -> paletteScope.launch { palette.move(from, to) } },
+            onDismiss = { showPaletteEditor = false },
+        )
     }
+
+    // Plan gate → a three-way ModalBottomSheet overlay, but ONLY on a host that permits auto-accept-edits
+    // (`GET /config/ui`); otherwise the two-way card above stands in. Dismissing (scrim/back) resolves
+    // NOTHING — the gate stays held until an explicit decision (PlanGateSheet contract); the epoch
+    // stale-guard lives in GateViewModel.decide.
+    gateUi.gate?.takeIf { it.kind == GateKind.PLAN && gateUi.allowAutoMode }?.let { planGate ->
+        PlanGateSheet(
+            gate = planGate,
+            onDecide = gateViewModel::decide,
+            onDismiss = {},
+            preview = gateUi.preview,
+        )
+    }
+
+    // W2 queue panel. Every write is one attempt with a typed outcome — the presenter never auto-retries,
+    // least of all a 429 (the 20/min bucket is shared with every other client of this host).
+    if (showQueuePanel && queueVm != null && liveSessionId != null) {
+        QueuePanel(
+            state = queueUi,
+            onSend = { text -> queueScope.launch { queueVm.enqueue(liveSessionId, text) } },
+            onClearAll = { queueScope.launch { queueVm.clearAll(liveSessionId) } },
+            onDismissNotice = queueVm::dismissNotice,
+            onDismiss = { showQueuePanel = false },
+            onRefresh = { queueScope.launch { queueVm.refresh(liveSessionId) } },
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+/** How long a copy-outcome notice stays on screen. */
+private const val COPY_NOTICE_MS: Long = 2_000L
+
+/**
+ * App-authored copy for a [TerminalCopyResult]. The copied TEXT is never rendered or logged (§8) — only
+ * whether the copy happened.
+ */
+internal fun copyResultText(result: TerminalCopyResult?): String = when (result) {
+    TerminalCopyResult.COPIED -> "已复制到剪贴板"
+    TerminalCopyResult.NOTHING_SELECTED -> "没有选中内容"
+    TerminalCopyResult.NOTHING_TO_COPY -> "选中的区域是空白"
+    TerminalCopyResult.CLIPBOARD_UNAVAILABLE -> "系统剪贴板拒绝了这次复制"
+    null -> "终端还没准备好"
+}
+
+/** A short-lived inert status line (copy outcome). Fixed app copy — never a server or exception string. */
+@Composable
+private fun InlineNotice(text: String) {
+    Surface(color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.surfaceVariant, modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) {
+        Text(
+            text = text,
+            style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+            modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = Spacing.md12, vertical = Spacing.xs4),
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The W2 queue seam for [endpoint], resolved from the Hilt graph (a Composable cannot be
+ * constructor-injected). `null` outside a Hilt application, which correctly hides the affordance in a
+ * `@Preview`. Remembered per endpoint so a recomposition does not mint a new presenter.
+ */
+@Composable
+internal fun rememberAppQueueGateway(endpoint: HostEndpoint): QueueGateway? {
+    val env = rememberAppEnvironment()
+    return remember(env, endpoint) { env?.buildQueueGateway(endpoint) }
 }
 
 /** Telemetry-chip staleness tick interval (ms) — re-reads the wall clock so chips grey as a frame ages. */
 private const val TELEMETRY_TICK_MS: Long = 1_000L
 
-/** Toolbar: the inert (already-sanitized) session title + the new-session-in-cwd action. */
+/**
+ * Toolbar: the inert (already-sanitized) session title, the quick-reply palette editor and the
+ * new-session-in-cwd action. The editor lives HERE rather than on the chip row because the row only
+ * floats while a gate is held (and hides itself when the palette is empty) — an editor reachable only
+ * from the row could never be used to create the first chip.
+ */
 @Composable
-private fun TerminalToolbar(title: String, onNewSessionInCwd: () -> Unit) {
+private fun TerminalToolbar(
+    title: String,
+    onNewSessionInCwd: () -> Unit,
+    onEditQuickReplies: () -> Unit,
+    queueDepth: Int? = null,
+    onOpenQueue: (() -> Unit)? = null,
+    onCopySelection: (() -> Unit)? = null,
+) {
     Surface(color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.surface, modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()) {
         Row(
             verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
@@ -292,6 +533,15 @@ private fun TerminalToolbar(title: String, onNewSessionInCwd: () -> Unit) {
                 overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis,
                 modifier = Modifier.weight(1f),
             )
+            // Only while text is selected — the clipboard write is always an explicit gesture (§8).
+            onCopySelection?.let { copy -> TextButton(onClick = copy) { Text("复制") } }
+            onOpenQueue?.let { open ->
+                TextButton(onClick = open) {
+                    Text("排队")
+                    QueueBadge(depth = queueDepth, modifier = Modifier.padding(start = Spacing.xs4))
+                }
+            }
+            TextButton(onClick = onEditQuickReplies) { Text("快捷回复") }
             TextButton(onClick = onNewSessionInCwd) { Text("在当前目录开新会话") }
         }
     }
@@ -340,17 +590,65 @@ private tailrec fun Context.findActivity(): Activity? = when (this) {
 }
 
 /**
- * The [android.view.View] to add to the Compose tree — the Termux `TerminalView` behind
- * [RemoteTerminalView].
+ * WHICH app-side events must call `SessionEngine.notifyForegrounded` for the §6.4 latest-writer-wins
+ * reclaim — the pure, JVM-tested half of the device-switch resize path.
  *
- * BOUNDARY WORKAROUND (recorded): A16's `RemoteTerminalView.terminalView` is typed
- * `com.termux.view.TerminalView`, but `:terminal-view` scopes the Termux `terminal-view` artifact as
- * `implementation`, so that concrete type is NOT on `:app`'s compile classpath (and neither
- * `app/build.gradle.kts` nor `:terminal-view`/`RemoteTerminalView` is in A21's editable lane). We
- * therefore read the already-attached stock view through its public getter as a plain [View] — a
- * `TerminalView` IS a `View`, so hosting it in an `AndroidView` is correct; only the compile-time type
- * name is avoided. The clean fix (out of A21's lane) is to `api`-expose the Termux view from
- * `:terminal-view` or add `libs.termux.terminal.view` to `:app`, then `AndroidView { remote.terminalView }`.
+ * A shared PTY has exactly ONE size, so the device you are actively using has to re-assert its dims to
+ * take that size back from whichever device wrote last. Two things make this subtler than "resend on every
+ * event":
+ *  - **The view layer already owns the grid.** `RemoteTerminalHostView.onSizeChanged` →
+ *    `TerminalResizeDriver` → `RemoteTerminalSession.updateSize` measures and pushes the real cols×rows,
+ *    deduping sub-cell layout churn so a rotation costs exactly one `Resize` frame. Calling the engine on
+ *    the SAME size-changed event would double every one of those frames (and re-SIGWINCH the shell).
+ *  - **The engine call has no dedup.** `notifyForegrounded` re-sends the remembered dims unconditionally —
+ *    which is precisely what the reclaim needs, and precisely why it must not be attached to layout churn.
+ *
+ * So the engine call is reserved for what the view cannot observe (becoming the active device again:
+ * `ON_RESUME`, a window-focus GAIN) plus the disconnected case, where the same call is the
+ * connect-now-without-resetting-the-ladder nudge.
  */
-private fun RemoteTerminalView.hostView(): View =
-    RemoteTerminalView::class.java.getMethod("getTerminalView").invoke(this) as View
+internal object TerminalReclaimPolicy {
+
+    /** `ON_RESUME` (pane-show / device-switch) is the only lifecycle event that reclaims. */
+    fun reclaimsOnLifecycle(event: Lifecycle.Event): Boolean = event == Lifecycle.Event.ON_RESUME
+
+    /** Focus GAIN reclaims; a blur must never resize (the v0.4 min→latest-writer pivot removed that). */
+    fun reclaimsOnWindowFocus(focused: Boolean): Boolean = focused
+
+    /**
+     * A view size change reaches the engine only while a connect is pending/retrying — there the call is
+     * the connect-now nudge. Connected ([BannerModel.Hidden]) the view driver has already pushed this
+     * exact grid; terminally failed/exited there is no reconnect owed.
+     */
+    fun nudgesOnViewSizeChange(banner: BannerModel): Boolean =
+        banner is BannerModel.Connecting || banner is BannerModel.Reconnecting
+}
+
+/**
+ * The app-graph quick-reply store: a [DataStoreQuickReplyStore] over the SAME
+ * `DataStore<Preferences>` singleton the host/last-session stores use (disjoint keys, one file — two
+ * `DataStore` instances over one file would throw).
+ *
+ * `TerminalScreen` is a Composable, so it cannot take the store by constructor injection; the store is
+ * pulled off the Hilt `SingletonComponent` through an `@EntryPoint` instead (the standard Hilt escape
+ * hatch for exactly this case) and kept as a default parameter value so a test/preview can still pass an
+ * in-memory store. Nothing here widens the DI graph — the provider already exists in `di/StorageModule`.
+ */
+@Composable
+internal fun rememberAppQuickReplyStore(): QuickReplyStore {
+    val application = LocalContext.current.applicationContext
+    return remember(application) {
+        DataStoreQuickReplyStore(
+            EntryPointAccessors
+                .fromApplication(application, QuickReplyStoreEntryPoint::class.java)
+                .preferencesDataStore(),
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+/** Reads the app-scoped Preferences `DataStore` provider for [rememberAppQuickReplyStore]. */
+@EntryPoint
+@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
+internal interface QuickReplyStoreEntryPoint {
+    public fun preferencesDataStore(): DataStore<Preferences>
+}

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/viewmodels/DiffViewModel.kt

@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.GitWriteOutcome
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.PushResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.StageResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes.ApiClient
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AccessTokenSource
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AuthCookie
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpMethod
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpRequest
@@ -439,14 +441,23 @@ public class DiffUnavailable(public val status: Int) : Exception("diff unavailab
 /**
  * Real [DiffFetcher]: builds the RO `GET /projects/diff` against [endpoint] and decodes tolerantly.
  * Read-only, so it stamps NO `Origin` header (the CSWSH 铁律 — only guarded routes carry it, plan §4.3).
+ *
+ * This route is hand-built (it is not one of `:api-client`'s 12), so the access-token cookie must be
+ * stamped HERE too: the server's auth gate covers EVERY route, and a missing cookie 401s (B5 /
+ * ios-completion §1.1). The value comes from the single derivation point ([AuthCookie]); [tokens] is
+ * the same store the transports read, and a host with no token adds no header at all.
  */
 public class HttpDiffFetcher(
     private val endpoint: HostEndpoint,
     private val http: HttpTransport,
+    private val tokens: AccessTokenSource = AccessTokenSource.NONE,
 ) : DiffFetcher {
     override suspend fun fetch(path: String, staged: Boolean, base: String?): DiffResult {
         val url = diffUrl(endpoint.baseUrl, path, staged, base) ?: throw DiffUnavailable(HTTP_BAD_REQUEST)
-        val response = http.send(HttpRequest(method = HttpMethod.GET, url = url))
+        val headers = tokens.tokenFor(endpoint)
+            ?.let { mapOf(AuthCookie.HEADER_NAME to AuthCookie.headerValue(it)) }
+            ?: emptyMap()
+        val response = http.send(HttpRequest(method = HttpMethod.GET, url = url, headers = headers))
         if (response.status != HTTP_OK) throw DiffUnavailable(response.status)
         return decodeDiffResult(response.body)
     }

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/viewmodels/GateViewModel.kt

@@ -10,13 +10,16 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asSharedFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.Adopted
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.AwayDigest
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.Digest
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.Exited
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.Gate
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.GateState
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.Queued
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.SessionEvent
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.Telemetry
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ApprovalPreview
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.ClientMessage
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.GateKind
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.StatusTelemetry
@@ -58,6 +61,19 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring.TerminalSessionController
  * mailbox that is INDEPENDENT of the banner's (and the A28 timeline's). Every consumer sees every
  * control event; none steals from another. Capturing at construction registers the mailbox eagerly,
  * before the holder calls `controller.start()`, so the first gate is never dropped.
+ *
+ * ### `allowAutoMode` fails CLOSED (`GET /config/ui`)
+ * `approve.mode="acceptEdits"` puts Claude into auto-accept-edits, which an operator can switch off
+ * host-side (`ALLOW_AUTO_MODE=0` → `GET /config/ui` `{allowAutoMode:false}`). [decide] therefore drops
+ * [GateDecision.ACCEPT_EDITS] unless [setAutoModeAllowed] has been told the host permits it — the
+ * default is `false`, so a host that is merely unreachable can never *widen* what the phone may approve.
+ * This is the authoritative half; the surface additionally stops OFFERING the affordance.
+ *
+ * ### It also carries the two cockpit signals nothing else owns
+ * The `queue` frame ([Queued]) and the adopted session id ([Adopted]) arrive on this same control
+ * mailbox and used to be discarded here. They live in [GateUiState] because this VM is the retained,
+ * rotation-surviving cockpit consumer (`RetainedSessionHolder`): a composition-scoped collector would
+ * both lose them on rotation and leak a fresh orphaned mailbox each time.
  */
 public class GateViewModel(
     private val controller: TerminalSessionController,
@@ -105,14 +121,29 @@ public class GateViewModel(
             is Gate -> onGate(event.gate)
             is Telemetry -> _uiState.value = _uiState.value.copy(telemetry = event.telemetry)
             is Digest -> onDigest(event.digest)
-            // The session ended: a held gate is no longer decidable — clear it so no stale card lingers.
-            is Exited -> _uiState.value = _uiState.value.copy(gate = null)
-            else -> Unit // Output / Connection / Adopted are not cockpit concerns.
+            // W2: the server's authoritative pending-prompt depth (never a local count).
+            is Queued -> _uiState.value = _uiState.value.copy(queueDepth = event.length.coerceAtLeast(0))
+            // The server-issued id — the only way a freshly spawned session learns what to queue against.
+            is Adopted -> _uiState.value = _uiState.value.copy(sessionId = event.sessionId)
+            // The session ended: a held gate is no longer decidable and there is no queue to show.
+            is Exited -> _uiState.value = _uiState.value.copy(gate = null, preview = null, queueDepth = null)
+            else -> Unit // Output / Connection are not cockpit concerns.
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Record whether this host permits `approve.mode="acceptEdits"` (`GET /config/ui`
+     * `{allowAutoMode}`). Called by the screen after a SUCCESSFUL fetch only — a failed fetch must leave
+     * the fail-closed `false` in place, because the permissive default is the dangerous one.
+     */
+    public fun setAutoModeAllowed(allowed: Boolean) {
+        _uiState.value = _uiState.value.copy(allowAutoMode = allowed)
+    }
+
     private fun onGate(gate: GateState?) {
-        _uiState.value = _uiState.value.copy(gate = gate)
+        // The preview is bound to the gate it describes: it arrives with it and is cleared with it, so
+        // a resolved gate's command/diff can never sit under the NEXT gate's buttons.
+        _uiState.value = _uiState.value.copy(gate = gate, preview = gate?.preview)
         if (gate == null) return // Falling edge: gate lifted; keep lastArrivalEpoch so it can't refire.
         // Rising edge = a NEW epoch (epochs are monotonic; a refresh keeps the same epoch).
         if (gate.epoch != lastArrivalEpoch) {
@@ -133,8 +164,12 @@ public class GateViewModel(
      * an affordance of the current gate kind; otherwise sends EXACTLY ONE resolved message.
      */
     public fun decide(decision: GateDecision, epoch: Int) {
-        val held = _uiState.value.gate ?: return // canDecide line 1: no gate held → drop.
-        if (held.epoch != epoch) return          // canDecide line 2: stale epoch → drop.
+        val state = _uiState.value
+        val held = state.gate ?: return           // canDecide line 1: no gate held → drop.
+        if (held.epoch != epoch) return           // canDecide line 2: stale epoch → drop.
+        // The host's own policy outranks the phone: auto-accept-edits is refused unless a successful
+        // `GET /config/ui` said it is allowed (fail closed — see the class doc).
+        if (decision == GateDecision.ACCEPT_EDITS && !state.allowAutoMode) return
         val message = resolveGateMessage(decision, held.kind) ?: return // not valid for this kind → drop.
         controller.decideGate(epoch, message)
     }
@@ -152,14 +187,49 @@ public enum class GateDecision {
     REJECT,
 }
 
+/**
+ * W1 — strip everything that could make untrusted preview text behave like anything other than text:
+ * every C0 control char except `\n`/`\t`, DEL, and the C1 range. ESC in particular must never reach a
+ * renderer — and `\n` must survive, because a shell command's line structure IS the content.
+ *
+ * The server already sanitizes (`src/http/approval-preview.ts`); this is the client's defence in
+ * depth, because the gate surfaces are the one place untrusted bytes sit under an approve button.
+ */
+public fun inertPreviewText(raw: String): String =
+    raw.filterNot { ch ->
+        val code = ch.code
+        (code < 0x20 && ch != '\n' && ch != '\t') || code == 0x7F || (code in 0x80..0x9F)
+    }
+
+/** The sanitized command text of a [ApprovalPreview.Command], or null when nothing legible remains. */
+public fun ApprovalPreview.Command.inertText(): String? = inertPreviewText(text).takeIf { it.isNotBlank() }
+
 /** The gate/cockpit snapshot rendered by the surfaces. All fields null = nothing to show. */
 public data class GateUiState(
     /** The held permission gate, or `null` when none (falling edge / never risen). */
     val gate: GateState? = null,
+    /** What the held gate would run, or `null` when the server sent no preview (a NORMAL state). */
+    val preview: ApprovalPreview? = null,
     /** Latest statusLine telemetry, or `null` before the first `telemetry` frame. */
     val telemetry: StatusTelemetry? = null,
     /** The reattach away-digest to show, or `null` when suppressed (all-zero) or none. */
     val digest: AwayDigest? = null,
+    /**
+     * W2 pending prompt-queue depth from the live `queue` frame — `null` = unknown (no frame yet, or the
+     * session exited), `0` = empty. The badge renders only for a positive value.
+     */
+    val queueDepth: Int? = null,
+    /**
+     * The SERVER-issued session id (`attached`/`Adopted`), or `null` before the first attach. The queue
+     * routes are addressed by it, so a freshly spawned session (opened with a null id) can only be
+     * queued to once this arrives.
+     */
+    val sessionId: String? = null,
+    /**
+     * Does this host permit `approve.mode="acceptEdits"` (`GET /config/ui` `{allowAutoMode}`)?
+     * **Defaults to `false` and is only ever raised by a SUCCESSFUL fetch** — fail closed.
+     */
+    val allowAutoMode: Boolean = false,
 )
 
 /**

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/viewmodels/PairingViewModel.kt

@@ -1,16 +1,23 @@
 package wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels
 
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CancellationException
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
+import kotlinx.coroutines.NonCancellable
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing.AuthProbeResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing.PairingError
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing.PairingProbeResult
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing.probeAccessToken
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing.runPairingProbe
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.AccessTokenStore
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.Host
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.HostStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AccessTokenSource
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostClassifier
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostNetworkTier
@@ -35,22 +42,64 @@ import java.util.UUID
  *  3. **Public host needs an explicit acknowledge.** A [WarningTier.PUBLIC] host cannot be probed until
  *     the user ticks the risk acknowledge ([confirm]`(acknowledgedPublicRisk = true)`); otherwise the
  *     confirm is a no-op that re-arms the reminder.
- *  4. **Tunnel host is cert-gated (the choke point retry can't bypass).** Both [confirm] and [retry]
- *     funnel through the ONE private [runProbe]; for a [WarningTier.TUNNEL] host with no installed
- *     device cert, [runProbe] refuses BEFORE any network I/O and re-refuses on every retry (plan §8
- *     "runProbe refuses to probe `*.terminal.yaojia.wang` unless a device cert is installed").
+ *  4. **Tunnel host is cert-gated (the choke point retry can't bypass).** [confirm], [retry] and the
+ *     post-token resume all funnel through the ONE private `performProbe`; for a [WarningTier.TUNNEL]
+ *     host with no installed device cert it refuses BEFORE any network I/O and re-refuses on every
+ *     retry (plan §8 "runProbe refuses to probe `*.terminal.yaojia.wang` unless a device cert is
+ *     installed").
  *
  * On probe success the validated host is persisted via [HostStore.upsert].
  *
+ * ### The `WEBTERM_TOKEN` gate has TWO ways in, and both end in the same place
+ * A token-gated host can be met either way round, so both are supported:
+ *  - **Typed up front.** The confirm step has an optional token field; [confirm]/[retry] carry it into
+ *    RULE 5 below (validate with `POST /auth`, store, then probe).
+ *  - **Discovered by the probe.** A host the user did not know was gated answers the probe's
+ *    unauthenticated `GET /live-sessions` with **401**. When the probe classifies that as
+ *    [PairingError.AccessTokenRequired] the user goes back to the confirm step with
+ *    [TokenError.REQUIRED] under the field. An older/ambiguous host instead collapses the 401 into
+ *    [PairingError.HttpOkButNotWebTerminal] ("端口对吗?"), which is actively misleading — so that ONE
+ *    case is re-checked against [PairingProber.requiresAccessToken] and, if the host really is gated,
+ *    routed to the dedicated [PairingUiState.TokenRequired] prompt. [submitAccessToken] posts the token
+ *    (`POST /auth`), which lands the `webterm_auth` cookie in the shared cookie jar, keeps the token in
+ *    [tokenStore] so the WS upgrade's own `Cookie` header can carry it too, then resumes pairing through
+ *    the same choke point.
+ * Either way the token is a SHELL credential: it is a parameter, never a field and never part of any UI
+ * state.
+ *
+ * ### RULE 5 — the access token is validated and stored BEFORE the probe (B5, ios-completion §1.1)
+ * When the user typed a token, [confirm]/[retry] first validate it with `POST /auth` ([authProber]) and,
+ * only if the server ACCEPTED it (204 **with** `Set-Cookie`), persist it to the Keystore-backed
+ * [tokenStore]. That ordering is load-bearing: the two-step probe's own HTTP legs AND its WS upgrade
+ * read the token back out of that same store, so they can only authenticate if the token is already in
+ * it. A 204 **without** `Set-Cookie` means the host has no auth at all — nothing is stored and pairing
+ * continues (never treated as "authenticated"). A wrong token / rate-limit / malformed token keeps the
+ * user on the confirm step with a typed [TokenError] and NEVER reaches the network probe.
+ *
+ * ### RULE 6 — a pairing that does not end in [PairingUiState.Paired] strands no secret (F2)
+ * Storing before probing means the store can be left holding a token for a host that never paired (wrong
+ * port, unreachable, user backs out). So every non-paired exit — probe failure, a throw, and cancellation
+ * by [reset] or by a superseding attempt — rolls the store back to exactly what it held before this
+ * attempt ([TokenAttempt]): the previous token for a re-pair, nothing at all for a first pairing. The
+ * rollback runs under [NonCancellable] so an abandoned attempt still cleans up, and the next attempt
+ * `join`s the one it supersedes so the two never race on the same key.
+ *
+ * The token itself never enters [PairingUiState] — it lives in the screen's own field and is passed in
+ * per call, so no state snapshot, log or crash report can carry it.
+ *
  * @param hostStore where a successfully-paired [Host] is saved.
  * @param prober the two-step [wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing.runPairingProbe] seam; a fake in tests.
  * @param hasDeviceCert `suspend` cert check (production: `IdentityRepository.hasInstalledIdentity` on IO).
+ * @param tokenStore per-host access-token storage (production: the Tink/AndroidKeystore store).
+ * @param authProber the `POST /auth` validation seam ([accessTokenProber] in production).
  * @param newId host-id allocator (default random UUID; deterministic in tests).
  */
 public class PairingViewModel(
     private val hostStore: HostStore,
     private val prober: PairingProber,
     private val hasDeviceCert: suspend () -> Boolean,
+    private val tokenStore: AccessTokenStore,
+    private val authProber: AccessTokenProber,
     private val newId: () -> String = { UUID.randomUUID().toString() },
 ) {
     private val _uiState = MutableStateFlow<PairingUiState>(PairingUiState.Entry())
@@ -111,56 +160,252 @@ public class PairingViewModel(
     /**
      * Confirm the on-screen candidate and probe it. For a public host, [acknowledgedPublicRisk] MUST be
      * true or this re-arms the acknowledge reminder without touching the network (RULE 3).
+     * [accessToken] is the (optional) `WEBTERM_TOKEN` the user typed — blank means "this host has none".
      */
-    public fun confirm(acknowledgedPublicRisk: Boolean = false) {
+    public fun confirm(acknowledgedPublicRisk: Boolean = false, accessToken: String = "") {
         val candidate = _uiState.value.candidate() ?: return
-        runProbe(candidate, acknowledgedPublicRisk)
+        runProbe(candidate, acknowledgedPublicRisk, accessToken)
     }
 
     /**
      * Retry after a failure or a cert-gate refusal. Funnels through the SAME [runProbe] choke point as
      * [confirm] — so the tunnel cert-gate (RULE 4) cannot be bypassed by retrying.
      */
-    public fun retry(acknowledgedPublicRisk: Boolean = false) {
+    public fun retry(acknowledgedPublicRisk: Boolean = false, accessToken: String = "") {
         val candidate = _uiState.value.candidate() ?: return
-        runProbe(candidate, acknowledgedPublicRisk)
+        runProbe(candidate, acknowledgedPublicRisk, accessToken)
     }
 
-    private fun runProbe(candidate: Candidate, acknowledgedPublicRisk: Boolean) {
-        val tier = candidate.tier
-        // RULE 3 — public host: no probe until the risk is explicitly acknowledged.
-        if (tier.needsExplicitAck && !acknowledgedPublicRisk) {
+    /**
+     * Submit the host's shared access token (`WEBTERM_TOKEN`) from the token prompt. Only meaningful
+     * from [PairingUiState.TokenRequired] — anywhere else it is a no-op, so a stale UI event can never
+     * post a credential to a host the user has moved on from.
+     *
+     * This is the DISCOVERED half of the gate; the typed-up-front half is [confirm]'s `accessToken`
+     * (RULE 5). [token] goes straight to the prober's `POST /auth` and is never held in a field or in
+     * UI state. On acceptance the shared cookie jar holds `webterm_auth` AND the token is kept in
+     * [tokenStore] — so the WS upgrade's own `Cookie` header authenticates exactly as it would for a
+     * typed token — and pairing resumes through the same [performProbe] choke point as [confirm]/[retry]
+     * (so RULE 4's cert-gate still applies, under RULE 6's rollback). Every other outcome re-arms the
+     * prompt with a distinguishable reason and NEVER auto-retries (429 included).
+     */
+    public fun submitAccessToken(token: String) {
+        val state = _uiState.value
+        if (state !is PairingUiState.TokenRequired) return
+        if (token.isBlank()) return
+        val candidate = Candidate(state.endpoint, state.name, state.tier)
+        val scope = scope ?: return
+        val superseded = probeJob
+        superseded?.cancel()
+        probeJob = scope.launch {
+            superseded?.join() // same reason as runProbe: never race a superseded attempt's rollback.
+            _uiState.value = PairingUiState.TokenSubmitting(candidate.endpoint, candidate.name, candidate.tier)
+            when (prober.submitAccessToken(candidate.endpoint, token)) {
+                // Straight into the probe body: RULE 3 is already satisfied by construction (reaching the
+                // prompt required a probe, which for a public host required the explicit ack — and an ack
+                // cannot be un-given), while RULE 4's cert-gate lives INSIDE performProbe and re-applies.
+                // This submit WAS the `POST /auth` validation, so RULE 5 only has to KEEP the token.
+                TokenSubmission.Accepted -> performProbe(candidate) {
+                    writeToken(candidate, token) { error -> promptForToken(candidate, error); null }
+                }
+                // 204 with no Set-Cookie: the host has no auth at all (FROZEN §1.1). Store NOTHING and
+                // never read it as "authenticated" — same rule as `establishToken`'s AuthDisabled.
+                TokenSubmission.AuthDisabled -> performProbe(candidate) { TokenAttempt.NONE }
+                TokenSubmission.Rejected -> promptForToken(candidate, TokenError.INVALID)
+                TokenSubmission.RateLimited -> promptForToken(candidate, TokenError.RATE_LIMITED)
+                is TokenSubmission.Unreachable -> promptForToken(candidate, TokenError.UNREACHABLE)
+                TokenSubmission.Unavailable -> promptForToken(candidate, TokenError.UNAVAILABLE)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun runProbe(candidate: Candidate, acknowledgedPublicRisk: Boolean, accessToken: String) {
+        // RULE 3 — public host: no probe until the risk is explicitly acknowledged. This is the
+        // pre-network UI gate, so it lives here (the entry point the user drives), not in performProbe.
+        if (candidate.tier.needsExplicitAck && !acknowledgedPublicRisk) {
             _uiState.value = PairingUiState.Confirming(
                 endpoint = candidate.endpoint,
                 name = candidate.name,
-                tier = tier,
+                tier = candidate.tier,
                 awaitingAck = true,
             )
             return
         }
         val scope = scope ?: return
-        probeJob?.cancel()
+        val superseded = probeJob
+        superseded?.cancel()
         probeJob = scope.launch {
-            // RULE 4 — tunnel cert-gate: refuse BEFORE any network I/O; retry re-hits this same guard.
-            if (tier.isCertGated && !hasDeviceCert()) {
-                _uiState.value = PairingUiState.CertRequired(candidate.endpoint, candidate.name, tier)
-                return@launch
-            }
-            _uiState.value = PairingUiState.Probing(candidate.endpoint, candidate.name, tier)
-            when (val result = prober.probe(candidate.endpoint)) {
-                is PairingProbeResult.Success -> onProbeSuccess(candidate)
-                is PairingProbeResult.Failure -> _uiState.value = PairingUiState.Failed(
-                    endpoint = candidate.endpoint,
-                    name = candidate.name,
-                    tier = tier,
-                    error = result.error,
-                    message = PairingCopy.describe(result.error, tier),
-                )
+            // Wait out the attempt this one replaces: its RULE 6 rollback must finish before we read or
+            // write the same store key, or the two attempts race and the loser's undo wins.
+            superseded?.join()
+            // RULE 5 — validate + store the token BEFORE probing (the probe authenticates from the store).
+            performProbe(candidate) {
+                if (accessToken.isBlank()) TokenAttempt.NONE else establishToken(candidate, accessToken)
             }
         }
     }
 
-    private suspend fun onProbeSuccess(candidate: Candidate) {
+    /**
+     * The ONE probe body — reached from [confirm]/[retry] via [runProbe] and from an accepted access
+     * token ([submitAccessToken]). Holds RULE 4 (the cert-gate) so BOTH entry points hit it BEFORE any
+     * network I/O, then RULE 5's [tokenStep] and RULE 6's rollback; RULE 3 (the public-risk ack) is a
+     * pre-network UI gate and stays in [runProbe]. Runs inside the caller's job (never re-assigns
+     * [probeJob], which would cancel the coroutine it is called from).
+     *
+     * @param tokenStep the RULE 5 step for this entry point — validate+store a typed token, or merely
+     *   store one the prompt already validated. Returns the [TokenAttempt] to undo, or **null** after
+     *   publishing why pairing stops (meaning "do not probe").
+     */
+    private suspend fun performProbe(candidate: Candidate, tokenStep: suspend () -> TokenAttempt?) {
+        val tier = candidate.tier
+        // RULE 4 — tunnel cert-gate: refuse BEFORE any network I/O; retry and the post-token resume both
+        // re-hit this same guard.
+        if (tier.isCertGated && !hasDeviceCert()) {
+            _uiState.value = PairingUiState.CertRequired(candidate.endpoint, candidate.name, tier)
+            return
+        }
+        _uiState.value = PairingUiState.Probing(candidate.endpoint, candidate.name, tier)
+        val attempt = tokenStep() ?: return
+        // RULE 6 — anything short of Paired puts the store back the way this attempt found it.
+        val paired = try {
+            when (val result = prober.probe(candidate.endpoint)) {
+                is PairingProbeResult.Success -> onProbeSuccess(candidate)
+                is PairingProbeResult.Failure -> {
+                    onProbeFailure(candidate, result.error)
+                    false
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (error: Throwable) {
+            // Cancelled (reset / a newer attempt) or a transport throw — the rule is the same, and
+            // NonCancellable is what lets an already-cancelled attempt still clean up after itself.
+            withContext(NonCancellable) { rollBackToken(candidate, attempt) }
+            throw error
+        }
+        if (!paired) rollBackToken(candidate, attempt)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validate [token] with `POST /auth` and, if the server accepted it, persist it for this host.
+     * Returns the [TokenAttempt] to undo should pairing not complete (RULE 6) — [TokenAttempt.NONE] when
+     * the host turned out to have no auth at all — or **null** after publishing the matching
+     * [TokenError] / failure state, meaning "stop, do not probe".
+     */
+    private suspend fun establishToken(candidate: Candidate, token: String): TokenAttempt? {
+        val outcome = try {
+            authProber.validate(candidate.endpoint, token)
+        } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+            throw cancel
+        } catch (error: Throwable) {
+            // A network-level failure is not a token problem — classify it like any other probe error.
+            onProbeFailure(candidate, PairingError.classify(error, candidate.endpoint))
+            return null
+        }
+        return when (outcome) {
+            AuthProbeResult.Accepted -> writeToken(candidate, token) { failToken(candidate, it) }
+            // 204 with no Set-Cookie: the host has no auth. Store NOTHING (never "assume authenticated")
+            // and carry on — an open host pairs exactly as it did before this feature.
+            AuthProbeResult.AuthDisabled -> TokenAttempt.NONE
+            AuthProbeResult.InvalidToken -> failToken(candidate, TokenError.INVALID)
+            AuthProbeResult.RateLimited -> failToken(candidate, TokenError.RATE_LIMITED)
+            AuthProbeResult.Malformed -> failToken(candidate, TokenError.MALFORMED)
+            is AuthProbeResult.Unexpected -> failToken(candidate, TokenError.UNVERIFIABLE)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Persist [token], remembering what the store held before so RULE 6 can put it back. [onFailure]
+     * publishes the reason in whichever step the caller is showing (the confirm field, or the token
+     * prompt) and returns null, so a token we could not keep never reaches the probe.
+     */
+    private suspend fun writeToken(
+        candidate: Candidate,
+        token: String,
+        onFailure: (TokenError) -> TokenAttempt?,
+    ): TokenAttempt? {
+        return try {
+            val previous = tokenStore.tokenFor(candidate.endpoint)
+            // put() == false ⇒ the token failed the client-side rule (unreachable after a server ACCEPT).
+            if (!tokenStore.put(candidate.endpoint, token)) onFailure(TokenError.MALFORMED)
+            else TokenAttempt(stored = true, previous = previous)
+        } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+            throw cancel
+        } catch (_: Throwable) {
+            // A throw ⇒ encrypted storage failed; never continue with a token we could not keep.
+            onFailure(TokenError.STORE_FAILED)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Undo [attempt]'s write: restore the previous token (a failed re-pair must not cost the user the
+     * one that was working) or drop the key entirely when this host had none. Never publishes state —
+     * the caller has already published the reason pairing stopped.
+     */
+    private suspend fun rollBackToken(candidate: Candidate, attempt: TokenAttempt) {
+        if (!attempt.stored) return
+        try {
+            val previous = attempt.previous
+            if (previous == null) tokenStore.remove(candidate.endpoint)
+            else tokenStore.put(candidate.endpoint, previous)
+        } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+            throw cancel
+        } catch (_: Throwable) {
+            // Best effort: encrypted storage just failed on the undo. There is no recovery beyond this,
+            // and surfacing it would replace the pairing error the user actually needs to read.
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Publish a token-specific error, keeping the user ON the confirm step (the field is there). */
+    private fun failToken(candidate: Candidate, error: TokenError): TokenAttempt? {
+        _uiState.value = PairingUiState.Confirming(
+            endpoint = candidate.endpoint,
+            name = candidate.name,
+            tier = candidate.tier,
+            tokenError = error,
+        )
+        return null
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A failed probe, with TWO token-gate readings:
+     *  - [PairingError.AccessTokenRequired] — the probe saw the gate's own 401, so the user goes back to
+     *    the confirm step with the token field and [TokenError.REQUIRED];
+     *  - [PairingError.HttpOkButNotWebTerminal] is ambiguous — it is ALSO what a `WEBTERM_TOKEN`-gated
+     *    host's 401 collapses into on a host the taxonomy cannot classify — so that one case is
+     *    re-checked against [PairingProber.requiresAccessToken] and, when the host really is gated,
+     *    routed to the dedicated prompt instead of the misleading "wrong port?" copy.
+     * Every other error is reported verbatim.
+     */
+    private suspend fun onProbeFailure(candidate: Candidate, error: PairingError) {
+        // The host demands a token we do not have → back to the confirm step to enter one.
+        if (error == PairingError.AccessTokenRequired) {
+            failToken(candidate, TokenError.REQUIRED)
+            return
+        }
+        if (error == PairingError.HttpOkButNotWebTerminal && prober.requiresAccessToken(candidate.endpoint)) {
+            promptForToken(candidate, error = null)
+            return
+        }
+        _uiState.value = PairingUiState.Failed(
+            endpoint = candidate.endpoint,
+            name = candidate.name,
+            tier = candidate.tier,
+            error = error,
+            message = PairingCopy.describe(error, candidate.tier),
+        )
+    }
+
+    /** Publish the dedicated token prompt (the discovered-gate step), optionally with a reason. */
+    private fun promptForToken(candidate: Candidate, error: TokenError?) {
+        _uiState.value = PairingUiState.TokenRequired(
+            endpoint = candidate.endpoint,
+            name = candidate.name,
+            tier = candidate.tier,
+            error = error,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /** Persist the paired host. Returns false when it could not be paired (so RULE 6 undoes the token). */
+    private suspend fun onProbeSuccess(candidate: Candidate): Boolean {
         val host = Host.create(id = newId(), name = candidate.name.ifBlank { defaultName(candidate.endpoint) }, baseUrl = candidate.endpoint.baseUrl)
         if (host == null) {
             // Unreachable in practice (the endpoint already validated), but never persist a null host.
@@ -171,21 +416,103 @@ public class PairingViewModel(
                 error = PairingError.HttpOkButNotWebTerminal,
                 message = PairingCopy.describe(PairingError.HttpOkButNotWebTerminal, candidate.tier),
             )
-            return
+            return false
         }
         hostStore.upsert(host)
         _uiState.value = PairingUiState.Paired(host)
+        return true
     }
 
     private fun defaultName(endpoint: HostEndpoint): String =
         HostClassifier.hostOf(endpoint).ifEmpty { endpoint.baseUrl }
 }
 
-/** The two-step pairing probe seam ([wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing.runPairingProbe]); faked in tests. */
+/**
+ * The pairing NETWORK seam: the two-step probe ([wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing.runPairingProbe]) plus
+ * the `WEBTERM_TOKEN` gate's two operations. Faked in tests; production is built by
+ * `AppEnvironment.buildPairingProber()` over the ONE shared `OkHttpClient` (so the token cookie the
+ * submit obtains is the same jar every later request and the WS upgrade read from).
+ *
+ * The two token operations are DEFAULTED so a probe-only double still satisfies the interface — which
+ * also leaves exactly one abstract member, so this stays a `fun interface` and a test/production
+ * binding can be written as `PairingProber { endpoint -> … }`. Their defaults are deliberately the
+ * honest "this seam cannot reach the token gate" answers — `false` and [TokenSubmission.Unavailable] —
+ * never a silent success.
+ */
 public fun interface PairingProber {
     public suspend fun probe(endpoint: HostEndpoint): PairingProbeResult
+
+    /**
+     * Does [endpoint] answer an unauthenticated read with the server's `401 authentication required`
+     * (`src/server.ts` `authGate`)? Only consulted to disambiguate
+     * [PairingError.HttpOkButNotWebTerminal].
+     *
+     * Implementations MUST NOT throw for a network failure — an unreachable host is `false` ("not known
+     * to be gated"), so the app never prompts for a credential because a host is merely down.
+     */
+    public suspend fun requiresAccessToken(endpoint: HostEndpoint): Boolean = false
+
+    /**
+     * `POST /auth` with [token]. On [TokenSubmission.Accepted] the shared cookie jar holds the host's
+     * `webterm_auth` cookie, so the very next probe/attach is authenticated.
+     *
+     * [token] is a SHELL CREDENTIAL: implementations must put it in the request BODY only — never a URL,
+     * never a log, never an exception message — and must not retain it.
+     */
+    public suspend fun submitAccessToken(endpoint: HostEndpoint, token: String): TokenSubmission =
+        TokenSubmission.Unavailable
 }
 
+/**
+ * Outcome of `POST /auth` (server `src/http/auth.ts` + the route in `src/server.ts`). A wrong token
+ * ([Rejected]) and a host that did not answer ([Unreachable]) are DISTINCT cases on purpose — collapsing
+ * them would tell the user to re-type a token that was fine.
+ */
+public sealed interface TokenSubmission {
+    /** 2xx (the server answers `204` to a non-HTML request) — `Set-Cookie: webterm_auth=…` was returned. */
+    public data object Accepted : TokenSubmission
+
+    /**
+     * **2xx with NO `Set-Cookie: webterm_auth=…`** — this host has `WEBTERM_TOKEN` unset, so there is
+     * nothing to authenticate (FROZEN §1.1; the same discriminator as [AuthProbeResult.AuthDisabled] on
+     * the typed-token path). The submitted token MUST NOT be persisted and this MUST NOT be read as
+     * "authenticated": the host is simply open, and pairing continues exactly as for a zero-config LAN
+     * deploy.
+     */
+    public data object AuthDisabled : TokenSubmission
+
+    /** `401` — the token does not match the host's `WEBTERM_TOKEN`. */
+    public data object Rejected : TokenSubmission
+
+    /** `429` — over the host's 10-per-minute auth limit. Surfaced as-is; NEVER auto-retried. */
+    public data object RateLimited : TokenSubmission
+
+    /**
+     * The submit never got an answer it could interpret: a transport failure or an unexpected status.
+     * [reason] is a short, credential-free diagnostic (an error TYPE or `"HTTP <status>"`) — it is
+     * shown to nobody and logged nowhere; the UI copy is app-authored.
+     */
+    public data class Unreachable(val reason: String) : TokenSubmission
+
+    /** This prober has no way to submit a token (a probe-only seam). Reported, never silently ignored. */
+    public data object Unavailable : TokenSubmission
+}
+
+/**
+ * The `POST /auth` access-token validation seam ([probeAccessToken]); faked in tests. Kept separate from
+ * [PairingProber] so the ORDER (validate+store, then probe) is observable in a unit test.
+ */
+public fun interface AccessTokenProber {
+    public suspend fun validate(endpoint: HostEndpoint, token: String): AuthProbeResult
+}
+
+/**
+ * Production [AccessTokenProber]: the frozen one-shot `POST /auth` probe over the ONE shared
+ * `OkHttpClient`'s [HttpTransport]. The token travels in the JSON body only — never a URL, never a log.
+ */
+public fun accessTokenProber(http: HttpTransport): AccessTokenProber =
+    AccessTokenProber { endpoint, token -> probeAccessToken(endpoint, http, token) }
+
 /**
  * Production [PairingProber] binding: the frozen two-step [runPairingProbe] over the ONE shared
  * `OkHttpClient`'s [HttpTransport] + [TermTransport] (injected in `NetworkModule`). The screen's nav
@@ -193,8 +520,12 @@ public fun interface PairingProber {
  * `warmUp()` must have run first (off-`Main`) so the first handshake here doesn't do AndroidKeyStore/Tink
  * I/O on a UI thread.
  */
-public fun pairingProber(http: HttpTransport, ws: TermTransport): PairingProber =
-    PairingProber { endpoint -> runPairingProbe(endpoint, http, ws) }
+public fun pairingProber(
+    http: HttpTransport,
+    ws: TermTransport,
+    tokens: AccessTokenSource = AccessTokenSource.NONE,
+): PairingProber =
+    PairingProber { endpoint -> runPairingProbe(endpoint, http, ws, tokens) }
 
 // ── Warning tiers (plan §5.4) ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
@@ -265,6 +596,11 @@ public sealed interface PairingUiState {
         val name: String,
         val tier: WarningTier,
         val awaitingAck: Boolean = false,
+        /**
+         * Set when the access-token step failed (or the host demands one). The token VALUE is never
+         * carried here — only why it went wrong (§1.1: a secret never enters app state).
+         */
+        val tokenError: TokenError? = null,
     ) : PairingUiState
 
     /** The two-step probe is running against [endpoint]. */
@@ -276,6 +612,27 @@ public sealed interface PairingUiState {
      */
     public data class CertRequired(val endpoint: HostEndpoint, val name: String, val tier: WarningTier) : PairingUiState
 
+    /**
+     * The host is behind the optional `WEBTERM_TOKEN` gate and needs its shared access token before
+     * pairing can continue. [error] is null on the first prompt and set after a failed submit.
+     *
+     * This state deliberately carries NO token field — the credential is a
+     * [PairingViewModel.submitAccessToken] parameter and must not survive the call (plan §8).
+     */
+    public data class TokenRequired(
+        val endpoint: HostEndpoint,
+        val name: String,
+        val tier: WarningTier,
+        val error: TokenError? = null,
+    ) : PairingUiState
+
+    /** A submitted access token is in flight (`POST /auth`). Carries no token, for the same reason. */
+    public data class TokenSubmitting(
+        val endpoint: HostEndpoint,
+        val name: String,
+        val tier: WarningTier,
+    ) : PairingUiState
+
     /** The probe failed; [message] is inert, app-authored copy for [error]. Retryable. */
     public data class Failed(
         val endpoint: HostEndpoint,
@@ -295,19 +652,95 @@ public enum class EntryError {
     INVALID_URL,
 }
 
+/**
+ * Why the access-token step failed. Rendered next to the token field on the confirm step (the typed-token
+ * path) or under the dedicated [PairingUiState.TokenRequired] prompt (the discovered-gate path), so the
+ * user can fix it in place (B5 / ios-completion §1.1).
+ */
+public enum class TokenError {
+    /** The host answered 401 to the probe: it HAS a token configured and we presented none/a wrong one. */
+    REQUIRED,
+
+    /** `POST /auth` → 401: the typed/submitted token is wrong. */
+    INVALID,
+
+    /**
+     * `POST /auth` → **429**: the server's 10/min/IP limiter tripped. ONE case for both entry points —
+     * the typed-token path and the prompt's submit path hit the same limiter on the same route, so two
+     * enum constants with two different strings were the merge keeping both branches' names for one
+     * server answer. Surfaced as-is; the app NEVER auto-retries.
+     */
+    RATE_LIMITED,
+
+    /** The typed token cannot be a server token at all (charset / 16–512 length). No request was sent. */
+    MALFORMED,
+
+    /** `POST /auth` answered something unexpected — the token could not be verified either way. */
+    UNVERIFIABLE,
+
+    /** The host did not answer the submit (or answered unintelligibly) — distinct from a wrong token. */
+    UNREACHABLE,
+
+    /** The app cannot submit a token at all on this seam (a probe-only prober). */
+    UNAVAILABLE,
+
+    /** The token was correct but encrypted on-device storage refused to keep it. */
+    STORE_FAILED,
+}
+
 /** The endpoint+name+tier a probe runs against, recovered from whatever state currently holds one. */
 private data class Candidate(val endpoint: HostEndpoint, val name: String, val tier: WarningTier)
 
+/**
+ * What one pairing attempt wrote to the access-token store, and therefore what has to be put back if the
+ * attempt does not end in [PairingUiState.Paired] (RULE 6). [previous] is what the store held for this
+ * host beforehand — non-null only for a re-pair, whose working token a failed attempt must not cost.
+ */
+private data class TokenAttempt(val stored: Boolean, val previous: String?) {
+    companion object {
+        /** No token was written (none typed, or the host has no auth) — nothing to undo. */
+        val NONE: TokenAttempt = TokenAttempt(stored = false, previous = null)
+    }
+}
+
 private fun PairingUiState.candidate(): Candidate? = when (this) {
     is PairingUiState.Confirming -> Candidate(endpoint, name, tier)
     is PairingUiState.Probing -> Candidate(endpoint, name, tier)
     is PairingUiState.CertRequired -> Candidate(endpoint, name, tier)
+    is PairingUiState.TokenRequired -> Candidate(endpoint, name, tier)
+    is PairingUiState.TokenSubmitting -> Candidate(endpoint, name, tier)
     is PairingUiState.Failed -> Candidate(endpoint, name, tier)
     is PairingUiState.Entry, is PairingUiState.Paired -> null
 }
 
 /** Maps the [PairingError] taxonomy to inert, app-authored Chinese copy (never a server string, §8). */
 internal object PairingCopy {
+    /**
+     * Inert, app-authored copy for each [TokenError]. Never echoes the token itself.
+     *
+     * A wrong token, an unreachable host and a rate-limit read differently on purpose — collapsing them
+     * would tell the user to re-type a token that was fine — and the rate-limit line tells them to WAIT,
+     * because the app never retries by itself.
+     */
+    fun describeToken(error: TokenError): String = when (error) {
+        TokenError.REQUIRED ->
+            "该主机启用了访问令牌（WEBTERM_TOKEN）。请填写访问令牌后再连接。"
+        TokenError.INVALID ->
+            "访问令牌不正确。请核对主机上的 WEBTERM_TOKEN 后重试（区分大小写）。"
+        TokenError.RATE_LIMITED ->
+            "尝试次数过多，主机已暂时限流（每分钟最多 10 次）。请等待约一分钟再试——App 不会自动重试。"
+        TokenError.MALFORMED ->
+            "访问令牌格式不合法：需 16–512 个字符，且只能包含 A–Z a–z 0–9 . _ ~ + / = -。"
+        TokenError.UNVERIFIABLE ->
+            "无法验证访问令牌：服务器返回了意外响应。请确认地址和端口指向 web-terminal。"
+        TokenError.UNREACHABLE ->
+            "提交访问令牌时主机没有正常响应。请检查网络与地址后重试。"
+        TokenError.UNAVAILABLE ->
+            "当前无法提交访问令牌（应用未连上该主机的网络通道）。请返回重试配对。"
+        TokenError.STORE_FAILED ->
+            "无法在本机安全保存访问令牌（加密存储写入失败）。请重试。"
+    }
+
     fun describe(error: PairingError, tier: WarningTier): String = when (error) {
         is PairingError.HostUnreachable ->
             "无法连接到主机。请检查地址、端口，以及设备是否在同一局域网 / Tailscale 网络内。"
@@ -315,12 +748,27 @@ internal object PairingCopy {
             "这个端口在运行别的服务，不是 web-terminal。端口对吗？"
         is PairingError.OriginRejected -> error.hint // already actionable, endpoint-derived
         is PairingError.CleartextBlocked ->
-            "系统阻止了到 ${error.host} 的明文连接。仅局域网 / Tailscale 地址允许 ws:// 明文。"
+            // Two distinct refusals collapse into this one error case (both surface as
+            // UnknownServiceException, which is what `PairingError.classify` keys on):
+            //  1. the PLATFORM's network_security_config, which pins the tunnel apex to TLS because it
+            //     always serves a real LE cert (LAN cleartext itself is permitted — the config format has
+            //     no CIDR syntax, so it could not be scoped to RFC1918);
+            //  2. the app's OWN transport-level cleartext guard (:transport-okhttp
+            //     CleartextNotPermittedException), which is where the CIDR scoping actually happens: a
+            //     plaintext dial to a PUBLIC (or unclassifiable) host is refused before it leaves the
+            //     device. The tier tells the two apart, so each gets copy the user can act on.
+            if (tier == WarningTier.TUNNEL) {
+                "${error.host} 必须使用 https / wss —— 该主机由设备证书保护，不允许降级为明文。"
+            } else {
+                "应用拒绝以明文连接 ${error.host}：http:// 与 ws:// 只允许用于本机、局域网和 Tailscale 地址。" +
+                    "公网主机请改用 https:// / wss://（隧道或 Tailscale）。"
+            }
         PairingError.TlsFailure ->
             // Tunnel hosts present a real LE server cert, so a TLS failure there means OUR client cert
             // is the problem (plan §5.4: "TLS failure re-mapped to client cert invalid/revoked").
             if (tier == WarningTier.TUNNEL) "客户端证书无效或已被吊销。请在“设备证书”里重新导入后再试。"
             else "TLS 握手失败：无法验证服务器证书。"
+        PairingError.AccessTokenRequired -> describeToken(TokenError.REQUIRED)
         PairingError.Timeout ->
             "连接超时。主机可能不可达，或响应过慢。"
     }

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/viewmodels/ProjectDetailViewModel.kt

@@ -4,9 +4,15 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.CancellationException
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asStateFlow
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.CommitLogEntry
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.FetchResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.GitLogResult
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.GitWriteOutcome
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.PrStatus
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.ProjectDetail
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.SyncState
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.WorktreeInfo
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.WorktreeState
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes.ApiClientError
 
 /**
@@ -30,6 +36,16 @@ public class ProjectDetailViewModel(
     private val fetchLog: (suspend () -> GitLogResult)? = null,
     /** Guarded worktree actions bound to this project; null when the gateway isn't wired (tests). */
     public val worktree: WorktreeViewModel? = null,
+    /**
+     * w6/G2 — `POST /projects/git/fetch` for THIS repo. `null` ⇒ the band hides the Fetch action
+     * rather than offering a button that cannot work.
+     */
+    private val fetchRemote: (suspend () -> GitWriteOutcome<FetchResult>)? = null,
+    /**
+     * w6/G7 — `GET /projects/worktree/state?path=` for ONE worktree. `null` ⇒ rows stay unprobed and
+     * show no sync chip, which is the honest rendering of "not known".
+     */
+    private val fetchWorktreeState: (suspend (String) -> WorktreeState)? = null,
 ) {
     /** User-visible failure buckets (copy mapped in `ProjectDetailScreen`). */
     public enum class Failure { PATH_INVALID, NOT_FOUND, UNAVAILABLE }
@@ -57,9 +73,23 @@ public class ProjectDetailViewModel(
         public data object Unavailable : RecentCommits
     }
 
+    /** w6/G2 — the Fetch button's own state. A failure NEVER touches [phase] (failure isolation). */
+    public sealed interface FetchPhase {
+        public data object Idle : FetchPhase
+        public data object Working : FetchPhase
+
+        /** Succeeded; [lastFetchMs] is the server's post-fetch `FETCH_HEAD` mtime (may be null). */
+        public data class Done(val lastFetchMs: Long?) : FetchPhase
+
+        /** Failed (offline / auth / ≥2 remotes). `lastFetchMs` is left untouched so `stale` stays on. */
+        public data class Failed(val message: String) : FetchPhase
+    }
+
     private val _phase = MutableStateFlow<Phase>(Phase.Loading)
     private val _prChip = MutableStateFlow<PrChip>(PrChip.Hidden)
     private val _recentCommits = MutableStateFlow<RecentCommits>(RecentCommits.Hidden)
+    private val _fetchPhase = MutableStateFlow<FetchPhase>(FetchPhase.Idle)
+    private val _worktreeStates = MutableStateFlow<Map<String, WorktreeRowState>>(emptyMap())
 
     /** The main detail snapshot `ProjectDetailScreen` renders from. */
     public val phase: StateFlow<Phase> = _phase.asStateFlow()
@@ -70,6 +100,15 @@ public class ProjectDetailViewModel(
     /** The recent-commits snapshot. */
     public val recentCommits: StateFlow<RecentCommits> = _recentCommits.asStateFlow()
 
+    /** The Fetch action's snapshot (spinner / result banner). */
+    public val fetchPhase: StateFlow<FetchPhase> = _fetchPhase.asStateFlow()
+
+    /** Per-worktree git state, keyed by worktree path. Absent ⇒ unprobed (renders no sync chip). */
+    public val worktreeStates: StateFlow<Map<String, WorktreeRowState>> = _worktreeStates.asStateFlow()
+
+    /** Whether a Fetch seam is wired at all; a detached HEAD is refused by [SyncBand.canFetch]. */
+    public val canFetch: Boolean get() = fetchRemote != null
+
     /**
      * Fetch and present. Also the retry path: callable again after a [Phase.Failed]. On a successful
      * detail load it runs the two side fetches, each failure-isolated (a PR/log failure does not fail
@@ -93,6 +132,72 @@ public class ProjectDetailViewModel(
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * w6/G2 — refresh the remote-tracking refs for this repo (`git fetch --no-tags`: no pull, no
+     * merge, no working-tree change). Rules, all pinned by test:
+     *  - **one at a time** — a tap while [FetchPhase.Working] is DROPPED, never queued;
+     *  - **success re-loads the detail**, because `behind`/`lastFetchMs` only move server-side;
+     *  - **failure changes nothing** — no re-load, no invented `lastFetchMs`, so the band's `stale`
+     *    flag stays on. Marking stale data fresh is the one lie this panel exists to prevent.
+     */
+    public suspend fun fetchUpstream() {
+        val fetcher = fetchRemote ?: return
+        if (_fetchPhase.value == FetchPhase.Working) return
+        _fetchPhase.value = FetchPhase.Working
+        val outcome = try {
+            fetcher()
+        } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+            _fetchPhase.value = FetchPhase.Idle
+            throw cancel
+        } catch (_: Throwable) {
+            _fetchPhase.value = FetchPhase.Failed(GitPanelCopy.FETCH_FAILED)
+            return
+        }
+        when (outcome) {
+            is GitWriteOutcome.Ok -> {
+                _fetchPhase.value = FetchPhase.Done(outcome.payload.lastFetchMs)
+                load() // the numbers this button exists for live server-side — re-read them.
+            }
+            // The server classifies and sanitizes its own failures (SEC-M10), so its message is shown
+            // verbatim; a missing one falls back to local copy. Nothing else changes: `lastFetchMs`
+            // stays where it was, so the band keeps reading "stale" instead of pretending it refreshed.
+            is GitWriteOutcome.Rejected ->
+                _fetchPhase.value = FetchPhase.Failed(outcome.message ?: GitPanelCopy.FETCH_FAILED)
+            GitWriteOutcome.RateLimited ->
+                _fetchPhase.value = FetchPhase.Failed(GitPanelCopy.FETCH_RATE_LIMITED)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * w6/G7 — probe the git state of every worktree OTHER than the current one (the current row reads
+     * the project's own `sync`/`dirtyCount`, already loaded and free).
+     *
+     * Each probe is isolated to its own row: a failure leaves that row unprobed (no chip) and never
+     * touches [phase] or another row. Probed once per opened project, never per refresh tick.
+     */
+    public suspend fun probeWorktrees() {
+        val probe = fetchWorktreeState ?: return
+        val detail = (_phase.value as? Phase.Loaded)?.detail ?: return
+        for (worktree in detail.worktrees) {
+            if (worktree.isCurrent) continue
+            val state = try {
+                probe(worktree.path)
+            } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+                throw cancel
+            } catch (_: Throwable) {
+                continue // isolated: this row stays unprobed, the panel still renders
+            }
+            _worktreeStates.value = _worktreeStates.value + (
+                worktree.path to WorktreeRowState(sync = state.sync, dirtyCount = state.dirtyCount)
+                )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Dismiss the fetch result banner. */
+    public fun clearFetchBanner() {
+        _fetchPhase.value = FetchPhase.Idle
+    }
+
     private suspend fun loadPr() {
         val fetcher = fetchPr ?: return
         _prChip.value = PrChip.Loading
@@ -137,9 +242,218 @@ public class ProjectDetailViewModel(
                 fetchPr = { gateway.projectPr(path) },
                 fetchLog = { gateway.projectLog(path, null) },
                 worktree = worktree,
+                fetchRemote = { gateway.gitFetch(path) },
+                fetchWorktreeState = { gateway.worktreeState(it) },
             )
             self = vm
             return vm
         }
     }
 }
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// w6 — the git panel's pure presentation core (port of public/projects.ts `makeSyncBand` /
+// `makeWorktreeRow` + public/git-log.ts `renderGitLog`; design: docs/mockups/project-detail-git.html).
+// Pure and JVM-tested; the Compose layer only paints what these return.
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/** [GitLogResult.boundaryIndex] when there is no pushed/unpushed boundary to draw. */
+public const val NO_COMMIT_BOUNDARY: Int = -1
+
+/**
+ * The header sync band, as one of three mutually exclusive shapes.
+ *
+ * **The rule the type exists to enforce: exactly ONE shape may ever answer [isAllClear] true** —
+ * [Tracking] with `ahead == 0 && behind == 0` and a fetch inside [SyncState.FETCH_FRESH_WINDOW_MS].
+ * Green here means
+ * "I checked, ignore this", so [Detached] and [NoUpstream] cannot reach it by construction: absent
+ * numbers are not zeros.
+ */
+public sealed interface SyncBand {
+    /** True for the single green "all clear" state and nothing else. */
+    public val isAllClear: Boolean
+
+    /** `git fetch` is meaningless without a branch, so a detached HEAD disables the button. */
+    public val canFetch: Boolean get() = this !is Detached
+
+    /** HEAD is detached: show the short sha, no branch, no ↑↓. */
+    public data class Detached(val head: String?) : SyncBand {
+        override val isAllClear: Boolean get() = false
+    }
+
+    /** The branch tracks nothing — stated explicitly, in words as well as colour. */
+    public data object NoUpstream : SyncBand {
+        override val isAllClear: Boolean get() = false
+    }
+
+    /** Tracking [upstream]: ↑[ahead] is fact, ↓[behind] is only as fresh as [lastFetchMs]. */
+    public data class Tracking(
+        val upstream: String,
+        val ahead: Int,
+        val behind: Int,
+        /** `FETCH_HEAD` older than [SyncState.FETCH_FRESH_WINDOW_MS] (or never) ⇒ [behind] is a guess. */
+        val isStale: Boolean,
+        val lastFetchMs: Long?,
+    ) : SyncBand {
+        override val isAllClear: Boolean get() = ahead == 0 && behind == 0 && !isStale
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Derive the header band. `null` facts (a non-git project) ⇒ `null` — say nothing rather than guess.
+ * [head] is the short HEAD sha shown on a detached HEAD.
+ */
+public fun syncBandOf(
+    sync: SyncState?,
+    head: String? = null,
+    nowMs: Long = System.currentTimeMillis(),
+): SyncBand? {
+    if (sync == null) return null
+    if (sync.detached) return SyncBand.Detached(head)
+    // A blank upstream is treated as none: the server should never send one, and "" would otherwise
+    // label the commit boundary with an empty string and unlock the green path.
+    val upstream = sync.upstream?.trim()?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() } ?: return SyncBand.NoUpstream
+    return SyncBand.Tracking(
+        upstream = upstream,
+        ahead = sync.ahead ?: 0,
+        behind = sync.behind ?: 0,
+        isStale = !sync.isFetchFresh(nowMs),
+        lastFetchMs = sync.lastFetchMs,
+    )
+}
+
+/**
+ * The header's uncommitted-changes chip, or null when clean/unknown. A count is strictly better than
+ * a bare dot (`● 3 未提交` answers "how much?"), so it wins whenever the server sent one; `dirty`
+ * alone falls back to the countless chip (mirror of public/projects.ts:1254-1258).
+ */
+public fun headerDirtyChip(dirtyCount: Int?, dirty: Boolean?): String? = when {
+    dirtyCount != null && dirtyCount > 0 -> GitPanelCopy.dirtyChip(dirtyCount)
+    dirtyCount == null && dirty == true -> GitPanelCopy.DIRTY_NO_COUNT
+    else -> null
+}
+
+// ── Commit list: unpushed marking + ONE upstream boundary ────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * The label for the pushed/unpushed boundary, or null when NO boundary may be drawn.
+ *
+ * A blank upstream counts as absent: an empty label would be a boundary claiming a position on the
+ * timeline without naming what it is the position OF.
+ */
+public fun GitLogResult.boundaryLabel(): String? = upstream?.trim()?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
+
+/**
+ * The row index the boundary is drawn AFTER — exactly once — or [NO_COMMIT_BOUNDARY].
+ *
+ * It is the LAST marked row, not "the first N rows": `git log` is date-ordered and a merge of an older
+ * branch interleaves unpushed commits BELOW pushed ones, so a row-count rule fails in the dangerous
+ * direction (calling an unpushed commit pushed). Marking itself is a SERVER decision
+ * ([GitLogResult.upstreamBoundaryIndex] reads `unpushed`, honoured only when strictly `true`) because
+ * `git log`'s `%h` is abbreviated while `rev-list` yields full SHAs.
+ */
+public fun GitLogResult.boundaryIndex(): Int =
+    if (boundaryLabel() == null) NO_COMMIT_BOUNDARY else upstreamBoundaryIndex ?: NO_COMMIT_BOUNDARY
+
+/** Whether this row draws the "not pushed yet" rail: only an explicit `true` counts. */
+public fun CommitLogEntry.isUnpushed(): Boolean = unpushed == true
+
+// ── Worktree rows ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/** Chip colour role. [OK] is the green all-clear and is reserved for the header band's in-sync chip. */
+public enum class GitChipTone { NEUTRAL, ACCENT, WARN, DIRTY, OK }
+
+/** One inert chip on a worktree row. */
+public data class WorktreeChip(val label: String, val tone: GitChipTone)
+
+/**
+ * Per-row git state (w6/G7 — probed per worktree). Absent means UNPROBED, and an unprobed row shows
+ * no chip at all rather than a guess.
+ */
+public data class WorktreeRowState(
+    val sync: SyncState? = null,
+    val dirtyCount: Int? = null,
+    /** Live sessions whose cwd sits inside this worktree. */
+    val sessionCount: Int = 0,
+)
+
+/**
+ * The chips for one worktree row, in the shipped order: main · current · locked · prunable · sync ·
+ * dirty (mirror of public/projects.ts `makeWorktreeRow`).
+ *
+ * Deliberately NO green chip here: a worktree row cannot earn the all-clear, because the only state
+ * that may read green needs a fresh fetch, and "no upstream" — the normal state of a fresh worktree
+ * branch — must read as a warning instead.
+ */
+public fun worktreeChips(worktree: WorktreeInfo, state: WorktreeRowState? = null): List<WorktreeChip> {
+    val chips = ArrayList<WorktreeChip>(6)
+    if (worktree.isMain) chips += WorktreeChip(GitPanelCopy.MAIN_CHIP, GitChipTone.NEUTRAL)
+    if (worktree.isCurrent) chips += WorktreeChip(GitPanelCopy.CURRENT_CHIP, GitChipTone.ACCENT)
+    if (worktree.locked == true) chips += WorktreeChip(GitPanelCopy.LOCKED_CHIP, GitChipTone.NEUTRAL)
+    if (worktree.prunable == true) chips += WorktreeChip(GitPanelCopy.PRUNABLE_CHIP, GitChipTone.WARN)
+    val sync = state?.sync
+    if (sync != null) {
+        val ahead = sync.ahead ?: 0
+        when {
+            sync.detached -> chips += WorktreeChip(GitPanelCopy.DETACHED_CHIP_SHORT, GitChipTone.WARN)
+            sync.upstream.isNullOrBlank() ->
+                chips += WorktreeChip(GitPanelCopy.NO_UPSTREAM_CHIP, GitChipTone.WARN)
+            ahead > 0 -> chips += WorktreeChip(GitPanelCopy.aheadChip(ahead), GitChipTone.ACCENT)
+        }
+    }
+    val dirtyCount = state?.dirtyCount ?: 0
+    if (dirtyCount > 0) chips += WorktreeChip(GitPanelCopy.dirtyCountChip(dirtyCount), GitChipTone.DIRTY)
+    return chips
+}
+
+/** User-visible copy for the git panel. Local UI text — no wire contract depends on these strings. */
+public object GitPanelCopy {
+    // Sync band
+    public const val UPSTREAM_CAPTION: String = "Upstream"
+    public const val TO_PUSH_CAPTION: String = "待推送"
+    public const val TO_PULL_CAPTION: String = "待拉取"
+    public const val HEAD_CAPTION: String = "HEAD"
+    public const val NO_UPSTREAM_CHIP: String = "无 upstream"
+    public const val NO_UPSTREAM_NOTE: String = "该分支没有跟踪上游 —— 没有可报告的 ↑↓"
+    public const val DETACHED_CHIP: String = "detached HEAD"
+    public const val DETACHED_CHIP_SHORT: String = "detached"
+    public const val IN_SYNC_CHIP: String = "✓ 已同步"
+    public const val STALE_CHIP: String = "存疑"
+    public const val NEVER_FETCHED_NOTE: String = "从未 fetch —— 这个数字不可信"
+    public const val STALE_NOTE: String = "上次 fetch 已超过一小时 —— 这个数字不可信"
+    public const val UP_TO_DATE_NOTE: String = "与远端一致"
+    public const val WAITING_ON_REMOTE_NOTE: String = "远端有新提交"
+    public const val NOTHING_TO_PUSH_NOTE: String = "没有待推送的提交"
+    public const val DIRTY_NO_COUNT: String = "● 未提交"
+
+    // Fetch
+    public const val FETCH: String = "Fetch"
+    public const val FETCH_WORKING: String = "正在 fetch…"
+    public const val FETCH_DONE: String = "已刷新远端引用（未 pull、未 merge）"
+    public const val FETCH_FAILED: String = "fetch 失败，远端状态仍是上次的数据。"
+    public const val FETCH_RATE_LIMITED: String = "fetch 太频繁，请稍后再试。"
+    public const val FETCH_DISABLED_DETACHED: String = "HEAD 游离，无法 fetch"
+
+    // Commit list
+    public const val RECENT_COMMITS: String = "最近提交"
+    public const val UNPUSHED_MARK: String = "↑"
+
+    // Worktrees
+    public const val MAIN_CHIP: String = "main"
+    public const val CURRENT_CHIP: String = "当前"
+    public const val LOCKED_CHIP: String = "locked"
+    public const val PRUNABLE_CHIP: String = "prunable"
+
+    /** ALWAYS "Worktrees (n)" — one worktree per session means the count is the point, and a section
+     *  that renames itself at n=1 hides the whole model (w6/G5). */
+    public fun worktreesTitle(count: Int): String = "Worktrees ($count)"
+
+    public fun dirtyChip(count: Int): String = "● $count 未提交"
+    public fun dirtyCountChip(count: Int): String = "● $count"
+    public fun aheadChip(count: Int): String = "↑ $count"
+    public fun behindChip(count: Int): String = "↓ $count"
+    public fun unpushedBadge(count: Int): String = "↑ $count 未推送"
+    public fun aheadNote(count: Int): String = "$count 个提交只在本机"
+    public fun sessionCount(count: Int): String = "● $count session"
+    public fun truncatedNote(count: Int): String = "只显示最近 $count 条提交。"
+}

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/viewmodels/ProjectsViewModel.kt

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.update
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.CreateWorktreeResult
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.FetchResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.GitLogResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.GitWriteOutcome
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.PrStatus
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.ProjectInfo
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.PruneWorktreesResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.RemoveWorktreeResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.UiPrefs
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.WorktreeState
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes.ApiClient
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes.ApiClientError
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.Validation
@@ -418,6 +420,18 @@ public interface ProjectsGateway {
     public suspend fun projectPr(path: String): PrStatus
     public suspend fun projectLog(path: String, n: Int? = null): GitLogResult
 
+    /**
+     * w6/G7 — one worktree's git state. Its own call (not part of `projectDetail`) so N rows do not
+     * each pay for a worktree listing and a CLAUDE.md read.
+     */
+    public suspend fun worktreeState(worktreePath: String): WorktreeState
+
+    /**
+     * w6/G2 — refresh remote-tracking refs (no pull, no merge). GUARDED like the other git writes:
+     * the server derives the remote itself and never accepts one from the client.
+     */
+    public suspend fun gitFetch(path: String): GitWriteOutcome<FetchResult>
+
     // ── W5: guarded worktree write ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
     public suspend fun createWorktree(path: String, branch: String, base: String?): GitWriteOutcome<CreateWorktreeResult>
     public suspend fun removeWorktree(path: String, worktreePath: String, force: Boolean): GitWriteOutcome<RemoveWorktreeResult>
@@ -432,6 +446,8 @@ public class ApiClientProjectsGateway(private val api: ApiClient) : ProjectsGate
     override suspend fun projectDetail(path: String): ProjectDetail = api.projectDetail(path)
     override suspend fun projectPr(path: String): PrStatus = api.projectPr(path)
     override suspend fun projectLog(path: String, n: Int?): GitLogResult = api.projectLog(path, n)
+    override suspend fun worktreeState(worktreePath: String): WorktreeState = api.worktreeState(worktreePath)
+    override suspend fun gitFetch(path: String): GitWriteOutcome<FetchResult> = api.gitFetch(path)
     override suspend fun createWorktree(path: String, branch: String, base: String?): GitWriteOutcome<CreateWorktreeResult> =
         api.createWorktree(path, branch, base)
 

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/viewmodels/QueueViewModel.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels
+
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CancellationException
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineDispatcher
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asStateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.update
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.QueueSnapshot
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.QueueWriteOutcome
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes.ApiClient
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes.ApiClientError
+import java.util.UUID
+
+/**
+ * # QueueViewModel (W2) — the follow-up prompt queue presenter.
+ *
+ * Drives the three server routes (`POST` / `GET` / `DELETE /live-sessions/:id/queue`) behind the
+ * [QueueGateway] seam: queue a prompt Claude will be handed the next time it goes idle, review what is
+ * pending, and cancel everything. Ports the web client's `public/queue.ts` affordance.
+ *
+ * ### The queued text is raw shell input (invariant #9 / byte-shuttle)
+ * [enqueue] passes [text] to the gateway **verbatim** — no trim, no normalisation, no case folding, and
+ * **never a client-side `\r`**. `appendEnter` stays a FLAG so the SERVER materialises the carriage
+ * return, byte-identical to a keystroke. The only refusal is a genuinely EMPTY string (mirroring
+ * [ApiClientError.QueueTextEmpty], raised before any I/O); a whitespace-only prompt is legitimate shell
+ * input and is sent as-is.
+ *
+ * ### The depth is always the server's number
+ * [QueueUiState.depth] is only ever assigned from an authoritative source — a write's
+ * [QueueWriteOutcome.Ok.length], a [refresh] snapshot, or the live `queue` WS frame ([onServerDepth]).
+ * Nothing here increments a local counter, so the badge can never drift from the FIFO the server holds.
+ *
+ * ### Failure honesty (no auto-retry, ever)
+ * Each [QueueWriteOutcome] maps to its own [QueueNotice] and the pass STOPS there:
+ *  - [QueueNotice.RateLimited] (429, the shared 20/min/IP bucket) is **shown, never retried** — a retry
+ *    loop only burns the budget a real enqueue needs;
+ *  - [QueueNotice.Disabled] (503, `QUEUE_ENABLED=0`) additionally clears [QueueUiState.isSupported], so
+ *    the affordance disappears for this host instead of failing over and over;
+ *  - [QueueNotice.Full] / [QueueNotice.TooLarge] / [QueueNotice.SessionGone] are actionable states, and
+ *    [QueueNotice.Rejected] carries the server's own already-sanitized `error` string, rendered INERT.
+ * A transport throw becomes [QueueNotice.Unreachable] and the last-good queue is kept — a network blip
+ * must not make the panel claim the queue is empty.
+ *
+ * ### Testability
+ * A plain presenter (not an `androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel`) so every branch runs under `runTest` with no
+ * `Dispatchers.Main`/Robolectric. Its Compose surface ([wang.yaojia.webterm.components.QueuePanel]) is
+ * device-QA (plan §7).
+ */
+public class QueueViewModel(private val gateway: QueueGateway) {
+
+    private val _uiState = MutableStateFlow(QueueUiState())
+
+    /** The single snapshot the queue panel + depth badge render from. */
+    public val uiState: StateFlow<QueueUiState> = _uiState.asStateFlow()
+
+    /**
+     * `GET /live-sessions/:id/queue` — the pending depth plus the queued prompts (verbatim), for the
+     * "review before cancelling" panel. Read-only and safe to call on every panel open.
+     */
+    public suspend fun refresh(sessionId: UUID) {
+        _uiState.update { it.copy(isBusy = true) }
+        val snapshot = try {
+            gateway.snapshot(sessionId)
+        } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+            _uiState.update { it.copy(isBusy = false) }
+            throw cancel
+        } catch (error: Throwable) {
+            _uiState.update { it.copy(isBusy = false, notice = noticeFor(error)) }
+            return
+        }
+        publish(snapshot)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * `POST /live-sessions/:id/queue` — queue [text] VERBATIM. An empty [text] is refused locally (no
+     * network I/O), matching the server's own 400 and [ApiClientError.QueueTextEmpty]; the size cap is
+     * deliberately NOT pre-checked here (it is server config the client cannot know) and surfaces as
+     * [QueueNotice.TooLarge].
+     *
+     * @param appendEnter leave `true` so the SERVER appends the `\r`; never pre-append one.
+     */
+    public suspend fun enqueue(sessionId: UUID, text: String, appendEnter: Boolean = true) {
+        if (!canSend(text)) return
+        write { gateway.enqueue(sessionId, text, appendEnter) }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * `DELETE /live-sessions/:id/queue` — cancel EVERY pending entry. There is no per-item cancel on the
+     * server, so the panel must not pretend to offer one.
+     */
+    public suspend fun clearAll(sessionId: UUID) {
+        write { gateway.clear(sessionId) }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The live `queue` WS frame ([wang.yaojia.webterm.session.Queued]) — the server's authoritative
+     * depth. A positive depth that no longer matches the cached [QueueUiState.items] marks them STALE
+     * (the panel then re-reads rather than showing a list that contradicts the badge); a zero depth is
+     * unambiguous and empties the list outright.
+     */
+    public fun onServerDepth(length: Int) {
+        val depth = length.coerceAtLeast(0)
+        _uiState.update { state ->
+            if (depth == 0) {
+                state.copy(depth = 0, items = emptyList(), isItemsStale = false)
+            } else {
+                state.copy(depth = depth, isItemsStale = depth != state.items.size)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Dismiss the current [QueueNotice]; the queue contents and depth are untouched. */
+    public fun dismissNotice() {
+        _uiState.update { it.copy(notice = null) }
+    }
+
+    // ── Internals ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /** Shared body of the two guarded writes: busy flag → one attempt → typed outcome → NO retry. */
+    private suspend fun write(attempt: suspend () -> QueueWriteOutcome) {
+        _uiState.update { it.copy(isBusy = true, notice = null) }
+        val outcome = try {
+            attempt()
+        } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+            _uiState.update { it.copy(isBusy = false) }
+            throw cancel
+        } catch (error: Throwable) {
+            _uiState.update { it.copy(isBusy = false, notice = noticeFor(error)) }
+            return
+        }
+        apply(outcome)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fold one write outcome into the state. On success the depth is the server's number and the cached
+     * item list is re-read lazily (marked stale unless the queue is now empty).
+     */
+    private fun apply(outcome: QueueWriteOutcome) {
+        when (outcome) {
+            is QueueWriteOutcome.Ok -> {
+                onServerDepth(outcome.length)
+                _uiState.update { it.copy(isBusy = false, notice = null) }
+            }
+
+            QueueWriteOutcome.Full -> fail(QueueNotice.Full)
+            QueueWriteOutcome.TooLarge -> fail(QueueNotice.TooLarge)
+            QueueWriteOutcome.SessionGone -> fail(QueueNotice.SessionGone)
+            QueueWriteOutcome.RateLimited -> fail(QueueNotice.RateLimited)
+            QueueWriteOutcome.Disabled -> {
+                // A capability answer, not a transient failure: stop offering the affordance on this host.
+                _uiState.update { it.copy(isBusy = false, isSupported = false, notice = QueueNotice.Disabled) }
+            }
+
+            is QueueWriteOutcome.Rejected -> fail(QueueNotice.Rejected(outcome.message))
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun fail(notice: QueueNotice) {
+        _uiState.update { it.copy(isBusy = false, notice = notice) }
+    }
+
+    private fun publish(snapshot: QueueSnapshot) {
+        _uiState.update {
+            it.copy(
+                depth = snapshot.length.coerceAtLeast(0),
+                items = snapshot.items,
+                isBusy = false,
+                isItemsStale = false,
+                notice = null,
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** A thrown failure → its notice. A 404 is a real state; everything else is "could not reach". */
+    private fun noticeFor(error: Throwable): QueueNotice = when (error) {
+        is ApiClientError.SessionNotFound -> QueueNotice.SessionGone
+        else -> QueueNotice.Unreachable
+    }
+
+    public companion object {
+        /**
+         * May [text] be sent? Only EMPTY is refused — whitespace is legitimate keyboard input for a
+         * shell, so trimming here would silently change what the user typed (invariant #9).
+         */
+        public fun canSend(text: String): Boolean = text.isNotEmpty()
+    }
+}
+
+/** The queue panel + badge snapshot. [items] is empty when nothing is queued OR nothing was read yet. */
+public data class QueueUiState(
+    /** The server's pending depth — the "N queued" badge number. Never locally incremented. */
+    val depth: Int = 0,
+    /** The queued prompts in FIFO order, VERBATIM (rendered inert — untrusted round-tripped text). */
+    val items: List<String> = emptyList(),
+    /** A write/read is in flight (the send + cancel buttons disable). */
+    val isBusy: Boolean = false,
+    /** False after a 503 — the host has `QUEUE_ENABLED=0`, so hide the affordance entirely. */
+    val isSupported: Boolean = true,
+    /** [items] no longer matches [depth] (a live frame moved the queue) — re-read before trusting it. */
+    val isItemsStale: Boolean = false,
+    /** The last failure to report, or null. */
+    val notice: QueueNotice? = null,
+)
+
+/**
+ * What went wrong on the last queue operation. Typed (not a status code) because each one demands
+ * different UI behaviour; [Rejected] carries the server's own sanitized `error` string, which must be
+ * rendered INERT (plain text, no linkify/markdown — plan §8).
+ */
+public sealed interface QueueNotice {
+    /** 409 — the bounded FIFO is at `QUEUE_MAX_ITEMS`; cancel something first. */
+    public data object Full : QueueNotice
+
+    /** 413 — over the server's per-item byte cap. */
+    public data object TooLarge : QueueNotice
+
+    /** 503 — the queue is switched off on this host. */
+    public data object Disabled : QueueNotice
+
+    /** 404 — the session exited or was killed. */
+    public data object SessionGone : QueueNotice
+
+    /** 429 — the shared 20/min/IP bucket. Shown and NEVER auto-retried. */
+    public data object RateLimited : QueueNotice
+
+    /** A transport failure / unparseable body — the queue state is unknown, the last-good view is kept. */
+    public data object Unreachable : QueueNotice
+
+    /** Any other 4xx/5xx, with the server's inert message (null when the body was empty). */
+    public data class Rejected(val message: String?) : QueueNotice
+}
+
+/**
+ * The three queue routes as a seam, so [QueueViewModel] is JVM-testable with no transport. Production is
+ * [ApiClientQueueGateway] over the per-host [ApiClient]; tests script outcomes.
+ */
+public interface QueueGateway {
+    /** `GET /live-sessions/:id/queue` — depth + the queued prompts. Throws for 404 / a garbled body. */
+    public suspend fun snapshot(id: UUID): QueueSnapshot
+
+    /** `POST /live-sessions/:id/queue` — [text] passed through VERBATIM. */
+    public suspend fun enqueue(id: UUID, text: String, appendEnter: Boolean): QueueWriteOutcome
+
+    /** `DELETE /live-sessions/:id/queue` — cancel-all (there is no per-item cancel). */
+    public suspend fun clear(id: UUID): QueueWriteOutcome
+}
+
+/**
+ * Production [QueueGateway] over one host's [ApiClient] (which stamps `Origin` on the two writes).
+ *
+ * [api] is a SUPPLIER and every call hops to [ioDispatcher], for the reason `ApiClientFactory` documents:
+ * resolving the shared `HttpTransport` builds the mTLS `OkHttpClient` (AndroidKeyStore + Tink reads), and
+ * this gateway is driven from a Composable's `rememberCoroutineScope()` — i.e. from `Main`. Building the
+ * gateway therefore stays free, and no keystore work can land on the UI thread.
+ */
+public class ApiClientQueueGateway(
+    private val api: () -> ApiClient,
+    private val ioDispatcher: CoroutineDispatcher = Dispatchers.IO,
+) : QueueGateway {
+    override suspend fun snapshot(id: UUID): QueueSnapshot = withContext(ioDispatcher) { api().queue(id) }
+
+    override suspend fun enqueue(id: UUID, text: String, appendEnter: Boolean): QueueWriteOutcome =
+        withContext(ioDispatcher) { api().enqueueFollowup(id, text, appendEnter) }
+
+    override suspend fun clear(id: UUID): QueueWriteOutcome = withContext(ioDispatcher) { api().clearQueue(id) }
+}

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/viewmodels/SessionListViewModel.kt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes.ApiClientError
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.DisplayStatus
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.Host
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.HostStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.SessionWatermarkStore
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.TitleSanitizer
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.UnreadLedger
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.Tunables
@@ -25,9 +26,16 @@ import kotlin.time.Duration
  *
  * Folds `GET /live-sessions` for the ACTIVE host into a single [collectAsStateWithLifecycle-friendly]
  * [uiState] snapshot of [SessionRow]s (status badge · telemetry · thumbnail key · cols×rows · sanitized
- * title · unread dot), and owns the four list actions: STARTED-scoped [poll], [refresh]
- * (pull-to-refresh), [selectHost] (multi-host switch), [markSeen] (clear a dot on open) and [killSession]
- * (optimistic swipe-to-kill). Ports the iOS session-list surface.
+ * title · unread dot · W2 queue depth), and owns the list actions: STARTED-scoped [poll], [refresh]
+ * (pull-to-refresh), [selectHost] (multi-host switch), [markSeen] (clear a dot on open), [killSession]
+ * (optimistic swipe-to-kill) and [removeActiveHost] (the confirm-gated un-pair). Ports the iOS
+ * session-list surface.
+ *
+ * ### The unread dot is DURABLE
+ * Watermarks live behind [UnreadWatermarkStore]; production binds [PersistedUnreadWatermarkStore] over
+ * `:host-registry`'s DataStore store, so the dot survives process death — exactly when it matters, the
+ * product premise being "walk away and come back". The reducer stays in `UnreadLedger` (`:session-core`):
+ * this VM only decides WHERE a watermark lives, never how one is computed.
  *
  * ### Untrusted server boundary (plan §4 / §8)
  * The list decodes tolerantly inside [ApiClient] (malformed entries dropped, unknown `status` →
@@ -45,14 +53,16 @@ import kotlin.time.Duration
  * ### Testability
  * A plain presenter (not an `androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel`) so it runs under `runTest` virtual time with
  * no `Dispatchers.Main`/Robolectric. Its collaborators are seams ([SessionListGatewayFactory],
- * [UnreadWatermarkStore]) so the fetch→row mapping, unread-dot logic and optimistic-kill path are all
- * JVM-tested; swipe/thumbnail/pull gestures are device-QA (plan §7).
+ * [UnreadWatermarkStore], [HostRemovalGateway]) so the fetch→row mapping, unread-dot logic,
+ * optimistic-kill path and the all-or-nothing un-pair are all JVM-tested; swipe/thumbnail/pull gestures
+ * are device-QA (plan §7).
  */
 public class SessionListViewModel(
     private val hostStore: HostStore,
     private val gatewayFactory: SessionListGatewayFactory,
-    private val watermarkStore: UnreadWatermarkStore = InMemoryUnreadWatermarkStore(),
+    watermarkStore: UnreadWatermarkStore? = null,
     private val pollInterval: Duration = Tunables.LIST_POLL_INTERVAL,
+    removalGateway: HostRemovalGateway? = null,
 ) {
     private val _uiState = MutableStateFlow(SessionListUiState())
 
@@ -68,10 +78,59 @@ public class SessionListViewModel(
     /** The active host id; sticky across polls, defaults to the first host until the user switches. */
     private var activeHostId: String? = null
 
-    /** Local unread watermarks (persisted through [watermarkStore]); loaded once, lazily. */
+    /** Local unread watermarks (persisted through [watermarks]); loaded once, lazily. */
     private var ledger: UnreadLedger = UnreadLedger()
     private var ledgerLoaded = false
 
+    /**
+     * Where the watermarks live. Defaults to memory-only so a test/preview needs no storage; production
+     * installs the DataStore-backed [PersistedUnreadWatermarkStore] via [useWatermarkStore].
+     */
+    private var watermarks: UnreadWatermarkStore = watermarkStore ?: InMemoryUnreadWatermarkStore()
+
+    /** True when the store came from the constructor — [useWatermarkStore] must never override it. */
+    private var watermarkStoreInstalled: Boolean = watermarkStore != null
+
+    /** Un-pairing collaborator, installable post-construction for the same reason as [watermarks]. */
+    private var removal: HostRemovalGateway? = removalGateway
+    private var removalInstalled: Boolean = removalGateway != null
+
+    // ── Why the two collaborators above are installable AFTER construction ───────────────────────
+    // Both are app-scoped Hilt singletons, but this VM is constructed by the nav layer, which does not
+    // reach the Hilt graph; the SCREEN does (`SessionListScreen` resolves them through a Hilt
+    // `@EntryPoint` — the same escape hatch `TerminalScreen` already uses for its palette store).
+    // Constructor injection remains the preferred wiring and always WINS: passing either one makes the
+    // matching installer a no-op, so a test (or a future nav-side wiring) is never overridden.
+
+    /**
+     * Install the DURABLE watermark store, ONCE, before the ledger is first read.
+     *
+     * Refused (returning false, changing nothing) when a store is already installed OR the ledger has
+     * already been loaded — swapping stores mid-flight could resurrect watermarks the live ledger already
+     * dropped, or silently discard a `markSeen` that was persisted elsewhere.
+     *
+     * @return true when [store] became this VM's watermark home.
+     */
+    public fun useWatermarkStore(store: UnreadWatermarkStore): Boolean {
+        if (watermarkStoreInstalled || ledgerLoaded) return false
+        watermarks = store
+        watermarkStoreInstalled = true
+        return true
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Install the host-removal collaborator, ONCE. Without it [removeActiveHost] is a no-op (which is the
+     * correct behaviour for a preview/test that has no way to un-pair anything).
+     *
+     * @return true when [gateway] became this VM's removal path.
+     */
+    public fun useRemovalGateway(gateway: HostRemovalGateway): Boolean {
+        if (removalInstalled) return false
+        removal = gateway
+        removalInstalled = true
+        return true
+    }
+
     /**
      * STARTED-scoped poll loop (plan §6.6): fetch the active host's list, wait [pollInterval], repeat.
      * Cancellation (app backgrounded) stops it cleanly. Run inside `repeatOnLifecycle(STARTED)`.
@@ -107,7 +166,7 @@ public class SessionListViewModel(
         val row = _uiState.value.rows.firstOrNull { it.id == sessionId } ?: return
         val at = row.info.lastOutputAt ?: return
         ledger = ledger.record(sessionId.toString(), at)
-        runCatching { watermarkStore.save(ledger) }
+        runCatching { watermarks.save(ledger) }
         _uiState.update { it.copy(rows = it.rows.map { r -> r.withUnread(ledger) }) }
     }
 
@@ -134,6 +193,46 @@ public class SessionListViewModel(
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Un-pair the ACTIVE host: hand it (and the session ids currently listed for it) to the
+     * [HostRemovalGateway], which is the ONE place that erases every trace keyed off that host —
+     * the push registration on the host itself (`DELETE /push/fcm-token`, otherwise the phone keeps
+     * receiving notifications for a host the user dropped), the paired record, the last-session pointer,
+     * the `webterm_auth` cookie, and those sessions' unread watermarks.
+     *
+     * Only the ACTIVE host is removable, because the live session ids — and therefore the watermarks to
+     * drop — are only known for the host currently listed. Switching first is one tap.
+     *
+     * ALL-OR-NOTHING at the UI level: a failure leaves the host exactly where it was and raises
+     * [SessionListUiState.hasRemoveError], because a half-removed host is worse than none. On success the
+     * list re-fetches, so the active host re-resolves to a survivor (or the empty pair-a-host state).
+     */
+    public suspend fun removeActiveHost() {
+        val gateway = removal ?: return
+        val hostId = activeHostId ?: return
+        if (!hostsById.containsKey(hostId)) return
+        val sessionIds = _uiState.value.rows.map { it.id.toString() }
+
+        try {
+            gateway.removeHost(hostId, sessionIds)
+        } catch (e: CancellationException) {
+            throw e
+        } catch (_: Throwable) {
+            _uiState.update { it.copy(hasRemoveError = true) }
+            return
+        }
+        // Forget the pointer so the next fetch resolves the first SURVIVING host instead of re-selecting
+        // a host that no longer exists.
+        activeHostId = null
+        _uiState.update { it.copy(hasRemoveError = false) }
+        fetch(markRefreshing = true)
+    }
+
+    /** Dismiss the removal-failure banner (the host is still paired; nothing else changed). */
+    public fun dismissRemoveError() {
+        _uiState.update { it.copy(hasRemoveError = false) }
+    }
+
     // ── Internals ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
     private suspend fun fetch(markRefreshing: Boolean) {
@@ -202,7 +301,7 @@ public class SessionListViewModel(
 
     private suspend fun ensureLedgerLoaded() {
         if (ledgerLoaded) return
-        ledger = runCatching { watermarkStore.load() }.getOrDefault(UnreadLedger())
+        ledger = runCatching { watermarks.load() }.getOrDefault(UnreadLedger())
         ledgerLoaded = true
     }
 }
@@ -234,6 +333,11 @@ public data class SessionListUiState(
     val isRefreshing: Boolean = false,
     /** The last fetch failed (transport error) — the screen shows an inline retry, rows kept as-is. */
     val hasLoadError: Boolean = false,
+    /**
+     * The last host removal failed, so the host is STILL paired (all-or-nothing). The screen shows an
+     * inline notice; nothing was partially erased.
+     */
+    val hasRemoveError: Boolean = false,
 )
 
 /**
@@ -299,7 +403,7 @@ public interface UnreadWatermarkStore {
     public suspend fun save(ledger: UnreadLedger)
 }
 
-/** In-memory [UnreadWatermarkStore] (default). Watermarks live for the process only until DataStore lands. */
+/** In-memory [UnreadWatermarkStore] — the test/preview double. Watermarks live for the process only. */
 public class InMemoryUnreadWatermarkStore(initial: UnreadLedger = UnreadLedger()) : UnreadWatermarkStore {
     @Volatile private var current: UnreadLedger = initial
     override suspend fun load(): UnreadLedger = current
@@ -307,3 +411,46 @@ public class InMemoryUnreadWatermarkStore(initial: UnreadLedger = UnreadLedger()
         current = ledger
     }
 }
+
+/**
+ * The PRODUCTION [UnreadWatermarkStore]: the ledger-typed seam bridged onto `:host-registry`'s
+ * DataStore-backed [SessionWatermarkStore], so the unread dot survives process death (the whole point —
+ * the product premise is walking away and coming back).
+ *
+ * The two halves are deliberately typed differently and this adapter is the ONLY join:
+ *  - [UnreadLedger] (`:session-core`) owns the *reducer* — the monotonic `record`, the `isUnread`
+ *    comparison, the tie-broken cap;
+ *  - [SessionWatermarkStore] (`:host-registry`) owns *storage* — validation of ids at rest, the growth
+ *    cap, the JSON blob.
+ * `:host-registry` may not depend on `:session-core` (nothing points sideways), so neither restates the
+ * other; `:app` is the one module that sees both. Nothing about the reducer is reimplemented here.
+ *
+ * The store applies its own sanitize+cap pass, so [load] can legitimately return FEWER watermarks than
+ * [save] was given (an invalid id at rest is dropped). That is the correct behaviour, not a bug: the
+ * ledger simply treats a dropped session as never-seen.
+ */
+public class PersistedUnreadWatermarkStore(
+    private val store: SessionWatermarkStore,
+) : UnreadWatermarkStore {
+    override suspend fun load(): UnreadLedger = UnreadLedger(store.loadAll())
+
+    override suspend fun save(ledger: UnreadLedger) {
+        store.replaceAll(ledger.watermarks)
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Un-pairing a host, as ONE operation (plan §8 — a half-removed host is worse than none).
+ *
+ * A single seam rather than five calls from the ViewModel, because the steps span four modules
+ * (`:api-client` push DELETE, `:host-registry` host/last-session/cookie/watermark stores,
+ * `:transport-okhttp`'s live cookie jar) and the VM must stay JVM-testable with no transport.
+ * Production is `HostRemover` in the composition root.
+ *
+ * @param sessionIds the host's currently-known live session ids, so their unread watermarks are dropped
+ *   too (watermarks are keyed by SESSION, not host — see `HostRemover`).
+ */
+public fun interface HostRemovalGateway {
+    /** Erase every trace of [hostId]. Throws if anything essential failed (the UI then keeps the host). */
+    public suspend fun removeHost(hostId: String, sessionIds: List<String>)
+}

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/wiring/ApiClientFactory.kt

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring
 
 import dagger.Lazy
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes.ApiClient
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AccessTokenSource
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpTransport
 import javax.inject.Inject
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ import javax.inject.Singleton
 @Singleton
 public class ApiClientFactory @Inject constructor(
     private val http: Lazy<HttpTransport>,
+    private val tokens: AccessTokenSource,
 ) {
     /**
      * Resolve the shared [HttpTransport] (→ builds the shared `OkHttpClient`) so the slow mTLS I/O runs
@@ -32,6 +34,14 @@ public class ApiClientFactory @Inject constructor(
         http.get()
     }
 
-    /** Resolves the [Lazy] transport; call [warm] off `Main` first so this is a cheap singleton read. */
-    public fun create(endpoint: HostEndpoint): ApiClient = ApiClient(endpoint = endpoint, http = http.get())
+    /**
+     * Resolves the [Lazy] transport; call [warm] off `Main` first so this is a cheap singleton read.
+     *
+     * Every client is handed the shared [AccessTokenSource], so EVERY REST route — including the
+     * read-only GETs and the push-decision POSTs — presents this host's access token when one is stored
+     * (B5 / ios-completion §1.1). The token is read per request, so pairing a host mid-run takes effect
+     * without rebuilding anything.
+     */
+    public fun create(endpoint: HostEndpoint): ApiClient =
+        ApiClient(endpoint = endpoint, http = http.get(), tokens = tokens)
 }

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/wiring/AppEnvironment.kt

@@ -1,15 +1,50 @@
 package wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring
 
+import android.util.Log
 import dagger.Lazy
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CancellationException
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineDispatcher
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.SupervisorJob
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import kotlinx.coroutines.sync.Mutex
+import kotlinx.coroutines.sync.withLock
 import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.UiConfig
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing.PairingProbeResult
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing.probeAccessToken
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.pairing.runPairingProbe
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.AccessTokenStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.AuthCookieRecord
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.AuthCookieStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.Host
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.HostStore
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.LastSessionStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.hostregistry.SessionWatermarkStore
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.IdentityRepository
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.transport.AuthCookieJar
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.transport.AuthCookieSnapshot
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.transport.authCookieHostKey
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.AccessTokenProber
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.ApiClientQueueGateway
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.HostRemovalGateway
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.PairingProber
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.PersistedUnreadWatermarkStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.QueueGateway
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.TokenSubmission
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.UnreadWatermarkStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AccessTokenSource
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AuthCookie
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpMethod
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpRequest
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpResponse
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpTransport
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.TermTransport
+import java.net.URI
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean
 import javax.inject.Inject
 import javax.inject.Singleton
 
@@ -28,10 +63,11 @@ import javax.inject.Singleton
  * Engine state is never touched off-confinement and emulator/scrollback state never off-`Main`.
  *
  * ### Off-`Main` warm-up (FIX 3)
- * The mTLS transports and [identityRepository] are behind `dagger.Lazy` so constructing this root does
- * NO AndroidKeyStore/Tink/`OkHttpClient` I/O on the injection (often `Main`) thread. [warmUp] resolves
- * them on `Dispatchers.IO`, so the shared client is built and the device identity first-touched off the
- * UI thread. A21/A27 call [warmUp] before the first `bind()` / cert-screen open.
+ * The mTLS transports, [identityRepository], the auth-cookie store and the thumbnail rasterizer are all
+ * behind `dagger.Lazy` so constructing this root does NO AndroidKeyStore/Tink/`OkHttpClient`/DataStore/
+ * `android.graphics` work on the injection (often `Main`) thread — `MainActivity` field-injects it in
+ * `onCreate`. [warmUp] resolves them on `Dispatchers.IO`, so the shared client is built, the device
+ * identity first-touched and the persisted session cookie rehydrated off the UI thread.
  *
  * What lives here (all app singletons):
  *  - [hostStore] / [lastSessionStore] — persisted, non-secret UI state (DataStore).
@@ -39,6 +75,11 @@ import javax.inject.Singleton
  *  - [apiClientFactory] / [sessionEngineFactory] — per-host / per-session builders over the shared
  *    transports (lazy).
  *  - [coldStartPolicy] — the cold-launch route seam (A29).
+ *  - the `webterm_auth` cookie jar + its durable store — the optional `WEBTERM_TOKEN` gate.
+ *  - [unreadWatermarkStore] — the DURABLE unread-dot watermarks (was memory-only; reset on process death).
+ *  - [uiConfigGate] — the host's `allowAutoMode` policy, fail-closed (`GET /config/ui`).
+ *  - [hostRemoval] — un-pair a host and erase every trace keyed off it, push registration included.
+ *  - [runCertificateRotationIfDue] / [rotationOutcomes] — silent device-certificate rotation.
  * Per-session state (the [SessionEngine][wang.yaojia.webterm.session.SessionEngine] + emulator + its
  * [EventBus]) is NOT here — it lives in the config-surviving [RetainedSessionHolder].
  */
@@ -46,6 +87,11 @@ import javax.inject.Singleton
 public class AppEnvironment @Inject constructor(
     public val hostStore: HostStore,
     public val lastSessionStore: LastSessionStore,
+    /**
+     * B5 · per-host access tokens (`WEBTERM_TOKEN`), Tink/AndroidKeystore-encrypted. The pairing screen
+     * WRITES it; the transports read the same instance through [AccessTokenSource] (see `AuthModule`).
+     */
+    public val accessTokenStore: AccessTokenStore,
     public val apiClientFactory: ApiClientFactory,
     public val sessionEngineFactory: SessionEngineFactory,
     public val coldStartPolicy: ColdStartPolicy,
@@ -57,7 +103,37 @@ public class AppEnvironment @Inject constructor(
     private val identityRepositoryLazy: Lazy<IdentityRepository>,
     private val httpTransportLazy: Lazy<HttpTransport>,
     private val termTransportLazy: Lazy<TermTransport>,
+    /** The SAME jar instance installed on the one shared `OkHttpClient` (`di/AuthCookieModule`). */
+    private val authCookieJarLazy: Lazy<AuthCookieJar>,
+    /** Durable, Tink-AEAD-encrypted home of the `webterm_auth` cookie (`di/AuthCookieModule`). */
+    private val authCookieStoreLazy: Lazy<AuthCookieStore>,
+    /**
+     * The off-screen preview painter (§6.7). `Lazy` because constructing it measures a `Paint` — an
+     * `android.graphics` touch that must not happen while the Hilt graph is being built (it is stubbed
+     * under JVM unit tests).
+     */
+    private val thumbnailRasterizerLazy: Lazy<ThumbnailRasterizer>,
+    /**
+     * The durable, DataStore-backed home of the unread watermarks (`di/StorageModule`). Exposed to the
+     * session list through [unreadWatermarkStore]; without it the unread dot resets on process death.
+     */
+    private val sessionWatermarkStore: SessionWatermarkStore,
+    /**
+     * Silent device-certificate rotation (`di/TlsModule`). `Lazy` for the same reason as the transports:
+     * resolving it must not pull AndroidKeyStore/Tink work onto the injection (often `Main`) thread.
+     */
+    private val rotationSchedulerLazy: Lazy<CertificateRotationScheduler>,
+    /** Per-host push registration — the `DELETE /push/fcm-token` half is what [removeHost] finally calls. */
+    private val pushUnregister: HostPushUnregister,
+    /** Resolves this device's current FCM token, or null when push is unavailable/uninitialised. */
+    private val pushTokenSource: PushTokenSource,
 ) {
+    /** One-shot cold-start restore of the persisted session cookie into the live jar (see [warmUp]). */
+    private val authCookieHydrator = AuthCookieHydrator(
+        store = { authCookieStoreLazy.get() },
+        jar = { authCookieJarLazy.get() },
+    )
+
     /**
      * The mTLS device identity (A27 cert screen). Resolving the [Lazy] merely constructs the repository
      * (I/O-free per A11); its FIRST touch (`currentSummary`/`hasInstalledIdentity`/handshake) does the
@@ -74,26 +150,567 @@ public class AppEnvironment @Inject constructor(
     public val httpTransport: HttpTransport get() = httpTransportLazy.get()
 
     /**
-     * Build the two-step pairing prober (A19) over the ONE shared transports. The transports are
-     * resolved LAZILY inside `probe()` (not at build time) so constructing the prober on the UI thread
-     * never triggers the mTLS/OkHttp build — the actual resolve happens in the probe's own coroutine,
-     * after [warmUp].
+     * Build the pairing network seam (A19) over the ONE shared transports: the two-step probe plus the
+     * `WEBTERM_TOKEN` gate's detect + submit. The transports are resolved LAZILY inside each call (not at
+     * build time) so constructing the prober on the UI thread never triggers the mTLS/OkHttp build — the
+     * actual resolve happens in the caller's own coroutine, after [warmUp].
+     *
+     * The submit rides the SAME client as everything else, which is the whole point: the `webterm_auth`
+     * cookie it earns lands in the shared [AuthCookieJar] and is therefore replayed on every later REST
+     * call AND on the WS upgrade.
+     *
+     * The probe also authenticates from [accessTokenStore] (B5 / §1.1) — its two HTTP legs AND its WS
+     * upgrade read the token the pairing flow may have just stored, so both halves of the gate work:
+     * a token typed up-front (stored, then probed) and one submitted at the prompt (cookie jar).
      */
-    public fun buildPairingProber(): PairingProber =
-        PairingProber { endpoint -> runPairingProbe(endpoint, httpTransportLazy.get(), termTransportLazy.get()) }
+    public fun buildPairingProber(): PairingProber = object : PairingProber {
+        private val gateway = AccessTokenGateway { httpTransportLazy.get() }
+
+        override suspend fun probe(endpoint: HostEndpoint): PairingProbeResult =
+            runPairingProbe(endpoint, httpTransportLazy.get(), termTransportLazy.get(), accessTokenStore)
+
+        override suspend fun requiresAccessToken(endpoint: HostEndpoint): Boolean =
+            gateway.requiresAccessToken(endpoint)
+
+        override suspend fun submitAccessToken(endpoint: HostEndpoint, token: String): TokenSubmission =
+            gateway.submit(endpoint, token)
+    }
 
     /**
-     * Build the shared `OkHttpClient` and first-touch the device identity OFF `Main` (FIX 3). Resolving
-     * either transport builds the one shared client (which reads the mTLS material); touching the
-     * identity forces its first AndroidKeyStore/Tink read. Idempotent at the singleton level — the
-     * client/identity are built once and cached. Safe to call from any coroutine; hops to
-     * `Dispatchers.IO` internally.
+     * Build the `POST /auth` access-token validation prober (B5). Like [buildPairingProber], the shared
+     * transport is resolved lazily INSIDE the call so building this on the UI thread does no mTLS/OkHttp
+     * work.
+     */
+    public fun buildAccessTokenProber(): AccessTokenProber =
+        AccessTokenProber { endpoint, token -> probeAccessToken(endpoint, httpTransportLazy.get(), token) }
+
+    /**
+     * Build the session-list / manage-page thumbnail pipeline for one host (§6.7). Per-host because its
+     * preview fetch is bound to that host's [ApiClient][wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes.ApiClient]
+     * (`Origin` is stamped per endpoint), so it cannot be an app singleton.
+     *
+     * The CALLER owns the returned pipeline's lifetime: keep it in a `remember(env, hostId)` and call
+     * `close()` from a `DisposableEffect` so its in-flight renders are cancelled with the screen.
+     * Resolving the rasterizer measures a `Paint` — cheap, but `android.graphics`, so call this from the
+     * composition, never from DI construction.
+     */
+    public fun buildThumbnailPipeline(endpoint: HostEndpoint): ThumbnailPipeline =
+        ThumbnailPipeline(
+            previewSource = ApiPreviewSource { apiClientFactory.create(endpoint) },
+            rasterizer = thumbnailRasterizerLazy.get(),
+        )
+
+    // ── Unread watermarks (durable) ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /**
+     * The PRODUCTION unread-watermark store: DataStore-backed, so the session-list dot survives process
+     * death. The session list installs it via `SessionListViewModel.useWatermarkStore`.
+     */
+    public val unreadWatermarkStore: UnreadWatermarkStore =
+        PersistedUnreadWatermarkStore(sessionWatermarkStore)
+
+    // ── W2 prompt queue ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /**
+     * The follow-up-queue seam for one host (`POST|GET|DELETE /live-sessions/:id/queue`). Per-host
+     * because the two writes are `Origin`-guarded and the header is derived from the endpoint.
+     *
+     * Cheap + `Main`-safe to build: the `ApiClient` is minted by a SUPPLIER inside the gateway's own
+     * `Dispatchers.IO` hop, so resolving the shared mTLS `OkHttpClient` never happens on the UI thread
+     * (the same discipline `sessionThumbnailPipeline` follows).
+     */
+    public fun buildQueueGateway(endpoint: HostEndpoint): QueueGateway =
+        ApiClientQueueGateway(api = { apiClientFactory.create(endpoint) })
+
+    // ── GET /config/ui (allowAutoMode) ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /**
+     * The host-policy gate for `approve.mode="acceptEdits"`. One instance for the app so a host is asked
+     * once per process; it FAILS CLOSED, so an unreachable host never widens what the phone may approve.
+     */
+    public val uiConfigGate: UiConfigGate = UiConfigGate { endpoint ->
+        apiClientFactory.create(endpoint).uiConfig()
+    }
+
+    // ── Host removal ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /**
+     * Un-pair a host and erase EVERY trace keyed off it — including the `DELETE /push/fcm-token` that had
+     * no caller at all, which is why a removed host kept pushing notifications to this device. See
+     * [HostRemover] for the ordering rules.
+     */
+    public val hostRemoval: HostRemovalGateway by lazy {
+        // `by lazy` because the session-list screen reads this on `Main`. Resolving the auth-cookie
+        // store here is safe by that module's documented contract — `TinkAuthCookieCipher` defers ALL
+        // AndroidKeyStore/AEAD work to first use — and in practice `warmUp()` has already resolved it
+        // off-`Main`. Nothing in this block does I/O; the removal itself runs in the caller's coroutine.
+        HostRemover(
+            hostStore = hostStore,
+            lastSessionStore = lastSessionStore,
+            authCookieStore = authCookieStoreLazy.get(),
+            accessTokenStore = accessTokenStore,
+            watermarkStore = sessionWatermarkStore,
+            pushUnregister = pushUnregister,
+            currentPushToken = { pushTokenSource.currentToken() },
+            clearLiveCookies = { hostKey -> authCookieJarLazy.get().clear(hostKey) },
+        )
+    }
+
+    // ── Silent certificate rotation ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /**
+     * App-lifetime scope for the fire-and-forget rotation pass. Deliberately NOT the caller's scope:
+     * [warmUp] is awaited by the terminal screen's readiness gate, and a renewal's network round-trip
+     * must never be able to hold the UI behind a spinner.
+     */
+    private val rotationScope = CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + Dispatchers.IO)
+
+    private val rotationTrigger = CertificateRotationTrigger(
+        scope = rotationScope,
+        scheduler = { rotationSchedulerLazy.get() },
+        onError = { error ->
+            // Shape only: a rotation error can carry a control-plane URL or response body.
+            Log.w(ROTATION_TAG, "certificate rotation could not start (${error::class.simpleName})")
+        },
+    )
+
+    /**
+     * Run one silent certificate-rotation pass if one is due (the Android counterpart of iOS
+     * `AppCoordinator.runCertificateRotationIfDue()`). Safe on launch AND on every foreground: the
+     * scheduler is idempotent, self-coalescing, and `NotDue` costs one store read. Returns immediately.
+     */
+    public fun runCertificateRotationIfDue() {
+        rotationTrigger.fire()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The most recent rotation pass's outcome (null before the first pass). Observed by the device-cert
+     * screen so a silently failing renewal becomes visible instead of only a log line.
+     */
+    public fun rotationOutcomes(): StateFlow<RotationOutcome?> = rotationSchedulerLazy.get().lastOutcome
+
+    /**
+     * Build the shared `OkHttpClient`, rehydrate the persisted session cookie and first-touch the device
+     * identity OFF `Main` (FIX 3). Resolving either transport builds the one shared client (which reads
+     * the mTLS material); touching the identity forces its first AndroidKeyStore/Tink read; the cookie
+     * hydration reads DataStore + Tink. Idempotent at the singleton level — the client/identity are built
+     * once and cached, and the hydration is one-shot ([AuthCookieHydrator]). Safe to call from any
+     * coroutine; hops to `Dispatchers.IO` internally.
      */
     public suspend fun warmUp() {
         withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+            // First: put the stored credential in the jar, so the very first dial is already authenticated
+            // on a token-gated host (the jar is consulted per request, so this races nothing).
+            authCookieHydrator.hydrateOnce()
             sessionEngineFactory.warm() // builds TermTransport → the shared OkHttpClient → reads SSL material
             apiClientFactory.warm() // HttpTransport reuses the SAME already-built client
             runCatching { identityRepositoryLazy.get().hasInstalledIdentity() } // first AndroidKeyStore/Tink touch
         }
+        // Rotate the device certificate if it is due. Fired LAST and fire-and-forget: it needs the warmed
+        // mTLS stack, and its network round-trip must not be awaited by this function's callers (the
+        // terminal screen blocks its readiness gate on warmUp). The AndroidKeyStore/Tink reads happen on
+        // the scheduler's own IO dispatcher, never on `Main`.
+        runCertificateRotationIfDue()
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        const val ROTATION_TAG: String = "WebTermRotation"
     }
 }
+
+// ── GET /config/ui — the auto-mode host policy ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Whether a host permits `approve.mode="acceptEdits"` (`GET /config/ui` → `{ allowAutoMode }`).
+ *
+ * `ApiClient.uiConfig()` existed with no caller, so the plan-gate three-way sheet offered
+ * "approve + auto-accept edits" even on a host whose operator had set `ALLOW_AUTO_MODE=0`. This is the
+ * client half of that policy, and it **fails CLOSED**:
+ *  - a transport failure, a pre-`/config/ui` server, or an unparseable body all answer `false`;
+ *  - only a SUCCESSFUL fetch is cached, so a host that was merely down is re-asked rather than being
+ *    permanently marked one way or the other;
+ *  - `CancellationException` propagates — a cancelled scope must never be read as a policy answer.
+ *
+ * The read-only `GET` carries no `Origin` header (plan §4.3) and no credential of its own; the answer is
+ * a single boolean, so nothing here has to be redacted.
+ */
+public class UiConfigGate(private val fetch: suspend (HostEndpoint) -> UiConfig) {
+    private val mutex = Mutex()
+    private var cache: Map<String, Boolean> = emptyMap()
+
+    /** `true` only when [endpoint] positively confirmed it. Never throws except for cancellation. */
+    public suspend fun allowsAutoMode(endpoint: HostEndpoint): Boolean {
+        mutex.withLock { cache[endpoint.baseUrl] }?.let { return it }
+        val allowed = try {
+            fetch(endpoint).allowAutoMode
+        } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+            throw cancel
+        } catch (_: Throwable) {
+            return false // FAIL CLOSED — and deliberately NOT cached, so a recovered host is re-asked.
+        }
+        mutex.withLock { cache = cache + (endpoint.baseUrl to allowed) }
+        return allowed
+    }
+}
+
+// ── Silent certificate rotation: the app-lifecycle trigger ────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * The lifecycle edge that CALLS [CertificateRotationScheduler] — the Android counterpart of iOS
+ * `AppCoordinator.runCertificateRotationIfDue()`. Without a trigger the scheduler is dead code and a
+ * device certificate simply expires, stranding the app behind an mTLS handshake it can no longer make.
+ *
+ * [fire] launches and RETURNS: the pass does AndroidKeyStore/Tink reads and possibly a control-plane
+ * round-trip, and no UI path may wait on that. The scheduler is idempotent and self-coalescing, so
+ * firing on launch and again on every foreground needs no external guard.
+ *
+ * Nothing escapes: the scheduler turns a rotation failure into `RotationOutcome.Failed` itself, and
+ * [onError] only sees the (unexpected) case where the scheduler could not even be resolved. Both report
+ * the error's SHAPE only — a rotation error can embed a control-plane URL or a response body.
+ */
+public class CertificateRotationTrigger(
+    private val scope: CoroutineScope,
+    private val scheduler: () -> CertificateRotationScheduler,
+    private val onError: (Throwable) -> Unit = {},
+) {
+    /** Start a rotation pass in the background. Idempotent by way of the scheduler's single-flight. */
+    public fun fire() {
+        scope.launch {
+            try {
+                scheduler().runIfDue()
+            } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+                throw cancel
+            } catch (error: Throwable) {
+                onError(error)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ── Host removal ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * The `DELETE /push/fcm-token` half of [wang.yaojia.webterm.push.PushRegistrar], as a seam so
+ * [HostRemover] is JVM-testable with no transport. `di/PushModule` binds it to
+ * `PushRegistrar.unregisterHost` — whose FIRST caller this is.
+ */
+public fun interface HostPushUnregister {
+    /** Best-effort: tell [host] to forget [token]. [token] is never logged (plan §8). */
+    public suspend fun unregister(host: Host, token: String)
+}
+
+/** This device's current FCM registration token, or null when push is unavailable. */
+public fun interface PushTokenSource {
+    public suspend fun currentToken(): String?
+}
+
+/**
+ * Un-pairing a host, as ONE ordered operation. A half-removed host is worse than none, so both the order
+ * and the failure policy are load-bearing:
+ *
+ *  1. **`DELETE /push/fcm-token` FIRST**, while the host record and its `webterm_auth` cookie still
+ *     exist — the call cannot be addressed without the endpoint, nor authenticated without the cookie.
+ *     `PushRegistrar.unregisterHost` had ZERO call sites before this, which is why a dropped host kept
+ *     pushing notifications to the device forever. It is **best-effort**: a host that is switched off
+ *     must still be removable, and the local state is what the user asked us to forget.
+ *  2. **Then the local state**, in the order that keeps a failure retryable: the session watermarks, the
+ *     last-session pointer, the persisted + live `webterm_auth` cookie, **the Keystore-held access
+ *     token** ([AccessTokenStore] — the same credential's second durable home; the cookie's value IS
+ *     the token, `src/http/auth.ts`), and the paired record LAST. Any throw propagates with the host
+ *     still paired, so the user can simply try again — the UI treats that as "nothing was removed"
+ *     ([HostRemovalGateway]).
+ *
+ * ### What is deliberately NOT removed
+ *  - **The device certificate / AndroidKeyStore identity** — it is ONE app-wide mTLS identity shared by
+ *    every host (`IdentityRepository`), not per-host state. Removing it while un-pairing one host would
+ *    silently break every other tunnel host. It has its own explicit affordance on the cert screen.
+ *  - **The quick-reply palette** — global user content, not host state.
+ *
+ * ### Watermarks are keyed by SESSION, not host
+ * `SessionWatermarkStore` maps `sessionId → last-seen`, so there is no host-scoped sweep to run. The
+ * caller passes the ids it can attribute to this host (its currently-listed sessions); anything it could
+ * not see is bounded by the store's own 512-entry cap rather than leaking without limit.
+ */
+public class HostRemover(
+    private val hostStore: HostStore,
+    private val lastSessionStore: LastSessionStore,
+    private val authCookieStore: AuthCookieStore,
+    /**
+     * The OTHER durable home of the same shell credential (B5). `authCookieStore` alone is not
+     * "every trace": the token is what the cookie's value IS (`src/http/auth.ts` builds
+     * `webterm_auth=<token>`), and [AccessTokenStore] is keyed by
+     * [wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint.originHeader] — NOT by the paired-host record — so a
+     * retained token silently re-authenticates the moment the same URL is added again.
+     */
+    private val accessTokenStore: AccessTokenStore,
+    private val watermarkStore: SessionWatermarkStore,
+    private val pushUnregister: HostPushUnregister,
+    private val currentPushToken: suspend () -> String?,
+    private val clearLiveCookies: (hostKey: String) -> Unit,
+    private val log: (String) -> Unit = { Log.w(REMOVER_TAG, it) },
+    /** Everything below is storage + network I/O; the caller is a Composable scope on `Main`. */
+    private val ioDispatcher: CoroutineDispatcher = Dispatchers.IO,
+) : HostRemovalGateway {
+
+    override suspend fun removeHost(hostId: String, sessionIds: List<String>): Unit =
+        withContext(ioDispatcher) {
+            val host = hostStore.loadAll().firstOrNull { it.id == hostId }
+                ?: return@withContext // already gone → no-op
+
+            unregisterPushBestEffort(host)
+
+            // Local erasure. Ordered so `hostStore.remove` is LAST: an earlier failure leaves the host
+            // paired, which the UI reports as "nothing removed" and the user can retry.
+            sessionIds.forEach { watermarkStore.remove(it) }
+            lastSessionStore.setLastSessionId(null, hostId)
+            authCookieHostKey(host.endpoint.baseUrl)?.let { hostKey ->
+                authCookieStore.removeHost(hostKey)
+                clearLiveCookies(hostKey) // the in-memory jar too, or the credential rides the next dial
+            }
+            // The SAME credential's other durable home (B5). Keyed by origin, not by host id, so it
+            // survives the record and silently re-authenticates a re-added URL unless dropped here.
+            accessTokenStore.remove(host.endpoint)
+            hostStore.remove(hostId)
+        }
+
+    /**
+     * Tell the host to forget this device's push token. Best-effort by design; the token is passed only
+     * to the call and never logged (plan §8), and a failure is reported by SHAPE.
+     */
+    private suspend fun unregisterPushBestEffort(host: Host) {
+        val token = try {
+            currentPushToken()
+        } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+            throw cancel
+        } catch (error: Throwable) {
+            log("push token unavailable while removing a host (${error::class.simpleName})")
+            null
+        } ?: return
+        try {
+            pushUnregister.unregister(host, token)
+        } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+            throw cancel
+        } catch (error: Throwable) {
+            log("push de-registration failed for the removed host (${error::class.simpleName})")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private companion object {
+        const val REMOVER_TAG: String = "WebTermHostRemoval"
+    }
+}
+
+// ── The WEBTERM_TOKEN gate (server src/http/auth.ts) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * The client half of the server's optional shared-access-token gate.
+ *
+ * Server contract (`src/http/auth.ts` + the `/auth` route in `src/server.ts`):
+ *  - with `WEBTERM_TOKEN` set, EVERY remote route (and the WS upgrade) needs the `webterm_auth` cookie;
+ *    an unauthed non-HTML request gets **401** with an `authentication required` JSON body;
+ *  - `POST /auth` is always reachable and rate-limited to 10/min/IP. A non-HTML request answers **204**
+ *    with `Set-Cookie: webterm_auth=…` on a match, **401** on a mismatch, **429** over the limit;
+ *  - `GET /?token=` exists too and is deliberately NOT used here — it would put a shell credential in a
+ *    URL (access logs, `Referer`, history).
+ *
+ * The cookie itself is never handled here: the shared client's [AuthCookieJar] captures `Set-Cookie` and
+ * replays it, so "the submit succeeded" and "the credential is held" are the same event.
+ *
+ * @param http resolves the shared [HttpTransport] LAZILY (resolving it builds the mTLS `OkHttpClient`, so
+ *   it must happen inside the calling coroutine, not when this gateway is constructed).
+ */
+public class AccessTokenGateway(private val http: () -> HttpTransport) {
+
+    /**
+     * Is [endpoint] behind the token gate? Probes the unauthenticated read and looks for exactly 401.
+     *
+     * Never throws for a network problem: an unreachable host answers `false`, so a host that is merely
+     * down can never make the app ask the user for a credential. Cancellation still propagates.
+     */
+    public suspend fun requiresAccessToken(endpoint: HostEndpoint): Boolean {
+        val response = try {
+            http().send(HttpRequest(method = HttpMethod.GET, url = endpoint.hostBaseUrl() + LIVE_SESSIONS_PATH))
+        } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+            throw cancel
+        } catch (_: Throwable) {
+            return false
+        }
+        return response.status == HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * `POST /auth` with [token] in an urlencoded form body.
+     *
+     * A 2xx is NOT on its own an acceptance: the presence of `Set-Cookie: webterm_auth=…` is the frozen
+     * §1.1 discriminator between "the token is correct" ([TokenSubmission.Accepted]) and "this host has
+     * no auth configured" ([TokenSubmission.AuthDisabled]) — and the caller persists a secret on the
+     * first but must not on the second.
+     *
+     * [token] appears in the BODY only — never the URL, never a header, never the returned outcome, never
+     * a log line — and nothing here retains it.
+     */
+    public suspend fun submit(endpoint: HostEndpoint, token: String): TokenSubmission {
+        val request = HttpRequest(
+            method = HttpMethod.POST,
+            url = endpoint.hostBaseUrl() + AUTH_PATH,
+            // No `Accept: text/html`: the server answers an HTML request with 302 redirects instead of
+            // the 204/401 status pair this mapping depends on. No `Origin` either — /auth is registered
+            // before the gate and is not an Origin-guarded route (plan §4.3: Origin only where required).
+            headers = mapOf(CONTENT_TYPE_HEADER to FORM_CONTENT_TYPE),
+            body = "$TOKEN_FIELD=${formEncode(token)}".toByteArray(Charsets.UTF_8),
+        )
+        val response = try {
+            http().send(request)
+        } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+            throw cancel
+        } catch (error: Throwable) {
+            // The TYPE only: an exception message is host-influenced and could echo the request we sent.
+            return TokenSubmission.Unreachable(reason = error::class.simpleName ?: UNKNOWN_ERROR)
+        }
+        return when {
+            // 2xx splits in TWO (FROZEN §1.1): only a `Set-Cookie: webterm_auth=…` means the token was
+            // ACCEPTED. A bare 204 means the host has `WEBTERM_TOKEN` unset — nothing to authenticate, so
+            // the caller must persist nothing. Collapsing them puts a shell credential in the Keystore
+            // for an open host and makes the client believe it is authenticated.
+            response.status in HTTP_OK until HTTP_MULTIPLE_CHOICES ->
+                if (response.carriesAuthCookie()) TokenSubmission.Accepted else TokenSubmission.AuthDisabled
+            response.status == HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED -> TokenSubmission.Rejected
+            response.status == HTTP_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS -> TokenSubmission.RateLimited
+            else -> TokenSubmission.Unreachable(reason = "HTTP ${response.status}")
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * True iff the response set OUR auth cookie. Header names are case-insensitive on the wire, and the
+     * value must name [AuthCookie.NAME] — a proxy's own `Set-Cookie` proves nothing about the gate. Same
+     * rule as `:api-client`'s `AuthProbe.carriesAuthCookie`; never logs the value.
+     */
+    private fun HttpResponse.carriesAuthCookie(): Boolean =
+        headers.entries.any { (name, value) ->
+            name.equals(SET_COOKIE_HEADER, ignoreCase = true) && value.startsWith("${AuthCookie.NAME}=")
+        }
+
+    private companion object {
+        const val LIVE_SESSIONS_PATH = "/live-sessions"
+        const val AUTH_PATH = "/auth"
+        const val TOKEN_FIELD = "token"
+        const val CONTENT_TYPE_HEADER = "Content-Type"
+        const val SET_COOKIE_HEADER = "Set-Cookie"
+        const val FORM_CONTENT_TYPE = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
+        const val HTTP_OK = 200
+        const val HTTP_MULTIPLE_CHOICES = 300
+        const val HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED = 401
+        const val HTTP_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS = 429
+        const val UNKNOWN_ERROR = "unknown"
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * `scheme://host[:port]` from the dialed URL — path/query/fragment/credentials dropped. Mirrors
+ * `:api-client`'s probe derivation (private there, hence re-derived rather than shared); the dialed port
+ * is kept verbatim and IPv6 literals arrive already bracketed from [java.net.URI].
+ */
+private fun HostEndpoint.hostBaseUrl(): String {
+    val uri = URI(baseUrl)
+    val scheme = (uri.scheme ?: "http").lowercase()
+    val host = uri.host ?: ""
+    val portPart = if (uri.port != -1) ":${uri.port}" else ""
+    return "$scheme://$host$portPart"
+}
+
+/**
+ * Percent-encode a form-field value, allowing ONLY RFC 3986 unreserved characters through.
+ *
+ * Stricter than necessary on purpose: the server's token charset (`[A-Za-z0-9._~+/=-]`) includes `+`,
+ * `/` and `=`, and in an `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` body a raw `+` decodes to a SPACE while `=`
+ * would split the field — so a correct token would be rejected. `java.net.URLEncoder` is avoided for the
+ * same reason (it emits `+` for spaces).
+ */
+private fun formEncode(value: String): String {
+    val out = StringBuilder(value.length)
+    for (byte in value.toByteArray(Charsets.UTF_8)) {
+        val octet = byte.toInt() and BYTE_MASK
+        val char = octet.toChar()
+        if (char.isUnreservedUrlChar()) {
+            out.append(char)
+        } else {
+            // Hand-rolled hex, NOT String.format: `%02X` is locale-sensitive and would emit non-ASCII
+            // digits under some locales, corrupting the credential.
+            out.append('%').append(HEX_DIGITS[octet shr HEX_SHIFT]).append(HEX_DIGITS[octet and LOW_NIBBLE])
+        }
+    }
+    return out.toString()
+}
+
+private fun Char.isUnreservedUrlChar(): Boolean =
+    this in 'A'..'Z' || this in 'a'..'z' || this in '0'..'9' || this in "-._~"
+
+private const val HEX_DIGITS: String = "0123456789ABCDEF"
+private const val BYTE_MASK: Int = 0xFF
+private const val LOW_NIBBLE: Int = 0x0F
+private const val HEX_SHIFT: Int = 4
+
+// ── Auth-cookie durability bridge (:transport-okhttp ⇄ :host-registry) ───────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Cold-start restore of the durable `webterm_auth` cookie into the live jar, EXACTLY ONCE.
+ *
+ * Once, because the durable write is asynchronous ([AuthCookieJar]'s persister hands off): a second
+ * hydration could overwrite a freshly re-authenticated in-memory cookie with the stale persisted one and
+ * silently put the app back on a dead credential.
+ *
+ * A failure is swallowed (warm-up must never fail on this) but does NOT consume the one shot, so the next
+ * warm-up retries. Worst case the user re-enters the token — never a crash, never a plaintext fallback.
+ */
+internal class AuthCookieHydrator(
+    private val store: () -> AuthCookieStore,
+    private val jar: () -> AuthCookieJar,
+) {
+    private val hydrated = AtomicBoolean(false)
+
+    /** Reads the store and restores each host's cookies under that host's own key. Call off `Main`. */
+    internal suspend fun hydrateOnce() {
+        if (!hydrated.compareAndSet(false, true)) return
+        val records = try {
+            store().loadAll()
+        } catch (error: Throwable) {
+            hydrated.set(false) // not consumed — a later warm-up may succeed
+            if (error is CancellationException) throw error
+            return
+        }
+        val cookieJar = jar()
+        records.groupBy { it.hostKey }.forEach { (hostKey, forHost) ->
+            cookieJar.restore(hostKey, forHost.map { it.toSnapshot() })
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * `:transport-okhttp`'s jar DTO → `:host-registry`'s at-rest record, stamped with the isolation
+ * [hostKey]. The two modules must not depend on each other (`android/README.md`: dependencies only flow
+ * down), so `:app` owns this field-for-field mapping. `expiresAtEpochMillis` stays ABSOLUTE — persisting
+ * a `Max-Age` duration would restart the credential's lifetime on every restore.
+ */
+internal fun AuthCookieSnapshot.toRecord(hostKey: String): AuthCookieRecord = AuthCookieRecord(
+    hostKey = hostKey,
+    name = name,
+    value = value,
+    domain = domain,
+    path = path,
+    expiresAtEpochMillis = expiresAtEpochMillis,
+    secure = secure,
+    httpOnly = httpOnly,
+    hostOnly = hostOnly,
+)
+
+/** The reverse mapping (cold-start hydration). `hostKey` is dropped — it is the jar's partition key. */
+internal fun AuthCookieRecord.toSnapshot(): AuthCookieSnapshot = AuthCookieSnapshot(
+    name = name,
+    value = value,
+    domain = domain,
+    path = path,
+    expiresAtEpochMillis = expiresAtEpochMillis,
+    secure = secure,
+    httpOnly = httpOnly,
+    hostOnly = hostOnly,
+)

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/wiring/CertificateRotationScheduler.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.wiring
+
+import android.util.Log
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CancellationException
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CompletableDeferred
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineDispatcher
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asStateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import okhttp3.OkHttpClient
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.enroll.DeviceEnrollmentClient
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.enroll.DeviceEnrollmentError
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.enroll.RotationDecision
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.enroll.RotationPolicy
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.CertStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.DeviceEnroller
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.DeviceRotationSnapshot
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.DeviceRotationStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.EnrollmentRecordStore
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.tlsandroid.IdentityCacheRefresher
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.transport.OkHttpClientFactory
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.transport.OkHttpHttpTransport
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HttpTransport
+import java.time.Duration
+import java.time.Instant
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference
+
+/** Which step of a rotation pass an outcome refers to — so a failure names what actually failed. */
+public enum class RotationStage {
+    /** Reading the installed identity's timing out of the encrypted stores. */
+    READ_STATE,
+
+    /** `POST /device/:id/renew` over mTLS with the current (still valid) certificate. */
+    RENEW,
+
+    /** `POST /device/:id/recover` over plain HTTPS with the lapsed certificate in the body. */
+    RECOVER,
+}
+
+/**
+ * The total result of one rotation pass. Every case is safe to log and to render in the UI: none of
+ * them can carry a private key, a certificate, a CSR or a token (see [RotationOutcome.Failed]).
+ */
+public sealed interface RotationOutcome {
+    /** No enrolled device identity (fresh install / legacy `.p12`): nothing to rotate. */
+    public data object NotEnrolled : RotationOutcome
+
+    /**
+     * Enrolled, but no control-plane URL is persisted (a record written before it was recorded), so
+     * there is no host to rotate against. Surfaced rather than guessed — a compiled-in default would
+     * silently talk to the wrong control plane. A re-enroll records the URL and clears this.
+     */
+    public data class NotConfigured(val deviceId: String) : RotationOutcome
+
+    /** The renew window has not opened yet — the cheap, common case. */
+    public data class NotDue(val renewAfter: Instant?) : RotationOutcome
+
+    /** An attempt is due but the previous one failed too recently; the next try is at [retryAt]. */
+    public data class BackingOff(val retryAt: Instant) : RotationOutcome
+
+    /** Renewed silently; the new leaf is presented on the next handshake. */
+    public data object Renewed : RotationOutcome
+
+    /** An expired leaf was recovered over plain HTTPS; the new leaf is live. */
+    public data object Recovered : RotationOutcome
+
+    /**
+     * TERMINAL — the leaf expired [expiredFor] ago, past the recovery grace. No request can succeed;
+     * only a fresh enroll can. Reported once per pass and never retried, so one real failure cannot
+     * become thousands of identical warnings.
+     */
+    public data class ReEnrollRequired(val expiredFor: Duration) : RotationOutcome
+
+    /**
+     * The pass failed at [stage]. The PRIOR identity is fully live and unchanged (the atomic
+     * live-pointer flip only happens after a successful re-issuance), so a transient failure is
+     * recoverable on a later pass.
+     *
+     * [errorShape] is deliberately the error's SHAPE — its class name, or `Http(status,code)` for a
+     * server rejection — and never `Throwable.message`, which can embed a URL, a response body or
+     * credential material.
+     */
+    public data class Failed(val stage: RotationStage, val errorShape: String) : RotationOutcome
+}
+
+/**
+ * Silent device-certificate rotation: on a trigger (app launch / foreground) read the installed
+ * identity's timing, ask the pure [RotationPolicy] what to do, and drive it. This is the
+ * "one bootstrap enroll, then never again" half of zero-touch — the Android counterpart of iOS
+ * `ClientTLS/CertificateRotationScheduler.swift`, which Android was missing entirely (so a device
+ * certificate simply expired and stranded the app).
+ *
+ * It goes beyond the iOS version in one way that matters: iOS can only renew, and `/device/:id/renew`
+ * is authenticated by the very certificate it renews — so an iOS device whose leaf lapses is stuck
+ * needing a manual re-enroll. This driver routes a lapsed leaf to `/device/:id/recover` instead
+ * ([RotationStage.RECOVER]), which takes the expired certificate in the request BODY over PLAIN
+ * HTTPS because no TLS terminator will forward an expired client certificate at all.
+ *
+ * ### The one place allowed to know both halves
+ * `:api-client` must never gain a `:client-tls-android` edge. This file is the composition point that
+ * knows both: the pure policy/HTTP client on one side, the keystore-backed enroller on the other.
+ *
+ * ### Idempotent, single-flight, and honest
+ *  - Safe to call on EVERY foreground: `NotDue` is the cheap common case and costs no I/O beyond one
+ *    store read.
+ *  - A second trigger while a pass is in flight COALESCES onto it (an `AtomicReference` holding the
+ *    in-flight result), so two foregrounds cannot stampede two renewals into a control plane that
+ *    rate-limits them.
+ *  - A failure never throws out of [runIfDue]: it is recorded as [RotationOutcome.Failed], published
+ *    on [lastOutcome], and used to throttle the next pass. The prior identity stays fully live —
+ *    `IdentityRepository`'s atomic live-pointer flip guarantees that, and nothing here weakens it.
+ *  - A cancelled pass releases the in-flight slot, so cancellation cannot wedge rotation for the
+ *    lifetime of the process.
+ *
+ * ### Threading
+ * The class itself is dispatcher-free (so every branch is unit-testable under virtual time); the
+ * store/network hop is inside the seams [create] builds, which move the AndroidKeyStore + Tink reads
+ * off `Dispatchers.Main`.
+ *
+ * ### Step-up policy does NOT apply here
+ * The relay's step-up gate lives in `relay-auth`'s `enforce/onUpgrade.ts` — the terminal-session
+ * WebSocket upgrade. Renewal and recovery are plain control-plane HTTPS routes and consult no
+ * step-up policy, so a step-up-required host does not block certificate rotation.
+ */
+public class CertificateRotationScheduler(
+    /** Current rotation timing + target, or null when nothing is enrolled. May throw on a store fault. */
+    private val readState: suspend () -> DeviceRotationSnapshot?,
+    /** `POST /device/:id/renew` over mTLS against the given control-plane base URL. */
+    private val renew: suspend (controlPlaneUrl: String) -> Unit,
+    /** `POST /device/:id/recover` over PLAIN HTTPS against the given control-plane base URL. */
+    private val recover: suspend (controlPlaneUrl: String) -> Unit,
+    private val now: () -> Instant = { Instant.now() },
+    private val expiredRecoveryGrace: Duration = RotationPolicy.DEFAULT_EXPIRED_RECOVERY_GRACE,
+    private val failureBackoff: Duration = RotationPolicy.DEFAULT_FAILURE_BACKOFF,
+    private val log: (String) -> Unit = { Log.i(TAG, it) },
+) {
+    private val outcomes = MutableStateFlow<RotationOutcome?>(null)
+
+    /**
+     * The most recent pass's outcome, or null before the first pass. Observable so a silently failing
+     * renewal becomes visible state (iOS surfaces the same as `isCertificateRenewalFailing`) instead
+     * of only a log line.
+     */
+    public val lastOutcome: StateFlow<RotationOutcome?> = outcomes.asStateFlow()
+
+    /** Written only by the in-flight pass (single-flight); volatile so any dispatcher sees it. */
+    @Volatile
+    private var lastFailureAt: Instant? = null
+
+    /** Non-null while a pass is running — the shared result concurrent triggers coalesce onto. */
+    private val inFlight = AtomicReference<CompletableDeferred<RotationOutcome>?>(null)
+
+    /**
+     * Run one pass: read timing → decide → renew/recover if due. Idempotent and safe on every
+     * foreground; never throws for a rotation failure (that is [RotationOutcome.Failed]). Only
+     * cancellation propagates.
+     */
+    public suspend fun runIfDue(): RotationOutcome {
+        while (true) {
+            inFlight.get()?.let { return it.await() }
+            val pass = CompletableDeferred<RotationOutcome>()
+            if (!inFlight.compareAndSet(null, pass)) continue // lost the race — join the winner
+            try {
+                val outcome = runPass()
+                outcomes.value = outcome
+                inFlight.set(null) // release BEFORE completing so a later trigger starts a fresh pass
+                pass.complete(outcome)
+                return outcome
+            } catch (throwable: Throwable) {
+                // Cancellation (the only thing that reaches here) must not leave a slot that no
+                // future pass can ever get past.
+                inFlight.set(null)
+                pass.completeExceptionally(throwable)
+                throw throwable
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private suspend fun runPass(): RotationOutcome {
+        val snapshot = try {
+            readState()
+        } catch (cancellation: CancellationException) {
+            throw cancellation
+        } catch (error: Exception) {
+            return recordFailure(RotationStage.READ_STATE, error)
+        } ?: return RotationOutcome.NotEnrolled
+
+        val state = snapshot.renewalState
+        val at = now()
+        val failedAt = lastFailureAt
+        val decision = RotationPolicy.decide(
+            state = state,
+            now = at,
+            lastFailureAt = failedAt,
+            expiredRecoveryGrace = expiredRecoveryGrace,
+            failureBackoff = failureBackoff,
+        )
+        return when (decision) {
+            RotationDecision.NOT_DUE -> RotationOutcome.NotDue(state.renewAfter)
+            RotationDecision.BACKING_OFF ->
+                // The policy only answers BACKING_OFF when a failure was recorded, so `failedAt` is
+                // present; fall back to `at` rather than assert, so a logic change cannot crash here.
+                RotationOutcome.BackingOff((failedAt ?: at).plus(failureBackoff))
+            RotationDecision.RENEW ->
+                attempt(RotationStage.RENEW, snapshot, renew, RotationOutcome.Renewed)
+            RotationDecision.RECOVER ->
+                attempt(RotationStage.RECOVER, snapshot, recover, RotationOutcome.Recovered)
+            RotationDecision.RE_ENROLL_REQUIRED -> reEnrollRequired(snapshot, at)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run one re-issuance [operation] against the persisted control plane. The operation is passed in
+     * rather than selected from [stage] so there is no unreachable "stage that is not an attempt"
+     * branch to get wrong.
+     */
+    private suspend fun attempt(
+        stage: RotationStage,
+        snapshot: DeviceRotationSnapshot,
+        operation: suspend (controlPlaneUrl: String) -> Unit,
+        success: RotationOutcome,
+    ): RotationOutcome {
+        val deviceId = snapshot.renewalState.deviceId
+        val controlPlaneUrl = snapshot.controlPlaneUrl.trim()
+        if (controlPlaneUrl.isEmpty()) {
+            log("rotation: device $deviceId has no persisted control-plane URL; re-enroll to record it")
+            return RotationOutcome.NotConfigured(deviceId)
+        }
+        return try {
+            operation(controlPlaneUrl)
+            lastFailureAt = null
+            log("rotation: device $deviceId certificate ${stage.name.lowercase()} succeeded")
+            success
+        } catch (cancellation: CancellationException) {
+            throw cancellation
+        } catch (error: Exception) {
+            recordFailure(stage, error)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun reEnrollRequired(snapshot: DeviceRotationSnapshot, at: Instant): RotationOutcome {
+        val notAfter = snapshot.renewalState.notAfter
+        val expiredFor = if (notAfter == null) Duration.ZERO else Duration.between(notAfter, at)
+        log(
+            "rotation: device ${snapshot.renewalState.deviceId} certificate expired ${expiredFor.toDays()}d ago, " +
+                "past the ${expiredRecoveryGrace.toDays()}d recovery window; a fresh enroll is required",
+        )
+        return RotationOutcome.ReEnrollRequired(expiredFor)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Record + report a failure. The prior identity is untouched, so the next pass can succeed. Only
+     * the error's SHAPE is kept — never `message`, which can embed a URL, a body or a credential.
+     */
+    private fun recordFailure(stage: RotationStage, error: Exception): RotationOutcome {
+        lastFailureAt = now()
+        val shape = errorShapeOf(error)
+        log("rotation: ${stage.name.lowercase()} failed ($shape); the current certificate stays live")
+        return RotationOutcome.Failed(stage, shape)
+    }
+
+    public companion object {
+        private const val TAG = "CertRotation"
+
+        /**
+         * The error's non-secret shape. A server rejection keeps its status + uniform `error` code
+         * (401 = expired beyond grace / untrusted, 403 = revoked or mismatched, 429 = rate limited),
+         * which is exactly the diagnostic value needed; everything else degrades to the class name.
+         */
+        private fun errorShapeOf(error: Exception): String = when (error) {
+            is DeviceEnrollmentError.Http ->
+                "Http(${error.status}${error.code?.let { ",$it" } ?: ""})"
+            else -> error.javaClass.simpleName
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Production wiring — the single composition point, so a DI module needs one provider.
+         *
+         * [mtlsTransport] is the app's shared REST transport, which presents the current device
+         * certificate; [plainTransport] builds a SEPARATE client with NO client identity, used only by
+         * the recovery path. That separation is load-bearing: an expired leaf presented on a handshake
+         * makes nginx answer a bare 400 (it will not forward an expired client cert in any
+         * `ssl_verify_client` mode), which is the deadlock recovery exists to escape. The plain client
+         * is built lazily, so the common (renew) path never pays for it.
+         *
+         * Store reads and both HTTP calls are hopped onto [ioDispatcher] — the first identity touch
+         * does synchronous AndroidKeyStore + Tink work and must never run on `Dispatchers.Main`.
+         *
+         * [sharedClient] / [mtlsTransport] / [plainTransport] are SUPPLIERS, not values, for the same
+         * reason [EnrollmentFlowFactory] takes `dagger.Lazy`: resolving the shared client builds the
+         * mTLS `SSLSocketFactory` (keystore I/O). As suppliers they are invoked only inside the
+         * [ioDispatcher] hop, so a DI provider for this scheduler is itself I/O-free and can be
+         * resolved from the main thread without risking an ANR.
+         */
+        public fun create(
+            certStore: CertStore,
+            recordStore: EnrollmentRecordStore,
+            cacheRefresher: IdentityCacheRefresher,
+            sharedClient: () -> OkHttpClient,
+            mtlsTransport: () -> HttpTransport,
+            plainTransport: () -> HttpTransport = { OkHttpHttpTransport(OkHttpClientFactory.create()) },
+            ioDispatcher: CoroutineDispatcher = Dispatchers.IO,
+            now: () -> Instant = { Instant.now() },
+            log: (String) -> Unit = { Log.i(TAG, it) },
+        ): CertificateRotationScheduler {
+            val rotationStore = DeviceRotationStore(certStore, recordStore)
+            fun enroller(controlPlaneUrl: String, withRecovery: Boolean): DeviceEnroller =
+                DeviceEnroller(
+                    client = DeviceEnrollmentClient(controlPlaneUrl, mtlsTransport()),
+                    certStore = certStore,
+                    recordStore = recordStore,
+                    sharedClient = sharedClient(),
+                    cacheRefresher = cacheRefresher,
+                    recoveryClient =
+                    if (withRecovery) DeviceEnrollmentClient(controlPlaneUrl, plainTransport()) else null,
+                )
+            return CertificateRotationScheduler(
+                readState = { withContext(ioDispatcher) { rotationStore.read() } },
+                renew = { url -> withContext(ioDispatcher) { enroller(url, withRecovery = false).renew() } },
+                recover = { url -> withContext(ioDispatcher) { enroller(url, withRecovery = true).recover() } },
+                now = now,
+                log = log,
+            )
+        }
+    }
+}

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/wiring/TerminalSessionControllerImpl.kt

@@ -62,8 +62,10 @@ public class TerminalSessionControllerImpl(
 ) : TerminalSessionController by base {
 
     /**
-     * The forked Termux emulator for this session (no local process). The screen puts it on-screen via
-     * `attachView` and drives `updateSize`; A21 feeds it the remote output and routes its replies out.
+     * The forked Termux emulator for this session (no local process). The screen only puts it on-screen
+     * (`attachView`) / takes it off (`detachView`); the grid is driven from INSIDE `:terminal-view`
+     * (`RemoteTerminalHostView.onSizeChanged` → `TerminalResizeDriver` → `updateSize`), so nothing in `:app`
+     * computes cols×rows. A21's own two jobs are feeding it the remote output and routing its replies out.
      */
     public val remoteSession: RemoteTerminalSession =
         remoteSessionFactory(::routeEmulatorMessage) { raw -> onSanitizedTitle(TitleSanitizer.sanitize(raw)) }

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/wiring/TerminalThumbnailRasterizer.kt

@@ -24,56 +24,129 @@ import kotlin.math.ceil
  *
  * `TerminalRenderer`'s own `mFontWidth`/`mFontLineSpacing` are package-private, so this computes its own
  * cell metrics from the [Paint] (`ceil(measureText("X"))` and the ascent-to-descent span), exactly as
- * `TerminalRenderer` derives them.
+ * `TerminalRenderer` derives them — as a TEMPLATE that [ThumbnailBudget.cellMetrics] then shrinks to the
+ * thumbnail budget, so the raster is born at roughly the size the card displays.
+ *
+ * ### Two bounds, both server-input driven (both are pure and JVM-tested)
+ *  - [ThumbnailGrid] clamps `cols`/`rows` (SERVER-supplied; `src/protocol.ts` validates resize only to
+ *    1..1000) and — load-bearing — derives the emulator's `transcriptRows` so it is never below the screen
+ *    height. Termux's `TerminalBuffer.externalToInternalRow` is `(mScreenFirstRow + row) % mTotalRows`, so
+ *    a `transcriptRows < rows` buffer ALIASES external rows onto each other and the thumbnail draws
+ *    duplicated rows (this was the bug: a fixed `TERMINAL_TRANSCRIPT_ROWS_MIN` = 100 against `rows` ≤ 200).
+ *  - [ThumbnailBudget.cellMetrics] shrinks the CELL so the full-resolution intermediate can never exceed
+ *    [ThumbnailBudget.MAX_WIDTH_PX] × [ThumbnailBudget.MAX_HEIGHT_PX] (≤ 900 KiB ARGB_8888) — previously a
+ *    legitimately-sized 1000×1000 session forced a 31 MB allocation per render, ×2 concurrent permits, on
+ *    every 5 s poll tick, which degrades safely (OOM is caught) but invites an LMK kill of the whole app.
  *
  * android.graphics is stubbed in JVM unit tests, so this class is exercised by device QA (plan §7,
  * `:terminal-view` instrumented "thumbnail rasterisation non-null"); the pipeline policy around it is
- * JVM-tested via the [ThumbnailRasterizer] seam.
+ * JVM-tested via the [ThumbnailRasterizer] seam, and its two size bounds via [ThumbnailGrid] /
+ * [ThumbnailBudget] (pure) plus a real off-screen [TerminalEmulator] (pure Java — no android.graphics).
  */
 public class CanvasThumbnailRasterizer(
     private val fontSizePx: Float = DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE_PX,
     typeface: Typeface = Typeface.MONOSPACE,
+    private val maxWidthPx: Int = ThumbnailBudget.MAX_WIDTH_PX,
+    private val maxHeightPx: Int = ThumbnailBudget.MAX_HEIGHT_PX,
 ) : ThumbnailRasterizer {
 
-    private val paint = Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG).apply {
+    /**
+     * METRICS ONLY — never used to draw. `ThumbnailPipeline` renders up to `MAX_CONCURRENT_RENDERS` (2)
+     * thumbnails at once on ONE rasterizer instance, so a shared draw `Paint` would be mutated
+     * (colour/bold/style per cell) by two coroutines concurrently — a data race producing wrong colours or
+     * a torn draw. Each [rasterize] therefore copies this template into its own local `Paint`.
+     */
+    private val metricsPaint = Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG).apply {
         this.typeface = typeface
         textSize = fontSizePx
     }
-    private val cellWidth: Int = ceil(paint.measureText("X").toDouble()).toInt().coerceAtLeast(1)
-    private val cellHeight: Int = (paint.fontMetricsInt.descent - paint.fontMetricsInt.ascent).coerceAtLeast(1)
-    private val baselineOffset: Int = -paint.fontMetricsInt.ascent
+
+    /** The UNSCALED cell size at [fontSizePx]; [ThumbnailBudget.cellMetrics] shrinks it per render. */
+    private val templateCellWidth: Int = ceil(metricsPaint.measureText("X").toDouble()).toInt().coerceAtLeast(1)
+    private val templateCellHeight: Int =
+        (metricsPaint.fontMetricsInt.descent - metricsPaint.fontMetricsInt.ascent).coerceAtLeast(1)
+    private val templateBaseline: Int = -metricsPaint.fontMetricsInt.ascent
 
     override fun rasterize(preview: SessionPreview): Bitmap {
-        val cols = preview.cols.coerceIn(1, MAX_COLS)
-        val rows = preview.rows.coerceIn(1, MAX_ROWS)
-        val emulator = TerminalEmulator(NoOpOutput, cols, rows, TerminalEmulator.TERMINAL_TRANSCRIPT_ROWS_MIN, NoOpClient)
+        val grid = ThumbnailGrid.of(preview.cols, preview.rows)
+        val cell = ThumbnailBudget.cellMetrics(
+            cols = grid.cols,
+            rows = grid.rows,
+            templateWidth = templateCellWidth,
+            templateHeight = templateCellHeight,
+            maxWidth = maxWidthPx,
+            maxHeight = maxHeightPx,
+        )
+        val emulator = TerminalEmulator(NoOpOutput, grid.cols, grid.rows, grid.transcriptRows, NoOpClient)
         val bytes = preview.data.toByteArray(Charsets.UTF_8)
         emulator.append(bytes, bytes.size)
 
-        val bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(cols * cellWidth, rows * cellHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888)
-        val canvas = Canvas(bitmap)
+        // Per-render Paint (see [metricsPaint]); its text size follows the shrunken cell, so a glyph never
+        // smears across the neighbouring cells of a downsized grid.
+        val paint = Paint(metricsPaint).apply { textSize = fontSizePx * cell.textScale }
+        val geometry = RenderGeometry(
+            cols = grid.cols,
+            cellWidth = cell.width,
+            cellHeight = cell.height,
+            baseline = (templateBaseline * cell.textScale).toInt().coerceIn(1, cell.height),
+        )
+        val full = Bitmap.createBitmap(
+            grid.cols * cell.width,
+            grid.rows * cell.height,
+            Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888,
+        )
+        val canvas = Canvas(full)
         val palette = emulator.mColors.mCurrentColors
         val defaultBg = palette[TextStyle.COLOR_INDEX_BACKGROUND]
         canvas.drawColor(defaultBg)
-        for (row in 0 until rows) {
-            drawRow(canvas, emulator, row, cols, palette, defaultBg)
+        for (row in 0 until grid.rows) {
+            drawRow(canvas, paint, emulator, row, geometry, palette, defaultBg)
         }
-        return bitmap
+        return downscaleToBudget(full)
     }
 
     override fun placeholder(): Bitmap {
-        val bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(cellWidth, cellHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888)
+        val bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(templateCellWidth, templateCellHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888)
         bitmap.eraseColor(PLACEHOLDER_COLOR)
         return bitmap
     }
 
-    private fun drawRow(canvas: Canvas, emulator: TerminalEmulator, row: Int, cols: Int, palette: IntArray, defaultBg: Int) {
+    /**
+     * Safety net over [ThumbnailBudget.cellMetrics]: the cell shrink already keeps the raster inside the
+     * budget, so this is normally a no-op (`scaledSize` returns `null` ⇒ no second allocation). It stays
+     * because it is the ONE place that bounds a bitmap that arrived larger than the budget by any route,
+     * and it recycles the oversized source immediately rather than caching multiple MiB per session.
+     */
+    private fun downscaleToBudget(full: Bitmap): Bitmap {
+        val target = ThumbnailBudget.scaledSize(full.width, full.height, maxWidthPx, maxHeightPx) ?: return full
+        val scaled = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(full, target.width, target.height, true)
+        if (scaled !== full) full.recycle()
+        return scaled
+    }
+
+    /** Immutable per-render draw geometry (the grid width plus the px size of one cell). */
+    private data class RenderGeometry(
+        val cols: Int,
+        val cellWidth: Int,
+        val cellHeight: Int,
+        val baseline: Int,
+    )
+
+    private fun drawRow(
+        canvas: Canvas,
+        paint: Paint,
+        emulator: TerminalEmulator,
+        row: Int,
+        geometry: RenderGeometry,
+        palette: IntArray,
+        defaultBg: Int,
+    ) {
         val screen = emulator.screen
         val line = screen.allocateFullLineIfNecessary(screen.externalToInternalRow(row))
         val text = line.mText
-        val top = (row * cellHeight).toFloat()
-        val baseline = (row * cellHeight + baselineOffset).toFloat()
-        for (col in 0 until cols) {
+        val top = (row * geometry.cellHeight).toFloat()
+        val baseline = (row * geometry.cellHeight + geometry.baseline).toFloat()
+        for (col in 0 until geometry.cols) {
             val style = line.getStyle(col)
             val effect = TextStyle.decodeEffect(style)
             val bold = (effect and (TextStyle.CHARACTER_ATTRIBUTE_BOLD or TextStyle.CHARACTER_ATTRIBUTE_BLINK)) != 0
@@ -83,11 +156,11 @@ public class CanvasThumbnailRasterizer(
             var bg = resolveColor(TextStyle.decodeBackColor(style), palette, boldBright = false)
             if (inverse) { val swap = fg; fg = bg; bg = swap }
 
-            val left = (col * cellWidth).toFloat()
+            val left = (col * geometry.cellWidth).toFloat()
             if (bg != defaultBg) {
                 paint.color = bg
                 paint.style = Paint.Style.FILL
-                canvas.drawRect(left, top, left + cellWidth, top + cellHeight, paint)
+                canvas.drawRect(left, top, left + geometry.cellWidth, top + geometry.cellHeight, paint)
             }
             val start = line.findStartOfColumn(col)
             val end = line.findStartOfColumn(col + 1)
@@ -111,13 +184,9 @@ public class CanvasThumbnailRasterizer(
     }
 
     public companion object {
-        /** Default glyph size for a thumbnail (px). Small — the card downscales anyway. */
+        /** Default glyph size for a thumbnail (px). Small — the cell shrink and the card scale it anyway. */
         public const val DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE_PX: Float = 12f
 
-        /** Clamp the off-screen grid so a rogue preview geometry can't allocate an enormous bitmap. */
-        public const val MAX_COLS: Int = 400
-        public const val MAX_ROWS: Int = 200
-
         /** Opaque dark-grey placeholder for the fetch/render-failure fallback. */
         public const val PLACEHOLDER_COLOR: Int = -0xdfdfe0 // 0xFF202020
 
@@ -126,6 +195,148 @@ public class CanvasThumbnailRasterizer(
     }
 }
 
+/**
+ * The off-screen emulator's GRID, derived from a preview's SERVER-supplied geometry. Pure, so the two
+ * things that are easy to get catastrophically wrong are JVM-testable (android.graphics is stubbed
+ * off-device).
+ *
+ * `cols`/`rows` come off the wire: `src/protocol.ts` validates a resize only to 1..1000, so a preview may
+ * legitimately claim 1000×1000 and the grid must be clamped before anything is allocated from it.
+ */
+public object ThumbnailGrid {
+    /**
+     * Grid clamp, tied to the raster budget rather than picked by feel: one cell can never be narrower or
+     * shorter than 1 px, so a grid wider than [ThumbnailBudget.MAX_WIDTH_PX] (or taller than
+     * [ThumbnailBudget.MAX_HEIGHT_PX]) could not fit the budget at ANY cell size. Everything a real
+     * terminal reports — 80×24 up to a 4K-monitor 400×120 — is far inside this, so the clamp only ever
+     * crops geometry no terminal actually has.
+     */
+    public const val MAX_COLS: Int = ThumbnailBudget.MAX_WIDTH_PX
+    public const val MAX_ROWS: Int = ThumbnailBudget.MAX_HEIGHT_PX
+
+    /** The clamped screen grid plus the emulator's scrollback depth. [transcriptRows] is always ≥ [rows]. */
+    public data class Grid(val cols: Int, val rows: Int, val transcriptRows: Int)
+
+    /**
+     * Clamp [cols]/[rows] into the budget and pick the emulator's `transcriptRows`.
+     *
+     * **`transcriptRows` MUST be ≥ `rows`.** Termux's `TerminalBuffer` keeps `mTotalRows = transcriptRows`
+     * and maps `externalToInternalRow(row) = (mScreenFirstRow + row) % mTotalRows`, so a buffer with fewer
+     * total rows than screen rows silently aliases external row *n* onto *n − mTotalRows* — the thumbnail
+     * would draw duplicated rows and the emulator would scroll against invalid state during `append`.
+     * The floor is `TERMINAL_TRANSCRIPT_ROWS_MIN` because `TerminalEmulator` itself rejects anything below
+     * it (falling back to its 2000-row default), which is more scrollback than a preview ever needs.
+     */
+    public fun of(cols: Int, rows: Int): Grid {
+        val clampedRows = rows.coerceIn(1, MAX_ROWS)
+        return Grid(
+            cols = cols.coerceIn(1, MAX_COLS),
+            rows = clampedRows,
+            transcriptRows = clampedRows.coerceAtLeast(TerminalEmulator.TERMINAL_TRANSCRIPT_ROWS_MIN),
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The pure raster-size budget for a preview thumbnail: how large a rasterised terminal screen may be, both
+ * as drawn ([cellMetrics]) and as kept ([scaledSize]). Split out of [CanvasThumbnailRasterizer] so the
+ * arithmetic is JVM-unit-testable (android.graphics is stubbed off-device), while the `Bitmap`/`Canvas`
+ * work stays device-QA.
+ *
+ * All of it is integer arithmetic on purpose: a float `floor` could round a cell size *up* past the bound
+ * it is supposed to enforce, and the bound is the thing standing between a rogue geometry and an LMK kill.
+ */
+public object ThumbnailBudget {
+    /**
+     * Max thumbnail width (px). The row tile is ~96dp (≈288px at 3× density) and drawn with
+     * `ContentScale.Crop`, so 480px keeps it crisp on any density.
+     */
+    public const val MAX_WIDTH_PX: Int = 480
+
+    /**
+     * Max thumbnail height (px). A terminal screen is wider than tall (80×24 lands near 480×288), so this
+     * only binds a tall/narrow session — but it MUST exist: with a width-only bound a 20×200 session was
+     * unbounded in height (it rasterised to 140×2800 = 1.5 MiB and was cached at full size, because its
+     * width was already inside the budget).
+     */
+    public const val MAX_HEIGHT_PX: Int = 480
+
+    /** A raster target size in px. */
+    public data class RasterSize(val width: Int, val height: Int)
+
+    /** The px size of ONE cell, plus the text-size factor that keeps glyphs inside it. */
+    public data class CellMetrics(val width: Int, val height: Int, val textScale: Float)
+
+    /**
+     * The cell size to draw [cols]×[rows] at, shrunk from the font's own [templateWidth]×[templateHeight]
+     * so the whole raster fits [maxWidth]×[maxHeight] — the screen is never cropped to fit, the cells are.
+     *
+     * Guarantees, for `cols ≤ maxWidth` and `rows ≤ maxHeight` (which [ThumbnailGrid] enforces):
+     *  - `cols * width ≤ maxWidth` and `rows * height ≤ maxHeight` — so the ARGB_8888 intermediate is at
+     *    most `maxWidth * maxHeight * 4` bytes (900 KiB at the defaults) whatever the server reports;
+     *  - the cell aspect ratio is preserved (both axes take the SAME scale factor), so text keeps its
+     *    shape instead of being squeezed on one axis;
+     *  - never upscales (the factor is capped at 1) and never returns a 0-px cell.
+     */
+    public fun cellMetrics(
+        cols: Int,
+        rows: Int,
+        templateWidth: Int,
+        templateHeight: Int,
+        maxWidth: Int = MAX_WIDTH_PX,
+        maxHeight: Int = MAX_HEIGHT_PX,
+    ): CellMetrics {
+        val cellWidth = templateWidth.coerceAtLeast(1)
+        val cellHeight = templateHeight.coerceAtLeast(1)
+        val scale = fitScale(
+            width = cols.coerceAtLeast(1).toLong() * cellWidth,
+            height = rows.coerceAtLeast(1).toLong() * cellHeight,
+            maxWidth = maxWidth,
+            maxHeight = maxHeight,
+        )
+        return CellMetrics(
+            width = scale.scaled(cellWidth),
+            height = scale.scaled(cellHeight),
+            textScale = scale.factor,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The size [width]×[height] should be scaled to, or `null` when it already fits [maxWidth]×[maxHeight]
+     * (draw as rendered — no extra allocation). Aspect ratio is preserved (the tighter axis wins) and
+     * neither side ever collapses to 0.
+     */
+    public fun scaledSize(
+        width: Int,
+        height: Int,
+        maxWidth: Int = MAX_WIDTH_PX,
+        maxHeight: Int = MAX_HEIGHT_PX,
+    ): RasterSize? {
+        if (width <= 0 || height <= 0) return null
+        if (width <= maxWidth && height <= maxHeight) return null
+        val scale = fitScale(width.toLong(), height.toLong(), maxWidth, maxHeight)
+        return RasterSize(width = scale.scaled(width), height = scale.scaled(height))
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The largest factor ≤ 1 that fits [width]×[height] inside [maxWidth]×[maxHeight], as an EXACT fraction
+     * (see the class note on integer arithmetic — a float would round a size up past the bound it enforces).
+     */
+    private fun fitScale(width: Long, height: Long, maxWidth: Int, maxHeight: Int): Scale = when {
+        width <= maxWidth && height <= maxHeight -> Scale(1L, 1L)
+        maxWidth.toLong() * height <= maxHeight.toLong() * width -> Scale(maxWidth.toLong(), width)
+        else -> Scale(maxHeight.toLong(), height)
+    }
+
+    /** A shrink factor `num/den` (≤ 1), applied to px sizes by exact integer division. */
+    private data class Scale(private val num: Long, private val den: Long) {
+        /** [px] shrunk by this factor, floored, never below 1 px. */
+        fun scaled(px: Int): Int = (px * num / den).toInt().coerceAtLeast(1)
+
+        val factor: Float get() = num.toFloat() / den.toFloat()
+    }
+}
+
 /** Off-screen emulator sink: the preview emulator produces no wire output and needs no delegates. */
 private object NoOpOutput : TerminalOutput() {
     override fun write(data: ByteArray?, offset: Int, count: Int) = Unit

android/app/src/main/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/wiring/ThumbnailPipeline.kt

@@ -6,17 +6,24 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.CancellationException
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Deferred
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.NonCancellable
 import kotlinx.coroutines.SupervisorJob
+import kotlinx.coroutines.TimeoutCancellationException
 import kotlinx.coroutines.async
 import kotlinx.coroutines.cancel
+import kotlinx.coroutines.currentCoroutineContext
+import kotlinx.coroutines.isActive
 import kotlinx.coroutines.sync.Mutex
 import kotlinx.coroutines.sync.Semaphore
 import kotlinx.coroutines.sync.withLock
 import kotlinx.coroutines.sync.withPermit
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withTimeout
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.LiveSessionInfo
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.SessionPreview
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.routes.ApiClient
 import java.util.UUID
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap
 
 /**
  * Off-screen terminal-preview rasterisation for the session-list / manage-page thumbnails (plan §6.7).
@@ -28,7 +35,7 @@ import java.util.UUID
  * [ThumbnailRasterizer] seam so this policy (cache, concurrency, dedup, failure fallback) stays
  * JVM-unit-testable while the pixel raster is verified on-device (android.graphics is stubbed off-device).
  *
- * ### The four policies (plan §6.7)
+ * ### The policies (plan §6.7)
  *  - **Cache** — an [LruCache] keyed on `(sessionId, lastOutputAt)`. `lastOutputAt` is the server's
  *    last-PTY-output timestamp, so an UNCHANGED `lastOutputAt` means the screen is byte-identical and we
  *    return the cached bitmap WITHOUT re-fetching or re-rendering. Keying goes through the [BitmapCache]
@@ -37,8 +44,16 @@ import java.util.UUID
  *    grid of many cards never spawns dozens of concurrent emulators / large-bitmap allocations.
  *  - **In-flight dedup** — a `Map<Key, Deferred<Bitmap>>` under a [Mutex]: a second request for a key
  *    already rendering AWAITS the first's [Deferred] instead of starting a duplicate fetch/render.
- *  - **Failure fallback** — any fetch/render failure caches the rasterizer's PLACEHOLDER bitmap under the
- *    same key, so a broken/oversized session is not retried in a hot scroll loop.
+ *  - **Supersede (coalesce per session)** — `lastOutputAt` advances on every PTY output and the list polls
+ *    every 5 s, so an ACTIVE session mints a new key on every tick. Only the newest key per session id may
+ *    be in flight: a newer key CANCELS the older render, which both frees its permit for the key the row is
+ *    actually showing (otherwise obsolete work queues ahead of it and the tile visibly lags) and stops the
+ *    unbounded growth of `inFlight` once per-render latency exceeds the 5 s arrival rate on a slow link.
+ *  - **Timeout** — the fetch+render of one thumbnail is bounded (see [DEFAULT_RENDER_TIMEOUT_MS]). Without
+ *    it two slow-trickle previews hold both permits forever (OkHttp sets no `callTimeout`, and its
+ *    per-socket read timeout is reset by every trickled byte) and NO thumbnail renders again until [close].
+ *  - **Failure fallback** — any fetch/render failure, timeout included, caches the rasterizer's PLACEHOLDER
+ *    bitmap under the same key, so a broken/oversized session is not retried in a hot scroll loop.
  *
  * The render coroutine runs in this pipeline's own [scope] (not the caller's), so a caller that scrolls
  * a card off-screen and cancels its collect never cancels a shared render other cards still await.
@@ -49,6 +64,7 @@ public class ThumbnailPipeline(
     private val cache: BitmapCache = LruBitmapCache(DEFAULT_CACHE_BYTES),
     dispatcher: kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineDispatcher = Dispatchers.Default,
     maxConcurrent: Int = MAX_CONCURRENT_RENDERS,
+    private val renderTimeoutMs: Long = DEFAULT_RENDER_TIMEOUT_MS,
 ) {
     private val scope: CoroutineScope = CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + dispatcher)
 
@@ -56,16 +72,36 @@ public class ThumbnailPipeline(
     private val renderGate = Semaphore(maxConcurrent)
 
     /** In-flight renders by key; guarded by [inFlightMutex]. A second same-key request shares the entry. */
-    private val inFlight = HashMap<ThumbnailKey, Deferred<Bitmap>>()
+    private val inFlight = HashMap<ThumbnailKey, Deferred<Bitmap?>>()
     private val inFlightMutex = Mutex()
 
     /**
-     * The cached (or freshly rendered) thumbnail for [session]. Returns the cached bitmap immediately when
-     * `(id, lastOutputAt)` is unchanged; otherwise fetches the preview over mTLS, rasterises off-screen,
-     * caches, and returns it. Never throws for a fetch/render failure — a placeholder is cached and
-     * returned instead (only cooperative cancellation of [scope] propagates).
+     * The newest key requested per session id — the supersede rule's state, and the cache-publish gate.
+     * Concurrent (not [inFlightMutex]-guarded) because [retainOnly] is a plain, non-suspending call from a
+     * `LaunchedEffect` and must be able to drop a killed session's entry without a coroutine.
      */
-    public suspend fun thumbnail(session: LiveSessionInfo): Bitmap {
+    private val latestKeyBySession = ConcurrentHashMap<UUID, ThumbnailKey>()
+
+    /**
+     * Orders a cache PUBLISH against a concurrent [retainOnly] prune, so a render that finishes after its
+     * session was pruned cannot re-insert a bitmap the prune just dropped. Always the INNERMOST lock (never
+     * held across a suspension), so it cannot participate in a cycle with [inFlightMutex].
+     */
+    private val publishLock = Any()
+
+    /**
+     * The cached (or freshly rendered) thumbnail for [session], or `null` when no bitmap at all could be
+     * produced. Returns the cached bitmap immediately when `(id, lastOutputAt)` is unchanged; otherwise
+     * fetches the preview over mTLS, rasterises off-screen, caches, and returns it.
+     *
+     * **Never throws for a fetch/render failure** — a fetch/raster failure or a timeout caches the
+     * rasterizer's placeholder (no retry storm), and the residual case where even the placeholder cannot be
+     * allocated (a `Bitmap` OOM) degrades to `null` rather than an exception: the caller is a row's
+     * `LaunchedEffect`, so a throw would take down the composition. Only cancellation of the CALLER
+     * propagates; a render killed by [close] or superseded by a newer key for the same session also
+     * surfaces as `null` (the caller is still alive — it just has no thumbnail for this key).
+     */
+    public suspend fun thumbnail(session: LiveSessionInfo): Bitmap? {
         val key = ThumbnailKey(session.id, session.lastOutputAt)
         // Fast path: an unchanged lastOutputAt ⇒ identical screen ⇒ never re-render (§6.7).
         cache.get(key)?.let { return it }
@@ -74,9 +110,40 @@ public class ThumbnailPipeline(
             // Re-check under the lock: a render that finished between the fast path and here has already
             // populated the cache and removed its in-flight entry.
             cache.get(key)?.let { return it }
+            // A CLOSED pipeline must not insert: `scope.async` on a cancelled scope never runs the body, so
+            // the finally that frees the slot never runs and the key would keep a dead Deferred forever
+            // (every later request awaiting it for null, and `inFlight` growing by every distinct key).
+            if (!scope.isActive) return null
+            supersedeOlderRenders(key)
             inFlight[key] ?: startRender(key).also { inFlight[key] = it }
         }
-        return deferred.await()
+        return try {
+            deferred.await()
+        } catch (cancel: CancellationException) {
+            // Distinguish "the render was closed/superseded under us" (→ no thumbnail) from "OUR caller was
+            // cancelled" (→ propagate, so the collector tears down as structured concurrency requires).
+            if (currentCoroutineContext().isActive) null else throw cancel
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Release every cached bitmap that is not part of the CURRENT live list — killed/exited sessions and
+     * superseded `lastOutputAt` keys — so the cache holds only what the chooser can still display. The
+     * [LruCache] byte budget already bounds worst-case memory; this returns the memory promptly instead of
+     * waiting for eviction pressure, and keeps dead sessions from occupying the budget at all.
+     *
+     * A render still in flight for a session that just disappeared can no longer re-insert its bitmap after
+     * this prune: dropping the session's [latestKeyBySession] entry closes the publish gate, and both sides
+     * run under [publishLock] so the check cannot straddle the prune. (A caller that KEEPS asking for a
+     * pruned session is a different thing and still caches — it asked.)
+     */
+    public fun retainOnly(live: Collection<LiveSessionInfo>) {
+        val liveIds = live.mapTo(HashSet()) { it.id }
+        val liveKeys = live.mapTo(HashSet()) { ThumbnailKey(it.id, it.lastOutputAt) }
+        synchronized(publishLock) {
+            latestKeyBySession.keys.retainAll(liveIds)
+            cache.retainOnly(liveKeys)
+        }
     }
 
     /** Cancel all in-flight renders and release the pipeline scope (call from the owner's teardown). */
@@ -84,40 +151,133 @@ public class ThumbnailPipeline(
         scope.cancel()
     }
 
-    private fun startRender(key: ThumbnailKey): Deferred<Bitmap> = scope.async {
-        val bitmap = renderGuarded(key.sessionId)
-        // Publish under the lock so a concurrent [thumbnail] re-check sees the result the instant this
-        // key stops being in-flight — success AND placeholder are cached identically (§6.7 no-retry-storm).
-        inFlightMutex.withLock {
-            cache.put(key, bitmap)
-            inFlight.remove(key)
-        }
-        bitmap
+    /** Test-only: live in-flight entries. A non-zero count after [close] would be a leaked key. */
+    internal suspend fun inFlightCount(): Int = inFlightMutex.withLock { inFlight.size }
+
+    /**
+     * Make [key] the session's newest key and abandon any older in-flight render for the SAME session — the
+     * supersede rule. Caller MUST hold [inFlightMutex]; `Deferred.cancel` does not suspend, so cancelling
+     * from inside the critical section is safe (the render's own `finally` takes the mutex afterwards).
+     *
+     * An out-of-order request for an OLDER screen than one already in flight is left alone: it still renders
+     * and returns a bitmap to its caller, but it does not become the newest key, so the publish gate keeps
+     * its result out of the cache instead of overwriting fresher work.
+     */
+    private fun supersedeOlderRenders(key: ThumbnailKey) {
+        val previous = latestKeyBySession[key.sessionId]
+        if (previous == key) return
+        if (previous != null && depictsOlderScreen(key, previous)) return
+        latestKeyBySession[key.sessionId] = key
+        previous?.let { inFlight.remove(it)?.cancel() }
     }
 
-    private suspend fun renderGuarded(sessionId: UUID): Bitmap =
+    private fun startRender(key: ThumbnailKey): Deferred<Bitmap?> = scope.async {
+        var rendered: Bitmap? = null
+        try {
+            rendered = renderGuarded(key.sessionId)
+            rendered
+        } finally {
+            // Release the in-flight slot on EVERY path the body can leave by — normal return, cancellation
+            // (closed/superseded) and an unexpected throw — because a retained entry would poison the key:
+            // every later request for it would await a dead Deferred forever. NonCancellable so the cleanup
+            // still runs while cancelling. (The one path that cannot run this is a scope cancelled between
+            // the `isActive` check in [thumbnail] and `scope.async` itself, where the body never starts —
+            // the pipeline is closed by then and this whole map is discarded with it.)
+            withContext(NonCancellable) {
+                inFlightMutex.withLock {
+                    // Publish under the same lock, so a concurrent [thumbnail] re-check sees the result the
+                    // instant the key stops being in-flight. Success AND placeholder cache identically
+                    // (§6.7 no-retry-storm); an unproducible bitmap caches nothing and may be retried.
+                    publish(key, rendered)
+                    inFlight.remove(key)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Cache [bitmap] under [key] unless the key is no longer the one the UI wants: superseded by newer
+     * output for the same session, or pruned by [retainOnly] because the session is gone. Caching either
+     * would spend the LRU budget on a bitmap nothing will ever request again.
+     */
+    private fun publish(key: ThumbnailKey, bitmap: Bitmap?) {
+        if (bitmap == null) return
+        synchronized(publishLock) {
+            if (latestKeyBySession[key.sessionId] != key) return
+            cache.put(key, bitmap)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private suspend fun renderGuarded(sessionId: UUID): Bitmap? =
         try {
             renderGate.withPermit {
-                val preview = previewSource.fetch(sessionId)
-                rasterizer.rasterize(preview)
+                // The timeout is INSIDE the permit so it budgets the work, not the wait for a permit, and
+                // the catch/fallback is OUTSIDE it so no placeholder is ever allocated holding a permit.
+                withTimeout(renderTimeoutMs) {
+                    val preview = previewSource.fetch(sessionId)
+                    rasterizer.rasterize(preview)
+                }
             }
+        } catch (timeout: TimeoutCancellationException) {
+            // MUST precede the CancellationException branch — a timeout IS one. Rethrowing it would turn a
+            // slow host into a permanently dead feature: the two permits are the only ones there are, and a
+            // render is deliberately not cancellable by any caller.
+            placeholderOrNull()
         } catch (e: CancellationException) {
-            throw e // never swallow cooperative cancellation
+            throw e // never swallow cooperative cancellation (closed pipeline / superseded key)
         } catch (t: Throwable) {
             // Any fetch/render failure (network, oversized body, malformed escape) → cache a placeholder
-            // so the broken session isn't retried on every scroll frame (§6.7).
-            rasterizer.placeholder()
+            // so the broken session isn't retried on every scroll frame (§6.7). If even the placeholder
+            // cannot be allocated, give up with null — never throw at a UI collector.
+            placeholderOrNull()
         }
 
+    /**
+     * The failure placeholder, or `null` when even that cannot be allocated (a `Bitmap` OOM). The failure
+     * itself is deliberately NOT logged: a preview failure can carry attacker-influenced text, and logcat
+     * must never see preview bytes (plan §8).
+     */
+    private fun placeholderOrNull(): Bitmap? = runCatching { rasterizer.placeholder() }.getOrNull()
+
+    /** `true` when [key] depicts an older screen than [other] (a smaller server `lastOutputAt`). */
+    private fun depictsOlderScreen(key: ThumbnailKey, other: ThumbnailKey): Boolean =
+        (key.lastOutputAt ?: 0L) < (other.lastOutputAt ?: 0L)
+
     public companion object {
         /** Plan §6.7: the render/fetch fan-out is capped at 2 concurrent renders. */
         public const val MAX_CONCURRENT_RENDERS: Int = 2
 
         /** Default LRU budget for cached thumbnails (bytes). Small — thumbnails are transient UI cache. */
         public const val DEFAULT_CACHE_BYTES: Int = 8 * 1024 * 1024
+
+        /**
+         * Budget for ONE fetch+render once it holds a permit. Generous next to a small preview GET over the
+         * shared client (OkHttp's own defaults are 10 s connect / 10 s per-read) — this is the liveness
+         * backstop for the trickle case those per-socket timeouts cannot catch, not a latency target.
+         */
+        public const val DEFAULT_RENDER_TIMEOUT_MS: Long = 15_000L
     }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Build the production preview pipeline for ONE host: the read-only [ApiPreviewSource] over that host's
+ * [ApiClient] (the shared mTLS `OkHttpClient`) feeding the [CanvasThumbnailRasterizer] off-screen painter,
+ * with the default LRU budget / `Semaphore(2)` cap / `Dispatchers.Default` render pool.
+ *
+ * This is the ONE construction point (`SessionsHome` wires the active host through it), so nothing else
+ * has to know which rasterizer or which cache the session chooser uses. [api] is a PROVIDER and is
+ * resolved lazily on the first fetch — inside the pipeline's own background dispatcher — so calling this
+ * from a composition does NO `OkHttpClient` / AndroidKeyStore / Tink work on `Main`.
+ *
+ * The owner MUST call [ThumbnailPipeline.close] when the surface goes away (the render scope outlives any
+ * single caller by design).
+ */
+public fun sessionThumbnailPipeline(api: () -> ApiClient): ThumbnailPipeline =
+    ThumbnailPipeline(
+        previewSource = ApiPreviewSource(api),
+        rasterizer = CanvasThumbnailRasterizer(),
+    )
+
 /**
  * Cache key: an unchanged `(sessionId, lastOutputAt)` pair means the server's last PTY output is
  * unchanged ⇒ the preview is byte-identical ⇒ the cached bitmap is reused verbatim (plan §6.7). A `null`
@@ -144,10 +304,17 @@ public interface ThumbnailRasterizer {
     public fun placeholder(): Bitmap
 }
 
-/** The bitmap cache seam. Production wraps [LruCache]; tests use a plain map so keying stays JVM-testable. */
+/**
+ * The bitmap cache seam. Production wraps [LruCache]; tests use a plain map so keying stays JVM-testable.
+ * Implementations MUST be thread-safe: [ThumbnailPipeline] reads it from an unsynchronised fast path and
+ * writes it from its render coroutines ([LruCache] is internally synchronised).
+ */
 public interface BitmapCache {
     public fun get(key: ThumbnailKey): Bitmap?
     public fun put(key: ThumbnailKey, bitmap: Bitmap)
+
+    /** Drop every entry whose key is not in [keys] (dead sessions / superseded `lastOutputAt`). */
+    public fun retainOnly(keys: Set<ThumbnailKey>)
 }
 
 /**
@@ -164,27 +331,57 @@ public class LruBitmapCache(maxBytes: Int) : BitmapCache {
     override fun put(key: ThumbnailKey, bitmap: Bitmap) {
         lru.put(key, bitmap)
     }
+
+    /** `snapshot()` is a copy, so removing while iterating it is safe (and `remove` is synchronised). */
+    override fun retainOnly(keys: Set<ThumbnailKey>) {
+        for (key in lru.snapshot().keys) {
+            if (key !in keys) lru.remove(key)
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 /**
  * Production [PreviewSource] over an [ApiClient] (which sends through the shared mTLS `HttpTransport`, so
- * tunnel-host previews traverse nginx). Re-caps the body at 256 KiB client-side — defence-in-depth over
- * the server's own cap (plan §6.7 / §4.2).
+ * tunnel-host previews traverse nginx). `GET /live-sessions/:id/preview` is a READ-ONLY route: it does NOT
+ * attach, register a client, or touch the session's idle clock. Bounds the emulator's input with
+ * [PreviewCap] (plan §6.7 / §4.2 — read its note on what that bound can and cannot do).
+ *
+ * [api] is a PROVIDER, not a client: resolving it resolves the shared `HttpTransport`, which builds the one
+ * `OkHttpClient` and first-touches the AndroidKeyStore/Tink mTLS material. That must never happen on the
+ * composition (`Main`) thread, so the client is materialised lazily inside [fetch], which runs on the
+ * pipeline's own background dispatcher (plan §"off-`Main` warm-up").
  */
-public class ApiPreviewSource(private val apiClient: ApiClient) : PreviewSource {
+public class ApiPreviewSource(api: () -> ApiClient) : PreviewSource {
+    private val apiClient: ApiClient by lazy(api)
+
     override suspend fun fetch(sessionId: UUID): SessionPreview =
         PreviewCap.cap(apiClient.preview(sessionId))
 }
 
-/** Client-side preview-size guard (plan §6.7: cap data at 256 KiB). Pure — JVM-testable. */
+/**
+ * Client-side bound on how much preview text reaches the off-screen emulator. Pure — JVM-testable.
+ *
+ * **What this is NOT:** it is not a defence against an oversized RESPONSE BODY. By the time it runs, the
+ * transport has already buffered the whole body into a `ByteArray` (`OkHttpHttpTransport` calls
+ * `body.bytes()`) and `ApiClient.preview` has decoded that into JSON and a `String` — so a rogue multi-MB
+ * body has already been allocated two or three times over, and capping here allocates one more copy. A real
+ * body bound has to live in the transport (an OkHttp response-body byte limit), which this class cannot
+ * reach; until then, the cap here only bounds the *downstream* cost: the VT parse in
+ * [TerminalEmulator][com.termux.terminal.TerminalEmulator]`.append` and the retained tail string.
+ */
 public object PreviewCap {
-    /** 256 KiB — mirrors the server's `GET /live-sessions/:id/preview` data cap. */
+    /**
+     * 256 KiB. This is the CLIENT's own ceiling, not a mirror of the server's: `src/config.ts` defaults
+     * `PREVIEW_BYTES` to **24 KiB** and lets an operator raise it with no upper bound, so this sits ~10× the
+     * default — big enough never to clip a normally-configured host's tail, small enough to keep the VT
+     * parse per poll tick bounded whatever a host is configured to (or lies about) sending.
+     */
     public const val MAX_PREVIEW_BYTES: Int = 256 * 1024
 
     /**
      * Cap [preview]'s UTF-8 byte length at [MAX_PREVIEW_BYTES], keeping the TAIL (the most recent screen)
-     * so a rogue/huge body can't drive an unbounded emulator append. A tail cut on a UTF-8 boundary at
-     * worst mangles one leading glyph — harmless for a thumbnail.
+     * so a huge body can't drive an unbounded emulator append. A tail cut on a UTF-8 boundary at worst
+     * mangles one leading glyph — harmless for a thumbnail.
      */
     public fun cap(preview: SessionPreview): SessionPreview {
         val bytes = preview.data.toByteArray(Charsets.UTF_8)

android/app/src/main/res/xml/data_extraction_rules.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+  B5 / ios-completion §1.1 — the app holds SECRET material on device: the per-host access token
+  (`WEBTERM_TOKEN`, Tink-encrypted in webterm_access_token_prefs) and the mTLS device identity
+  (AndroidKeyStore key + Tink-encrypted cert blob). None of it may leave the device.
+
+  `android:allowBackup="false"` already opts out of cloud backup / adb backup on every API level; this
+  file additionally covers API 31+ cloud-backup and device-to-device TRANSFER, where a plain
+  allowBackup=false does NOT by itself block transfer. Both sections exclude everything.
+
+  (The AndroidKeyStore private key is non-exportable regardless, so a transferred blob would be
+  undecryptable anyway — this is defence in depth, and it keeps the intent explicit.)
+-->
+<data-extraction-rules>
+    <cloud-backup>
+        <exclude domain="root" />
+        <exclude domain="file" />
+        <exclude domain="database" />
+        <exclude domain="sharedpref" />
+        <exclude domain="external" />
+    </cloud-backup>
+    <device-transfer>
+        <exclude domain="root" />
+        <exclude domain="file" />
+        <exclude domain="database" />
+        <exclude domain="sharedpref" />
+        <exclude domain="external" />
+    </device-transfer>
+</data-extraction-rules>

android/app/src/main/res/xml/network_security_config.xml

@@ -1,10 +1,84 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<!-- STUB (plan §8 / A19). Cleartext is OFF globally. A19 will add
-     <domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true"> entries for the private-LAN
-     and Tailscale CIDRs that legitimately need ws:// (10/8, 172.16/12,
-     192.168/16, 100.64/10). Tunnel (*.terminal.yaojia.wang) and Tailscale
-     MagicDNS hosts present real LE certs and use default system trust (§6.9),
-     so they stay under this base-config. -->
+<!--
+  Cleartext posture (plan §6.9 + §8 checklist "Cleartext posture"). READ BEFORE EDITING.
+
+  ── PLATFORM CONSTRAINT (verified against the schema, NOT assumed) ───────────────────────────
+  The network-security-config format has NO address-range syntax. Its entire vocabulary is
+  <network-security-config> / <base-config> / <domain-config> / <debug-overrides> / <domain> /
+  <trust-anchors> / <certificates> / <pin-set> / <pin>, with the attributes src,
+  includeSubdomains, cleartextTrafficPermitted, expiration and digest — that is the complete
+  set the validator shipping with our AGP accepts (com.android.tools.lint.checks.
+  NetworkSecurityConfigDetector, lint 32.2.1). A <domain> element holds exactly ONE hostname or
+  ONE IP literal, matched by exact / label-suffix comparison; there is no netmask, prefix or
+  CIDR attribute anywhere in the format, and no wildcard beyond includeSubdomains (which walks
+  DNS labels and therefore cannot generalise IPv4 literals — 192.168.1.5 is not a "subdomain"
+  of 192.168).
+
+  So the previous STUB comment here ("A19 will add <domain-config> entries for the private-LAN
+  and Tailscale CIDRs 10/8, 172.16/12, 192.168/16, 100.64/10") described a plan the platform
+  forbids: those four ranges are ~18.9M addresses and cannot be expressed at all. It has been
+  replaced by what is actually achievable.
+
+  ── DECISION: cleartext is PERMITTED in base-config ──────────────────────────────────────────
+  Bare-LAN `ws://` to a user-typed private address (http://192.168.1.5:3000) is this product's
+  PRIMARY use case (CLAUDE.md "What This Is"); HostEndpoint.fromBaseUrl accepts `http` and
+  derives `ws://`, and PairingViewModel treats RFC1918 as a legitimate tier. targetSdk is 35, so
+  the platform default is deny — with no CIDR syntax available, keeping the denial would make
+  EVERY LAN connect fail on a real device with UnknownServiceException ("CLEARTEXT communication
+  to <ip> not permitted by network security policy"), i.e. the app could only ever talk to the
+  tunnel. There is no narrower posture: the LAN address is user-supplied at runtime and this
+  file is a build-time resource, so it cannot be scoped to "the IP the user actually typed".
+
+  ── WHAT STILL GUARDS THE USER (the guard moved into the app; it did not disappear) ──────────
+  1. §5.4 warning tiers + confirm-before-network (PairingTiers / PairingViewModel): a PUBLIC
+     host needs an explicit risk acknowledge, PRIVATE_LAN gets the non-blocking `ws://`
+     cleartext notice, TAILSCALE gets none (WireGuard already encrypts). No dial happens
+     without a deliberate, warned confirm — that is the real UX guard, and it is unit-tested,
+     unlike a platform block that can only say "denied" after the fact.
+  2. Cleartext is DENIED below for the one hostname we control and always serve over TLS.
+  3. Trust anchors are pinned to SYSTEM certificates only (see <base-config>) — user-installed
+     CAs are NOT trusted, and there is deliberately NO <debug-overrides> trust-anchor block, so
+     no build variant of this app can be MITM'd by an added device CA.
+
+  ── SECURITY TRADEOFF, STATED PLAINLY ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  Permitting cleartext in base-config means the platform will no longer refuse a plaintext
+  connection to ANY host — including a public one — if the user pushes past the pairing
+  warning. On bare `ws://` the traffic (terminal bytes, and the WEBTERM_TOKEN if set) is
+  readable and replayable by anyone on the path. This mirrors the honest tradeoff already
+  recorded in CLAUDE.md for the server side: it is a LAN/Tailscale posture, never an
+  internet-exposure posture. TLS remains the default wherever a hostname is known.
+-->
 <network-security-config>
-    <base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="false" />
+
+    <!--
+      Cleartext ON (rationale above). Trust anchors are stated explicitly rather than inherited:
+      "system" only is already the default for targetSdk >= 24, but declaring it locks the app
+      out of user-installed CAs even if that default ever changes. Tunnel and Tailscale MagicDNS
+      hosts present real Let's Encrypt certs and are verified against exactly these anchors —
+      default system trust, no custom X509TrustManager, no pinning (§6.9).
+    -->
+    <base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
+        <trust-anchors>
+            <certificates src="system" />
+        </trust-anchors>
+    </base-config>
+
+    <!--
+      The native tunnel (`*.terminal.yaojia.wang`, PairingTiers.WarningTier.TUNNEL) always
+      terminates TLS with a real LE cert and is mTLS-gated by the device client cert, so a
+      plaintext dial there is never legitimate — it can only be a downgrade or a typo. This is
+      the one place a hostname IS known at build time, so it keeps the platform-level block that
+      LAN literals cannot have. includeSubdomains covers the apex and every per-host subdomain
+      (e.g. h7fd8.terminal.yaojia.wang). A blocked attempt surfaces as UnknownServiceException,
+      which PairingError already maps to CleartextBlocked.
+
+      Deliberately NOT listed: *.ts.net (Tailscale MagicDNS). Tailscale carries the connection
+      inside a WireGuard tunnel, so `http://<host>.<tailnet>.ts.net:3000` is already encrypted
+      end-to-end and is a supported way to reach a host (HostClassifier tiers it TAILSCALE, "no
+      cleartext warning"). Blocking cleartext there would break a safe, intended path.
+    -->
+    <domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="false">
+        <domain includeSubdomains="true">terminal.yaojia.wang</domain>
+    </domain-config>
+
 </network-security-config>

android/app/src/test/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/NetworkSecurityConfigTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import org.w3c.dom.Element
+import org.w3c.dom.Document
+import java.io.File
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory
+
+/**
+ * Regression lock for the A19 cleartext posture (BLOCKER 3).
+ *
+ * The shipped `network_security_config.xml` used to be a STUB that denied cleartext globally, which made
+ * every bare-LAN `ws://` connect impossible on a real device — while `HostEndpoint.fromBaseUrl` accepts
+ * `http` and `PairingViewModel` treats RFC1918 as a first-class tier. Bare LAN is this product's PRIMARY
+ * use case (CLAUDE.md "What This Is"), so that contradiction made the app tunnel-only.
+ *
+ * These are resource-shape assertions, deliberately NOT a behavioural test: the behaviour they guard
+ * (does a socket to 192.168.x.x open?) is only observable on a device and lives in DEVICE_QA_CHECKLIST.
+ * What CAN regress silently in a code review is the XML, so that is what is pinned here. Each assertion
+ * corresponds to a way the fix could be undone without any other test going red.
+ */
+@DisplayName("network_security_config.xml — A19 cleartext posture")
+class NetworkSecurityConfigTest {
+
+    private fun parse(path: String): Document =
+        DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance()
+            .apply { isNamespaceAware = true }
+            .newDocumentBuilder()
+            .parse(File(path))
+
+    private fun nsc(): Document = parse("src/main/res/xml/network_security_config.xml")
+
+    private fun elements(doc: Document, tag: String): List<Element> {
+        val nodes = doc.getElementsByTagName(tag)
+        return (0 until nodes.length).map { nodes.item(it) as Element }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("base-config permits cleartext, so a user-typed LAN address can still connect")
+    fun baseConfigPermitsCleartext() {
+        val base = elements(nsc(), "base-config").single()
+        assertEquals(
+            "true",
+            base.getAttribute("cleartextTrafficPermitted"),
+            "Denying cleartext in base-config makes every ws:// LAN connect fail with " +
+                "UnknownServiceException. The platform has no CIDR syntax, so this CANNOT be " +
+                "narrowed to RFC1918 — see the header comment in the resource.",
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("the tunnel domain keeps its cleartext block, so it can never be downgraded")
+    fun tunnelDomainDeniesCleartext() {
+        val denying = elements(nsc(), "domain-config")
+            .filter { it.getAttribute("cleartextTrafficPermitted") == "false" }
+        assertTrue(denying.isNotEmpty(), "the tunnel domain-config that pins TLS was removed")
+
+        val tunnelDomain = denying
+            .flatMap { cfg ->
+                val kids = cfg.getElementsByTagName("domain")
+                (0 until kids.length).map { kids.item(it) as Element }
+            }
+            .singleOrNull { it.textContent.trim() == "terminal.yaojia.wang" }
+
+        assertTrue(
+            tunnelDomain != null,
+            "terminal.yaojia.wang must stay under a cleartextTrafficPermitted=false domain-config: " +
+                "it always serves a real LE cert and is mTLS-gated, so a plaintext dial there can only " +
+                "be a downgrade or a typo.",
+        )
+        assertEquals(
+            "true",
+            tunnelDomain!!.getAttribute("includeSubdomains"),
+            "per-host tunnel subdomains (e.g. h7fd8.terminal.yaojia.wang) must be covered too",
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("no user-installed CA can ever be trusted")
+    fun trustAnchorsAreSystemOnly() {
+        val doc = nsc()
+        assertTrue(
+            elements(doc, "debug-overrides").isEmpty(),
+            "a <debug-overrides> trust-anchor block would let an added device CA MITM a build",
+        )
+        val certs = elements(doc, "certificates")
+        assertTrue(certs.isNotEmpty(), "trust anchors must stay declared, not inherited")
+        certs.forEach {
+            assertEquals(
+                "system",
+                it.getAttribute("src"),
+                "only system CAs may be trusted (plan §6.9); 'user' would trust an added device CA",
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    @DisplayName("the manifest attribute agrees with the config — they can never drift apart")
+    fun manifestAgreesWithConfig() {
+        val app = elements(parse("src/main/AndroidManifest.xml"), "application").single()
+        assertEquals(
+            "true",
+            app.getAttributeNS("http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android", "usesCleartextTraffic"),
+            "the manifest must not state the opposite of what network_security_config ships. The " +
+                "config wins at runtime on minSdk 29, so a stale 'false' here is a lie to the reader, " +
+                "not a second layer of defence.",
+        )
+    }
+}

android/app/src/test/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/components/QuickReplyTest.kt

@@ -204,6 +204,109 @@ class QuickReplyTest {
         assertFalse(shouldShowQuickReply(gateHeld = true, hasChips = false))
     }
 
+    // ── 4. The palette presenter (the production state holder behind the chips) ────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `palette load publishes the stored chips`() = runTest {
+        val palette = QuickReplyPalette(InMemoryQuickReplyStore())
+        assertTrue(palette.chips.value.isEmpty(), "nothing is published before load()")
+
+        palette.load()
+        assertEquals(QuickReplyDefaults.chips, palette.chips.value)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `palette CRUD republishes the store's new list every time`() = runTest {
+        val palette = QuickReplyPalette(InMemoryQuickReplyStore(newId = sequentialId()))
+        palette.load()
+
+        palette.add("run tests")
+        assertEquals("run tests", palette.chips.value.last().text)
+
+        palette.edit("qr-yes", "yes please")
+        assertEquals("yes please", palette.chips.value.single { it.id == "qr-yes" }.text)
+
+        val addedId = palette.chips.value.last().id
+        palette.remove(addedId)
+        assertFalse(palette.chips.value.any { it.id == addedId })
+
+        val idsBeforeMove = palette.chips.value.map { it.id }
+        palette.move(0, idsBeforeMove.lastIndex)
+        assertEquals(idsBeforeMove.drop(1) + idsBeforeMove.first(), palette.chips.value.map { it.id })
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `palette rejects a blank add without touching the published list`() = runTest {
+        val palette = QuickReplyPalette(InMemoryQuickReplyStore())
+        palette.load()
+        val before = palette.chips.value
+
+        palette.add("   ")
+        assertEquals(before, palette.chips.value)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `an emptied palette stays empty (no default re-seed) and hides the row`() = runTest {
+        val palette = QuickReplyPalette(InMemoryQuickReplyStore())
+        palette.load()
+        palette.chips.value.forEach { palette.remove(it.id) }
+
+        assertTrue(palette.chips.value.isEmpty())
+        assertFalse(shouldShowQuickReply(gateHeld = true, hasChips = palette.chips.value.isNotEmpty()))
+    }
+
+    // ── 5. The editor's one-field select / commit reducer ─────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a fresh editor state adds`() {
+        val state = QuickReplyEditorState()
+        assertNull(state.selectedId)
+        assertEquals("", state.draft)
+        assertEquals(QuickReplyCommit.NONE, state.commitKind()) // blank draft → nothing to commit
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a non-blank draft with no selection is an ADD`() {
+        assertEquals(QuickReplyCommit.ADD, QuickReplyEditorState(draft = "deploy").commitKind())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `selecting a chip loads its text and switches the commit to EDIT`() {
+        val state = QuickReplyEditorState().selecting(QuickReplyChip("qr-yes", "yes"))
+        assertEquals("qr-yes", state.selectedId)
+        assertEquals("yes", state.draft)
+        assertEquals(QuickReplyCommit.EDIT, state.commitKind())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a blank draft never commits, selected or not`() {
+        assertEquals(QuickReplyCommit.NONE, QuickReplyEditorState(selectedId = "qr-yes", draft = "  ").commitKind())
+        assertEquals(QuickReplyCommit.NONE, QuickReplyEditorState(draft = "").commitKind())
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `clearing drops the selection and the draft, and never mutates the previous state`() {
+        val selected = QuickReplyEditorState().selecting(QuickReplyChip("qr-no", "no"))
+        val cleared = selected.cleared()
+
+        assertNull(cleared.selectedId)
+        assertEquals("", cleared.draft)
+        // The previous snapshot is untouched (immutability).
+        assertEquals("qr-no", selected.selectedId)
+        assertEquals("no", selected.draft)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `the draft is carried verbatim into the commit (surrounding whitespace preserved)`() = runTest {
+        val state = QuickReplyEditorState(draft = "  spaced  ")
+        assertEquals(QuickReplyCommit.ADD, state.commitKind())
+
+        val palette = QuickReplyPalette(InMemoryQuickReplyStore(initial = emptyList(), newId = sequentialId()))
+        palette.load()
+        palette.add(state.draft)
+        assertEquals("  spaced  ", palette.chips.value.single().text)
+    }
+
     // ── Pure transforms never mutate the receiver ─────────────────────────────────
 
     @Test

android/app/src/test/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/components/ReconnectBannerTest.kt

@@ -109,4 +109,27 @@ class ReconnectBannerTest {
         val connecting = bannerModel(BannerModel.Hidden, Connection(ConnectionState.Connecting))
         assertEquals(connecting, bannerModel(connecting, Output("some bytes")))
     }
+
+    // ── 5. B5 · a 401 upgrade is terminal AND offers no new session ───────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `an unauthorized failure is terminal with no spinner and no new-session action`() {
+        val model = bannerModel(BannerModel.Hidden, Connection(ConnectionState.Failed(FailureReason.UNAUTHORIZED)))
+
+        val failed = model as BannerModel.Failed
+        assertEquals(FailureReason.UNAUTHORIZED, failed.reason)
+        assertFalse(failed.showsSpinner, "a 401 is permanent — never show a retry spinner")
+        assertFalse(
+            failed.offersNewSession,
+            "a new session would 401 too; the fix is the access token, not another session",
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `an unauthorized failure outranks later transient events`() {
+        val failed = bannerModel(BannerModel.Hidden, Connection(ConnectionState.Failed(FailureReason.UNAUTHORIZED)))
+
+        assertEquals(failed, bannerModel(failed, Connection(ConnectionState.Connecting)))
+        assertEquals(failed, bannerModel(failed, Connection(ConnectionState.Reconnecting(1, 2.seconds))))
+    }
 }

android/app/src/test/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/nav/SessionRowMenuTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.nav
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.LiveSessionInfo
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.sessionRowMenuActions
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.designsystem.DisplayStatus
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.viewmodels.SessionRow
+import java.util.UUID
+
+/**
+ * The pointer-context-menu ACTION SET for a session row (A26 — the large-screen right-click menu).
+ *
+ * The menu's *visibility* gate is [PointerMenuPolicy] (already covered by `LayoutPolicyTest`); this covers
+ * the other half — which entries a row offers and what each one does. Pure JVM: the entries are built by
+ * [sessionRowMenuActions], so the wiring is verified without a device (the pointer gesture itself is
+ * device-QA, plan §7).
+ *
+ * NOTE the "copy" entry iOS has is deliberately ABSENT: copy-out belongs to the terminal's own text
+ * selection `ActionMode`, and a list row has no selected text — so the menu must not advertise it.
+ *
+ * (This file sits in the `nav` test package because it covers the row-menu half of the adaptive shell
+ * wired here; the function itself lives beside [wang.yaojia.webterm.components.PointerContextMenu] and
+ * [wang.yaojia.webterm.components.ContextMenuAction], which is its cohesive home.)
+ */
+class SessionRowMenuTest {
+
+    private fun row(cwd: String?): SessionRow = SessionRow(
+        info = LiveSessionInfo(
+            id = UUID.fromString("11111111-2222-4333-8444-555555555555"),
+            createdAt = 0L,
+            clientCount = 1,
+            exited = false,
+            cwd = cwd,
+            cols = 80,
+            rows = 24,
+            lastOutputAt = 1L,
+        ),
+        displayStatus = DisplayStatus.Working,
+        title = "web-terminal",
+        isUnread = false,
+    )
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a row with a cwd offers open, new-session-in-cwd and kill — and never copy`() {
+        val actions = sessionRowMenuActions(row("/srv/app"), onOpen = {}, onNewSessionInCwd = {}, onKill = {})
+
+        assertEquals(3, actions.size)
+        assertTrue(actions[0].label.contains("打开"), "the first entry opens the session: ${actions[0].label}")
+        assertTrue(actions[1].label.contains("开新会话"), "cwd spawn entry missing: ${actions[1].label}")
+        assertTrue(actions[2].label.contains("终止"), "kill entry missing: ${actions[2].label}")
+        assertFalse(actions.any { it.label.contains("复制") }, "copy is a documented gap — must not appear")
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a row without a usable cwd drops the new-session entry`() {
+        assertEquals(2, sessionRowMenuActions(row(null), onOpen = {}, onNewSessionInCwd = {}, onKill = {}).size)
+        assertEquals(2, sessionRowMenuActions(row("   "), onOpen = {}, onNewSessionInCwd = {}, onKill = {}).size)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `no spawn handler wired means no new-session entry, even with a cwd`() {
+        val actions = sessionRowMenuActions(row("/srv/app"), onOpen = {}, onNewSessionInCwd = null, onKill = {})
+        assertEquals(2, actions.size)
+        assertFalse(actions.any { it.label.contains("开新会话") })
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `each entry invokes its callback with the row's own id and cwd`() {
+        var opened: UUID? = null
+        var spawnedIn: String? = null
+        var killed: UUID? = null
+        val target = row("/home/dev/project")
+
+        val actions = sessionRowMenuActions(
+            row = target,
+            onOpen = { opened = it },
+            onNewSessionInCwd = { spawnedIn = it },
+            onKill = { killed = it },
+        )
+        actions.forEach { it.onClick() }
+
+        assertEquals(target.id, opened)
+        assertEquals("/home/dev/project", spawnedIn)
+        assertEquals(target.id, killed)
+    }
+}

android/app/src/test/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/screens/TerminalReclaimPolicyTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package wang.yaojia.webterm.screens
+
+import androidx.lifecycle.Lifecycle
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.components.BannerModel
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.session.FailureReason
+import kotlin.time.Duration.Companion.seconds
+
+/**
+ * The §6.4 latest-writer-wins reclaim policy — the pure half of the device-switch resize path
+ * (plan §6.4 / A21). The Compose/lifecycle plumbing that feeds it is device-QA (§7); WHICH events
+ * must reach `SessionEngine.notifyForegrounded` is decided here, in JVM-testable data.
+ *
+ * The rule that makes this non-obvious: `:terminal-view`'s `TerminalResizeDriver` now owns pushing
+ * the measured grid on a layout change (and dedups sub-cell churn), so an extra engine-level
+ * re-assert on the SAME size-changed event would double every rotation's `resize` frame. The engine
+ * call therefore belongs to the events the view layer cannot see — becoming the active device again
+ * (resume / window-focus gain) — plus the disconnected case, where it is the connect-now nudge.
+ */
+class TerminalReclaimPolicyTest {
+
+    // ── Lifecycle: only ON_RESUME means "this device is active again" ────────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `ON_RESUME reclaims the shared PTY size`() {
+        assertTrue(TerminalReclaimPolicy.reclaimsOnLifecycle(Lifecycle.Event.ON_RESUME))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `no other lifecycle event reclaims`() {
+        Lifecycle.Event.values()
+            .filter { it != Lifecycle.Event.ON_RESUME }
+            .forEach { event ->
+                assertFalse(TerminalReclaimPolicy.reclaimsOnLifecycle(event), "$event must not reclaim")
+            }
+    }
+
+    // ── Window focus: gain only (a blur must never resize — plan §6.4 removed the size-vote) ────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `window-focus GAIN reclaims and a blur does not`() {
+        assertTrue(TerminalReclaimPolicy.reclaimsOnWindowFocus(focused = true))
+        assertFalse(TerminalReclaimPolicy.reclaimsOnWindowFocus(focused = false))
+    }
+
+    // ── View size change: nudge only while disconnected (the driver owns the connected case) ────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a size change while connected does NOT re-assert (the view driver already pushed it)`() {
+        assertFalse(TerminalReclaimPolicy.nudgesOnViewSizeChange(BannerModel.Hidden))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a size change while connecting or reconnecting nudges connect-now`() {
+        assertTrue(TerminalReclaimPolicy.nudgesOnViewSizeChange(BannerModel.Connecting))
+        assertTrue(TerminalReclaimPolicy.nudgesOnViewSizeChange(BannerModel.Reconnecting(2, 4.seconds)))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `a size change on a terminal banner never nudges (no reconnect is owed)`() {
+        assertFalse(TerminalReclaimPolicy.nudgesOnViewSizeChange(BannerModel.Failed(FailureReason.REPLAY_TOO_LARGE)))
+        assertFalse(TerminalReclaimPolicy.nudgesOnViewSizeChange(BannerModel.Exited(0, null)))
+        assertFalse(TerminalReclaimPolicy.nudgesOnViewSizeChange(BannerModel.Exited(-1, "spawn failed")))
+    }
+}

android/app/src/test/java/wang/yaojia/webterm/viewmodels/DiffViewModelTest.kt

@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.CommitResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.GitWriteOutcome
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.PushResult
 import wang.yaojia.webterm.api.models.StageResult
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.testsupport.FakeHttpTransport
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.AccessTokenSource
+import wang.yaojia.webterm.wire.HostEndpoint
 
 /**
  * A24 DiffViewModel — the JVM-testable read-only diff logic (plan §4.2 / §1): the STRING staged flag
@@ -291,4 +294,35 @@ class DiffViewModelTest {
         assertTrue(DiffUiState(canWrite = true).writeEnabled)
         assertFalse(DiffUiState(canWrite = true, base = "main").writeEnabled)
     }
+
+    // ── B5 · the hand-built diff route carries the access-token cookie ───────────────────────────
+
+    @Test
+    fun `the real diff fetcher stamps the auth cookie and never an Origin`() = runTest {
+        val endpoint = requireNotNull(HostEndpoint.fromBaseUrl("http://10.0.0.5:3000"))
+        val http = FakeHttpTransport()
+        val url = "http://10.0.0.5:3000/projects/diff?path=%2Frepo&staged=0"
+        http.queueSuccess(url = url, body = """{"files":[]}""".toByteArray())
+        val fetcher = HttpDiffFetcher(endpoint, http, AccessTokenSource { "0123456789abcdefTOKEN" })
+
+        fetcher.fetch("/repo", staged = false, base = null)
+
+        val request = http.recordedRequests.single()
+        assertEquals("webterm_auth=0123456789abcdefTOKEN", request.headers["Cookie"])
+        assertFalse(request.headers.containsKey("Origin"), "the diff route is read-only")
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `the real diff fetcher sends no cookie for a host without a token`() = runTest {
+        val endpoint = requireNotNull(HostEndpoint.fromBaseUrl("http://10.0.0.5:3000"))
+        val http = FakeHttpTransport()
+        http.queueSuccess(
+            url = "http://10.0.0.5:3000/projects/diff?path=%2Frepo&staged=0",
+            body = """{"files":[]}""".toByteArray(),
+        )
+
+        HttpDiffFetcher(endpoint, http).fetch("/repo", staged = false, base = null)
+
+        assertFalse(http.recordedRequests.single().headers.containsKey("Cookie"))
+    }
 }